When and where did straw knitting originate? What are some of the

? Grass weaving, a widely popular folk handicraft. It is the use of grass produced in various places, local materials, woven into a variety of daily necessities, such as baskets, fruit boxes, cups, pots and mats, hats, slippers and pillows and so on. Some of the use of pre-dyed with a variety of colorful grass, weaving a variety of patterns, and some are woven after printing decorative patterns. Both economical and practical, but also beautiful and generous.

? Grass weaving is widely distributed in China, the main producing areas are Shandong, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Henan and other places. Farmers and artists use the local corn husk, mat grass, thatch, wheat straw and other rich local resources. Woven into hats, baskets, slippers, bags, carpets, sleeping mats and other daily necessities, varieties of colorful, good quality, rich in simple and elegant style, in domestic and foreign sales.

Grass mat refers to the mat woven with flexible grass stems, the general grass mat can not be folded, can only be rolled up. But the improved grass woven mats are able to be folded for storage. Grass mats have a strong ability to absorb water, grass woven handicrafts (grass mats) Jiangnan Su mat, Yizheng Park mat, Zhejiang Ning mat and known as the "national three famous mats". Grass mat is a high-tech natural herbaceous plant that is crushed, dried, mildewed, sterilized, drawn and woven into a grass mat. In the history of the town, there is a saying that "three bays, nine wells, eighteen lanes, every family is busy weaving mats", and the produced mats are strong, well-woven, clean and consistent in color and luster, and they have the reputation of "not falling down, not leaking water, and not going bad for twenty years". At present, the local area has built the largest straw mat trading center in East China --- China Park Mats City.

? Jiangsu Park mat, produced in Jiangsu Yizheng Park village, with strict selection of grass, hemp tendons strong, weaving sophisticated, tightly woven, mat surface clean, durable formation of characteristics. It is said that "it will not fall down when standing, will not leak water, and will not be damaged in 20 years". Suzhou Hu Shu mat, produced in the Qing Dynasty, Suzhou Huqiu near the Kuai grass woven straw mat. Gu Lu "Tongqiao Yizhao record": "Kuai mat, out of Huqiu is good, see" Gusu Zhi ". Shantang only one or two stores only. There are two kinds of mats: futon mats and gabion mats. In the past years, residents around the mountain a variety of Kuai grass, weaving mats for the industry, the four sides said 'tiger beard mat', extremely exquisite, other places are not as good. Today's species of Kuai grass weaving mat, Hu Guan for very much, but the name of the Huqiu still have the number of seat field弄者. Hunan Linwu Longshu grass mat, Bryantian grass mat, Qiyang grass mat and Hubei Shinyang recommended grass mat (carpet) is also very famous.

Straw shoes are made of straw and are a product of rice culture. The production of straw shoes is very simple, only need to play the sole, and then in the foot with the grass rope twisted knot, the heel even the bottom of the pocket up with the grass rope over the knot that is completed. This shoe is cheap and beautiful, walking fast, going up and down the mountain daily work can be worn, to the evening soles, such as if worn out, more discarded, so it is also known as "not pity", "not borrowed", a pair a day, day-to-day updates. According to legend, straw shoes began in the Xia Dynasty, and in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, the princes and nobles also wore these shoes from time to time. The great thinker Zhuang Zi not only can weave himself, but also wearing broken straw shoes to meet the king of Wei. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, the princes and nobles no longer wear, grass shoes reduced to vulgar things, for the lower people only. A downtrodden literati once made a straw shoe words said: "less green old to yellow, ten key ten thousand knot knot into a pair. I just managed to tie the same knot, but I am afraid that people will say short and long. Cloud and rain, I undertake, but unfortunately can not enter the orchid room; one day the belly breaks, abandon the old love new skim road side" to straw shoes as a metaphor for life sent sent sentiments.

? The Yangtze River Basin has a wide variety of straw shoes, with cloth instead of grass compiled shoes called "cloth straw shoes", with hemp compiled called "hemp straw shoes", with kudzu knitted so-called "kudzu straw shoes". The shapes are similar, and they are suitable for walking on steep stone walls, rugged mountain roads, mossy stone paths and muddy ridges. The mountainous areas of bamboo with Ruo shell braided shoes, more pointed, rainy day wearable, mostly used by mountain people. Prepared with cattail grass called "cattail shoes", with boat-shaped upper, superior than grass shoes, small business, shopkeepers more than wear it. Sichuan Hanzhou grass shoes were initially made of cereal grass as the main raw material, a few hemp ropes for the warp, cereal grass for the weft compilation and become. Later, for the sake of aesthetics, the hemp rope nose was changed to colorful silk thread, and the hemp rope binding the shoes was changed to colorful ribbons. It is said that this kind of comfortable and lightweight straw shoes had been Emperor Qianlong fancy, the old local every year at the beginning of summer tribute to the silk ear of a hundred pairs of straw shoes. From then on, Hanzhou woven straw shoes of women more, the process is also constantly improving. The governor of Hanzhou also set up a grass shoes market across the left side of the Yamen entrance, convenient for the officials to choose the tribute shoes. Nantong produced a kind of thatched boots, also known as "bushy shoes", the Department of reed flowers rolled into a flower rope compiled, is a practical crafts with good warmth. Nantong County, five total township of the theater pier village for the "thatched boots village", where there used to be a lot of ditches and branches, the soil is cold, alkali gas heavy. It is very suitable for the growth of reeds. As the main raw material for reed boots, reed flowers are readily available. As the material for making reed boots is easy to get, the technique is simple, and it can resist the cold and moisture, so it is easy to promote. Men, women, and children of all ages can make them. The soles of the boots are usually made in early spring. Wait until the summer rushes bloomed, picked rushes after drying, began to boot soles are embedded in the rushes rope, along the edge of the blue calico, a pair of thick generous, handmade exquisite thatched boots will be made. Thatched boots are a well-known local sideline industry.

Shanghai Jiading is famous for the preparation of daily crafts. Jiading grass weaving to yellow grass as raw material. Yellow grass belongs to the monocotyledonous plant family Salviaceae, was born in Jiading East Chengqiao town around the beach head river, there is a so-called "famous city treasure production number of yellow grass," said. Yellow grass stem is smooth and flexible, since the Ming Dynasty, local residents use it to weave bushy shoes. Guangxu yellow grass preparation has been very developed. In recent times, yellow grass has developed into artificial cultivation. Weaving varieties of hats, bags, bags, blankets and so on. The color is simple and beautiful, inexpensive, lightweight and durable. Zhejiang Cixi Changhe, Taizhou, Wenzhou, Huangyan and other places are also abundant grass weaving process, weaving varieties of daily necessities and all kinds of toys.

The Yellow River Basin is represented by Shandong, Henan, of which Shandong is particularly prosperous. Shandong's folk grass weaving, according to the 1959 discovery of the Tai'an city of Dawenkou culture site in the excavated pottery, as early as 6000 years ago has existed. Folk grass weaving process according to the different materials can be divided into straw, corn husk weaving, cattail weaving, Langya grass weaving, horse mixing grass weaving, three-pronged grass weaving, straw weaving, hemp weaving, mountain arrow grass (folk also known as "oil grass") weaving and so on. Among them, straw weaving, corn husk, cattail weaving is the most common. Classified by the use of woven fabrics, belonging to the category of utensils are baskets, baskets, boxes, plates, boxes, tea cushions, cushions, art cages, rice bags, strainers, vegetable sieve, pot covers, fans, flower pots, paper baskets, letter inserts, tea cups, grass toys and so on; belonging to the category of clothing are straw hats (hats, hats, hats, hats, hats, hemp hats and so on), straw shoes (there are the traditional winter wear "bushy nests In the clothing category, there are straw hats (bowler hats, hats, sun hats, hemp hats, etc.), straw shoes (the traditional winter "bushy nests" and slippers and sandals), straw raincoats, corn husk shirts and so on; in the furniture category, there are straw screens and so on; and in the construction and interior decoration category, there are straw carpets, lamps and umbrellas, wall decorative paper, straw wallpaper, etc. In addition, there are various kinds of grass braids as semi-finished products. According to the technology classification, there are weaving goods, laying goods, stringing goods, nailing goods all kinds of things. As a traditional arts and crafts and agricultural handicrafts products, grass weaving throughout the province of Shandong, the more concentrated areas are Yantai City, Weifang City, Binzhou area, Liaocheng area, as well as Qingdao City and Jinan City.

The area around Shahe Town, Yantai City, Yecheng County, is the early distribution center of Chinese grass weaving products, as well as an intangible cultural heritage site, which is still a very active place for grass weaving production. The straw braids, straw mats, straw hats and straw boxes made of straw still have traditional characteristics. Straw braid such as "Shahe yellow", "Shahe white" and thousands of "pattern braid", craft rules, exquisite production, enjoy a certain reputation at home and abroad.

? Yantai City, the main products have been woven by the straw woven products to corn skin woven products, Haiyang, Lushan and other cities of corn skin carpet, Haiyang's "Malian stacks" baskets, Longkou wrapped rod baskets, Zhaoyuan's corn skin curtains, are characteristic of the hot products. Weifang City, Changyi County, famous for hand-woven straw hats, the local production of gold straw hats to the name of the famous, so far, the county's rural women are able to hand-woven many forms of straw hats.

? Tancheng County, Linyi region, is a famous producer of hammered grass weaving products. Langya grass, also known as yellow grass, because of its main production area in Tancheng County for the Qin Dynasty Langya County, known as "Langya grass". The Langya grass leaves are long and soft and elastic, very suitable for weaving, local people have been used to weave straw shoes. 1913, the local Yang Xitang and other people according to the folk weaving method to create the Abutilon as the warp, to hammer the Langya grass as the weft of the weaving of the straw hat craft, so that the Langya grass weaving straw hat is famous all over the world. Hammer Ea grass weaving has a variety of techniques: "wind eye weaving" rhythmic harmony, "eagle claw pattern" lively and dynamic, "rope and grass weaving" style empty, a combination of several weaving method has a virtual reality, The combination of several weaving methods has the effect of comparing the sparse and dense, light and dark, Luangya grass products in addition to straw hats, slippers, baskets, tea cup sets, fruit boxes, flower boxes, etc. The city of Pingdu is also one of Shandong's most important cities for grass weaving. Pindu City is also a traditional area of Shandong grass production, products to wheat grass braid and grass tea cushion is the most distinctive.

Boxing County, Binzhou region to stranded weaving process of woven cattail tea cushion, cushion, etc., quite unique, they adhere to the development of the vision of the times, focusing on reeds, cattail production of a variety of grass wall mats, so that the traditional grass weaving into a modern building indoor construction materials.

Shandong grass weaving process method is extremely rich, commonly used are braiding, flat braiding, twisted braiding, braiding flowers (such as "Mulin stacks", "set of buttons", "chain buttons, "small waves", "cross buckle", "curve buckle", "dumpling buckle", "plum blossom buckle", etc.), cone masonry, stringing, stringing, stringing, stringing, wrapping buckle, wrapping saw, wrapping edge, wrapping paintings, wrapping, twisting, folding, sewing and embroidery, pasting, cutting flowers and Zale all kinds of. Shandong grass weaving this rich history and folk tradition of handicrafts, in the hands of creative people of shandong, will become a modern folk handicrafts rich in the style of the times, will be for the whole of mankind's modern life weaving out happiness, harmony, beauty.

"Dongyang bamboo weaving" to Ma Fu Jin as the representative of the traditional weaving techniques are: pick a press a law, pick two press two law, pick three press three law, pick a press two law, pick one press three law, pick one press four law, the warp and weft of the law, the method of weaving strings, turn yellow yin carving method, bamboo carving decorative method, turn the spring carving empty embedded silk method, turn the spring according to the flower glue law, and so on 16 kinds of After the founding of New China, especially the bamboo carving method. After the founding of new China, especially after the bamboo weaving artists organized, adhere to the inheritance of tradition, ancient for modern use, and the development of innovative spirit of the times combined, new techniques and colors continue to produce. Firstly, they created nine gimlets from the traditional six gimlets; then they reformed and innovated the insertion method according to the production needs of vases and animals; in 1968, when they produced antique products, they created the patch method; in 1974, when they produced handbags and trays, they created the integrated weaving method; in 1983, when they created the "Nine Dragons Wall", there was a new innovation in the technique. In 1983, when creating the "Nine Dragon Wall", there was a new breakthrough in the innovation of techniques.

Innovation of New Methods