What are the types and processing methods of fabrics?

1, non-woven fabric (English name: non-woven fabric or non-woven fabric): also known as nonwoven fabric, it is composed of oriented or random fibers. It is called cloth because of its appearance and some properties.

Non-woven fabrics are moisture-proof, breathable, flexible, light, non-combustion-supporting, easy to decompose, non-toxic and non-irritating, rich in color, low in price and recyclable. For example, polypropylene (pp material) granules are used as raw materials, which are made by one-step continuous melting, spinning, laying and hot-pressing winding.

2. Lining: Clothing lining is commonly known as clothing lining (interlining), which refers to the material used to partially or completely cover the interior of clothing.

3. Spunlaced cloth: Spunlaced nonwovens, also known as spunlaced nonwovens, also known as "spunlaced cloth". Main raw materials: cotton, wool, hemp, silk, viscose fiber, polyester fiber, acetate fiber and polypropylene fiber. At present, there are three main uses of spunlaced cloth, namely medical, leather and cleaning.

4. Washed cloth is made of cotton cloth, silk chemical fiber and thick fabric. After special treatment, the surface color of the fabric is softer and feels softer, showing a sense of old material in slight wrinkles. Mainly used as coats, suits, shirts, pants, pajamas, etc.

5, plush: also known as sea tiger velvet or Haibolong, is a plush fabric. It is made up of two groups of warp yarns (ground warp and wool warp) and a group of weft yarns by double-layer weaving, and two pieces of fabric with the same plush are obtained after velvet cutting.

Wool usually uses cotton thread as ground warp and weft, and only wool warp uses wool yarn. It can be divided into plain color, embroidery, printing and jacquard. Suitable for winter women's wear, children's wear, clothes lining, collars, hats and sofas.

Treatment method:

1, spunlace: also known as air-jet spinning, is an important non-woven fabric processing technology. Because of its unique technology, spunlace is widely used in medical and health care products, synthetic leather base cloth, shirts, home decoration and other fields. Its fiber raw materials are widely available, such as polyester, nylon, polypropylene, viscose fiber and so on.

2. Composite processing: more than two layers of cloth are combined to become a new material. The combination of fabrics makes the material washable, wear-resistant, waterproof, breathable and warm, which is suitable for making outdoor sporting goods, such as mountaineering clothes.

3. Screen printing: short for "screen printing". Screen printing is to stretch silk fabric, synthetic fiber fabric or metal screen on a screen frame, and make a screen printing plate by hand carving paint film or photochemical plate making. Modern screen printing technology is to use photosensitive materials to make screen printing plates through photographic plate making.

4. Printing and dyeing: the dye is made into a solution or dispersion of a certain medium, and the fiber is dyed through the physical, chemical or physicochemical combination between the dye and the fiber. Chemical methods are used to make dye intermediates generate pigments on fibers, so that textiles have certain colors.

Extended data:

Other common fabrics:

1, pure cotton plain cloth/plain cloth: 70% of the cloth is pure cotton plain cloth, which is the most conventional variety in the store. The fabric woven with plain weave (warp and weft interweave every other yarn) is called plain weave fabric, which has a flat surface and the same appearance on both sides.

Old cotton cloth generally has a coarse yarn count (traditional hand-made patchwork is more suitable), and its appearance is simple and natural without luster, while high-count new cotton cloth refers to a fine yarn count, tight knitting and slippery appearance. Traditional hand-made patchwork is mostly done with plain cloth (especially plain old cotton cloth).

2. Jacquard: refers to the strip or flower-shaped concave-convex pattern woven on the cloth. It can be divided into big jacquard and small jacquard. Jacquard is a flower pattern, and small jacquard is a simple geometric pattern such as strip or lattice. Jacquard gives people a more gorgeous feeling and a higher price.

3. Grey cloth: also known as white grey cloth, the unbleached, dyed and printed cloth woven from primary color cotton yarn, collectively referred to as primary color cloth.

4. Poplin: It is a kind of plain cloth, and it is also woven with plain weave. Warp and weft are both fine yarns, which belong to fine and extra-high warp density fabrics. They are crisp and smooth, and can be used to make shirts.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Libu

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-nonwoven

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-spunlace cloth