The impact of the external environment on enterprises

Enterprise development of the external environment, mainly manifested in competing countries in the development of resources, infrastructure, technology and legal environment differences.

The external environment of the enterprise is divided into two levels: macro-environment and micro-environment. Macro-environmental factors include: political environment, economic environment, technological environment, social and cultural environment. These factors have a greater influence on the enterprise and its micro-environment.

It is generally through the micro-environment of the enterprise indirectly have an impact. Micro-environmental factors, including market demand, competitive environment, resource environment, etc., involving the nature of the industry, the status of competitors, consumers, suppliers, intermediaries and other social interest groups and other factors, which will directly affect the production and business activities of enterprises.

I, the social environment

Social environment refers to those who do not have a direct role in business activities and can often have a potential impact on the general elements of business decision-making, including mainly with the entire business environment linked to the technological, economic, cultural, political and legal aspects of the four forces.

There is an interactive relationship between these elements and forces. In the short term, socio-cultural forces influence the actions and decisions of enterprises through their role in the group of relevant claimants in the enterprise's task environment. In the long term, companies can also have a significant impact on the group of relevant claimants in the task environment through their own activities.

The task environment

The task environment refers to the elements and groups of claimants that can directly affect or be affected by an enterprise's main operating activities, such as shareholders, customers, suppliers, competitors, local associations, government departments, financial institutions and so on.

Third, the source of information

External environment analysis is mainly an informal process, which depends largely on the analyst's personal subjective value judgment. External environment analysis requires a large amount of relevant information, which relies on numerous sources of information channels, such as: users, suppliers, bankers, consultants, public and non-public publications, personal observation surveys, superiors, subordinate employees, peer partners and so on.

In order to make the whole enterprise all kinds of information can be summarized in a timely manner to the hands of the personnel engaged in environmental analysis, so that they can be processed and organized through the information, and give a comprehensive analysis of the external environment of the enterprise in a timely manner to report, it is necessary to establish an appropriate enterprise strategic management information system.

Expanded information:

Enterprise external environmental factors analysis:

1. Macro Environmental analysis

The macro-environment generally includes four types of factors, namely, political, economic, technological, social and cultural, referred to as PEST (political, economic, social, technological).

There is also the natural environment, i.e., the geography, climate, distribution of resources, ecological environment, and other factors in the region or market where an enterprise is located. Since the rate of change of each factor of the natural environment is slow, it is easier for enterprises to cope with it, and thus it is not a key research object.

1, the political environment: refers to those political factors and legal systems that affect and constrain the enterprise, as well as its operational status. Specifically including the national political system, political and military situation, policies, laws and regulations and law enforcement system and other factors.

In a stable political environment, enterprises are able to survive and develop by acquiring legitimate rights and interests through fair competition. National policies and regulations have a controlling and regulating effect on the production and operation activities of enterprises, and the same policies and regulations may bring different opportunities or constraints to different enterprises.

2, the economic environment: refers to the survival and development of enterprises constitute the social and economic conditions and national economic policy. Specifically, it includes the social and economic system, economic structure, macroeconomic policies, the level of economic development and future economic trends. Among them, the key analysis of the macroeconomic situation, the industry's economic environment, the market and its competitive situation.

Measures of the economic environment are: gross national product, national income, employment levels, price levels, the size of the distribution of consumer spending, the balance of payments situation, as well as interest rates, the supply of currency, government spending, exchange rates and other national fiscal and monetary policies.

3., the technological environment: refers to the existing level of science and technology related to the enterprise, the trend of development and speed of development, as well as the national science and technology system, science and technology policy. Such as the field of scientific and technological research, the distribution of scientific and technological achievements and the advanced degree of the distribution of scientific and technological research and development of the strength and so on.

In the knowledge economy and the rapid development of science and technology, the impact of the technological environment on the enterprise may be creative and destructive, the enterprise must foresee the changes brought about by these new technologies, and take corresponding measures to deal with.

4, the social and cultural environment: refers to the enterprise is located in the region of the social structure, customs, religious beliefs, values, behavioral norms, lifestyle, cultural level, population size and geographical distribution and other factors of formation and change.

Social and cultural environment has a subtle influence on the production and operation of enterprises, such as cultural level will affect the level of people's needs; customs and religious beliefs may resist or prohibit certain activities of enterprises; population size and geographical distribution will affect the social demand for products and consumption.

Baidu Encyclopedia - External Environment

Baidu Encyclopedia - Environmental Analysis