Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional culture - What are some of the ethnic legends or myths about the Lisu, Deang, and Achang ethnic groups? Please be as detailed as possible.

What are some of the ethnic legends or myths about the Lisu, Deang, and Achang ethnic groups? Please be as detailed as possible.

There is a legend in the Book of Genesis, which has been passed down from generation to generation among the Lisu people, that in ancient times, heaven and earth were connected, and the sky was muddy. People were walking with firewood on their backs and if they were not careful, the firewood would touch the sky. A woman was y upset and scolded the sky, "O heaven! Either you are higher, or you simply don't have any!" The woman's curse angered the heavens, and suddenly it rained heavily for nine days and nine nights. After the downpour, the human world was inundated with floods, and all the humans on the earth drowned, but the heavens and the earth were also separated. At this time, there were only two siblings left, the brother's name was Lekhi Leksha and the sister's name was Shahi Shahi Shahi. The brother and sister hid in a large gourd and drifted with the flood. When the flood stopped, the gourd was stranded on land, and the two siblings came out of the gourd with great joy. The land was not as flat as it had been before the flood, and there were mountains, flatlands, rivers, rocks and forests. The brother and sister were happy and sad. They were happy that the earth and sky had opened up, and that they had not been drowned; they were sad that all the people in the world had died, and that only the brother and sister were left, so how were they going to live and multiply their offspring? When the brother saw this situation, he had to say to his sister: now that all the people in the world have died and there are only two of us left, in order to keep the human race from becoming extinct, the two of us can only get married. So the two agreed to go their own way to find someone. Before leaving, the sister cut the bracelet into two halves as a token, brother and sister each with half, brother to the north, sister to the south. Over the mountains, across the river, across the plains, the Russian forest, or did not meet a person, and finally when they came to the center of the earth, brother and sister were reunited. The brother said to the sister, "Sister, you see, there is no one on the earth, we two should get married, otherwise the human race will be extinct! The sister said: No, we must swear to heaven and obtain the consent of heaven before we can do so. The brother said: OK, let's swear! The sister said: we have to act according to the will of heaven, and we can only get married if you can pass a crossbow arrow through the pinhole of my bone. The brother says: Good. Take out the crossbow, aim at the bone pinhole, and put an arrow through it. The brother said to the sister, "God has agreed that we should be married. But the sister said: still can not, and took out a pair of millstone and said to the brother: I take the mill heart, you take the mill shaft, we threw them down the hill, if the millstone together, we can get married; if the millstone apart, can not get married. Brother agreed, the two of them rolled the mill from the hillside to the foot of the mountain, the two mills did come together, so the brother and sister were married. After the siblings were married, they had five children. When the first child was born, Lixi Leshak threw a piece of white cloth on the ground and said to the baby: let you become Han Chinese. The second child, a divination bamboo stick thrown on the ground, and said to the baby: let you become Lisu. When the third child was born, a piece of black cloth was thrown on the ground and said to the baby: let you become Nosu (Yi). This is why the Yi people generally like to wear black clothes. When the fourth child was born, they poked a stick on the ground and said, "Let you become an ornithopter" (Dulong). Therefore, later the Dulong people liked to walk on crutches. When they gave birth to their fifth child, they put a dustpan on the ground and said, "Let you become a Nu tribe. Therefore, the Nu were good at weaving bamboo dustpans. Later, Lixi Lishasa called the children Abi their own language written down, the Han people wrote on white cloth, so far still preserved Chinese characters; Nuosu written on black cloth, became the old Yi; Lisu written on suede, and then suede was eaten by the dog, so the Lisu people do not have the written word handed down. (A Brief History of the Lisu, pp. 1-3, Nationalities Publishing House, November 2008)

There are two kinds of myths and legends circulating about the origin of the Deang.

One theory is that in ancient times the De'ang came out of a gourd, and at that time, all men were the same height, one kind of mouth and face, without any difference. As for the women, they flew everywhere as soon as they came out of the gourd. Later, a fairy to separate the appearance of men, but also taught men to use the waist hoop to women on the body, they will not fly. From then on men and women were able to unite and begin the life of mankind.

Another says that long ago there was a great garden on the earth, and in the garden there was a high mountain, and in the mountain there was a cave, and in the cave lived a dragoness. This dragoness had a habit. Every three years she would be transformed into a beauty and come out of the cave to bask in the sun. This habit was known by a descendant of the immortal, on the occasion of her coming out to sunbathe with her to climb, the dragon lady can no longer return to the hole, and he married, gave birth to the Deang ancestors.

The origin of the Deang Water Festival. Legend has it that in order to take care of the productive life of the Deang people, Buddha came to earth from heaven after the consent of the six gods. In order not to attract people's attention, Buddha became a Buddha, living alone in Zang room. He did a lot of good things for the people, relieved a lot of disasters, y respected and loved by the people. What difficulties people have come to him to help solve, because he is the embodiment of wisdom, a lot of ways, what problems are solved very well. Initially, people came to him only when they encountered things such as joy, mourning, housing and food. Over time, even which field to plant what crops, which young man wants what kind of girl, which child to take what name, which old man has a long life and so on the big and small things, all come to him for advice. Sometimes, husband and wife a little disharmony, but also to find mediation, so that he is not peaceful day and night. He gradually felt that too many things on earth are too complicated, and could not leave the earth. However, the sky god limited his time to return to the palace of heaven has arrived, three times urged him to return. And he both stayed in love with the De'ang people, but also do not dare to confront the God of heaven, anxious to suffer from a serious illness, bedridden. The people know, to the four corners of the world to find valuable medicines, dedication to him to take. The Buddha knew that the God of Heaven was going to invoke his soul to heaven, and the medicine did not help. One day his illness suddenly worsened, and men and women came running to ask him what he wanted. All he asked was for a wooden statue to be carved in his likeness and a bath for him. The people complied. Three days later, the wheelhouse of the statue was carved out, and the Buddha opened his eyes to look at it, nodded, and said with satisfaction, "All is well." After saying this, he closed his eyes. Half a month later, the statue of Buddha's footman carved out, the Buddha opened his eyes to see, smiled and said, "wind and rain harvest is good." Said closed his eyes again. After a month, the Buddha's eyes, ears, mouth, nose all carved, when the Qingming has passed. Master Buddha opened his eyes wide and looked at them again and again, and he said happily, "The devil is averted, and the people and animals are free from disease." Who knows, before the people could bathe him, he left the earth. In order to show his remembrance, in order to realize his will, the people according to the style of Zang room, built a pavilion on the spot, will be like in the pavilion, and rushed three days of the pendulum, to the statue of the Buddha poured three days of water. Since then, every year to splash, the formation of a traditional festival, the Deung language called "Shanggen", meaning that the ancestors splash water.

The myth of creation is the most widely circulated and representative ancient myth of the Achang people. The myth recounts that in the ancient times, there was no heaven and earth, only chaos. In the chaos, there was no light, no darkness, no top, no bottom, no support, and no boundary. I don't know when and how, a white light flashed out of the chaos; with light, there is darkness; with darkness, there is yin and yang; yin and yang were born, giving birth to the God of Heaven, Chapama, and the Mother of Earth, Chamima. Chapa Ma holding a "whip" to move mountains and rivers, come and go like flying, he pinched the gold and silver sand for the sun and moon, pull down the breast to do the peaks, flinging down the "whip" sown millions of stars, creating the sky, the sun, the moon and the stars. The air he spewed out became white clouds in the sky, and the sweat he shed turned into boundless rainstorms. He lifted the moon to the top of Taiyin Mountain so that the moon would have a place to rest; he lifted the sun to Sun Mountain so that the sun would have a place to rest. He planted a sorrel tree in the center of the two mountains, and let the sun and the moon revolve around the sorrel tree; the sun came out in the daytime, and the moon came out in the nighttime. He also sent four gods of heaven, east and west, south and north, to dwell on the four sides of the sky.

At the same time that Chapamma, the God of Heaven, made the heavens, Chamma, the Mother of Earth, began to make the earth. She used her throat as a shuttle, plucked the sweat from her face to weave the earth, and the blood that flowed from her face dripped into the sea, and her body drove up the earth. The sky is made, the earth is woven, the heavenly father Chapa Ma, mother of the earth Chamima in the center of the earth, the top of the infinite mountain to meet and get married, after nine years, Chamima gave birth to a gourd, Chapa Ma buried the gourd seeds in the ground, after another nine years, the gourd sprouted and blossomed, and knitted a big gourd, from which jumped out of nine small dolls, which is the first human beings. Chapamama taught them to carve wood to remember things, and to use divination and incantations to ward off diseases and disasters. Chapamma taught them to hunt, cook food and build houses.

The human race lived and prospered for an unknown number of years, when suddenly one day the winds blew, the rain poured down, and the floods inundated the land. Chaima patched up the east, west, and north sides of the earth and sky with three earth tendons. In order to block the storm blowing from the south, Chapa Ma built a southern heavenly gate in Lachchidan. While building the gate, the beautiful salt goddess Sanguni came behind Chapa Ma and seduced him with her sweet words, making him fall y in love.

At that very moment, the wind and the lightning gave birth to the greatest of all fire and drought gods, Raman. He made a false sun and nailed it to the sky, so that there was only day and no night on the ground, and the sky was like a large steamer, hotter than a red-hot iron pot in the south. The pools of water roasted dry, the leaves of the trees withered, the horns of the buffaloes were bent in the sun, the backs of the yellow cattle were baked yellow, and the world was thrown into chaos, and Chamima sent a kitten to the far-off Rachu-dan to call back Chapamma, and the beautiful Sanguni came with him, and took the salt to China.

Chapa Ma face by the Lama stirred up heaven and earth, angry, he and Lama three times fight, with magic to defeat Lama, will be poisoned to death, broken into pieces, and cut to the yellow corn tree to do a thousand-pound bow, draw the bow to shoot down the false sun, reorganize the heaven and earth and sent thirty divine soldiers to guard the mountain, thirty gods and goddesses to manage the villages and villages, **** with the blessing of the human tranquillity.

The creation myth "Chapa Ma and Chamima Ma" is a household name in the Achang area and has a profound impact on the cultural development of the Achang people. Chamima rode the sun and moon to visit heaven and earth, and the legend says that on the fourth day of the first month of every year, in order to commemorate the feat of the Heavenly Father and Earthly Mother, this day is designated as the traditional festival of the Achang people, "Wuluo Festival".