Twenty-four solar terms folk activities

Beginning of spring, commonly known as "Da Chun". The ancient custom in beginning of spring is not only an ancient solar term, but also an important festival. At the beginning of spring, the son of heaven will personally lead the prince and the doctor to welcome the spring in the eastern suburbs and issue a kind order. At the beginning of spring, an old man was selected from the village to symbolically whip the cattle in spring three times, which means the beginning of a year's agriculture. Folk artists make many small mud cows, which are called "spring cows". Give it to all families, this is called "send it to spring". During the Spring Festival, people are used to eating carrots, ginger, onions and bread, which is called "biting spring".

Rain not only indicates the beginning and increase of rainfall, but also indicates the rise of temperature. It was cold before it rained. After the rain, the spring breeze warms up, and pathogenic bacteria and viruses are easy to spread with the wind, so infectious diseases tend to break out in spring. We should protect ourselves, pay attention to exercise, strengthen our resistance and prevent diseases. Diet recuperation should be based on nourishing the spleen and stomach, expelling wind and removing dampness. Because the climate is cold at this time, it can be supplemented appropriately, such as honey, jujube, yam and tremella, which are all suitable for this solar term.

Symbolizing the awakening in early February, all hibernating snakes, insects, rats and ants will be awakened with a flat thunder, and reptiles and ants at home will also get up and look for food everywhere. Therefore, in ancient times, people would smoke the four corners of their homes with incense and wormwood to drive away snakes, insects, mosquitoes, rats and musty smells. Over time, it gradually evolved into the habit of slapping unhappy people and driving away bad luck, which is the predecessor of "beating villains". There is a folk custom of eating pears in shock. In addition, patients with cough can also eat lotus seeds, loquat, Siraitia grosvenorii and other foods to relieve pain. Diet should be light, and it is best not to eat greasy food. Irritating foods such as peppers, onions and garlic should also be eaten less.

Vernal equinox, vernal equinox solar terms are generally on March 20 or 2 1 day of Gregorian calendar. On the day of the vernal equinox, day and night are divided into 65,438+02 hours on average, and the vernal equinox is equally distributed in the three months of spring (from beginning of spring to Changchun). Some people say that "the vernal equinox and the autumnal equinox are equally divided day and night", so the vernal equinox is also called "day and day". Start sweeping graves to worship ancestors, also known as the Spring Festival. In the old days, there was a custom of "eating spring vegetables at the vernal equinox". Spring vegetable is a kind of wild amaranth, also known as wormwood. In Jiangnan, the custom of watching cattle and offering sacrifices to birds is very popular.

Tomb-Sweeping Day has a long history of sweeping graves to worship ancestors, which has become a habit. Sweeping the grave is also called sweeping the grave, offering sacrifices and going to the grave. Tomb-Sweeping Day visited the grave because he was in shock, the vernal equinox had passed, the snow and ice melted and the plants sprouted. People think about the graves of ancestors, whether foxes and rabbits have pierced holes, and whether they will collapse because of the rainy season. So on the one hand, they went to the grave to remove weeds, trim branches and add some shovel to the grave. On this day in ancient times, people got together to make friends, help the old and take care of the young, and went to the suburbs for a good spring outing. Before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day, there were many traditional colorful cultural and sports activities, such as tug-of-war, swinging, flying kites, playing polo and fighting cocks.

Grain Rain, which means "Rain gives birth to hundreds of valleys". In Jiangnan, the peony flower is commonly known as "Grain Rain Flower". Because it blooms on Grain Rain Festival, there is a proverb "Grain Rain visited the peony in three dynasties". Wherever there are flowers, literati and poets visit and hold banquets to enjoy them, which is called the "Flower Festival". For fishermen, the custom of offering sacrifices to the sea is popular in Grain Rain Festival. According to the custom of picking tea in southern Grain Rain, it is said that drinking tea on this day in Grain Rain will clear fire and ward off evil spirits and improve eyesight. Therefore, no matter what the weather is in Grain Rain, people will go to Chashan to pick some new tea to drink.

In the long summer, in the old society, five-color beans such as red beans, soybeans, black beans, mung beans and mung beans were mixed with white rice to cook "five-color rice". Later, it evolved into glutinous rice cooked with Japanese bean meat. The dish consisted of amaranth and yellow croaker soup, which was called "long summer rice". Boiled eggs with black tea or walnut shells are called "long summer eggs" and fed to each other. Weave the egg cover with colored thread and hang it on the child's chest or curtain. Children generally play the game of eating eggs and beating eggs, relying on long summer eggs as a way of playing, and winning by making the eggshell strong but not broken. Summer onset is common abdominal distension, anorexia, fatigue and emaciation in summer, especially in children. Now there are five-color silk ropes for children, which are called "long summer ropes".

Xiaoman, there is a folk proverb "Xiaoman Man River" in southern China, which reflects the climate characteristics of rainy and heavy rainfall in this area. The temperature has obviously increased and the rainfall has increased. The temperature will drop sharply after the rain, so pay attention to adding clothes and don't catch a cold. Xiaoman is the prone period of wet skin diseases, so the diet should be based on refreshing and light vegetarian food, and often eat foods with the function of clearing away dampness and heat, such as red beans, mung beans, wax gourd, cucumber, day lily, cress, auricularia auricula, carrots and tomatoes.

Awn seeds mean that crops with awns like wheat are ripe. The custom of offering sacrifices to the god of flowers on the day of planting awns. There is a custom of boiling plum with ebony, which has existed since the Xia Dynasty. There are many ways to cook plums, among which perilla is added. Mume produced in northern China is very famous. When it is cooked with licorice, hawthorn and rock sugar, it is made into a good summer product-sour plum soup.

The solstice in summer, although the day is the longest and the sun angle is the highest, is not the hottest time of the year. Solstice is the earliest festival in China. Before the Qing dynasty, there was a national festival on the solstice of summer. I went home to reunite with my relatives and have a drink. It is popular in Guangdong that "dogs have nowhere to hide in summer solstice". As long as people eat dog meat in summer solstice, their bodies can resist the invasion of the west wind and rain, catch fewer colds and be healthy. It is based on this beautiful wish that the unique folk food culture of "dog meat from summer to the sun" came into being.

There used to be a custom of "eating new things" in summer, that is, after summer, farmers tasted new rice, ground the newly cut rice into rice, and prepared to worship the food of the five grain gods and ancestors, and then everyone tasted new wine. It is said that "eating new things" means "eating new things", which is the first new day after the summer festival. Cities generally buy a small amount of new rice for cooking in old rice, plus newly listed vegetables. Therefore, there is a folk saying that millet is eaten in summer and grain is eaten in summer. Summer is often the remission period of chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases, while Monopterus albus is warm and sweet, and has the functions of invigorating the middle warmer, benefiting qi, nourishing the liver and spleen, expelling wind and dampness, and strengthening bones and muscles. According to the theory of winter disease and summer tonic, the best food in summer is Monopterus albus. Monopterus albus has higher protein content, more than twice the iron content of carp and yellow croaker, and contains many minerals and vitamins. Monopterus albus can also reduce the concentration of cholesterol in blood, prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases caused by arteriosclerosis, and also have a good effect on diarrhea caused by indigestion.

Summer usually falls on July 22nd or 23rd of the Gregorian calendar. Summer means heat, and summer is the hottest solar term in a year. Make up three or nine in winter and three days in summer. The nutritional components of poultry meat are mainly protein, followed by fat, microorganisms and minerals. Compared with livestock meat, poultry meat is a low-fat and high-protein food, and its protein is also a high-quality protein. Birds such as chickens, ducks and pigeons are the best choice for summer tonic.

Beginning of autumn, usually on August 7th or 8th of the Gregorian calendar. Autumn means that summer is cool and autumn begins. In the early autumn of the Zhou Dynasty, Emperor Tiandi personally led the princes and doctors of San Gong Jiu Qing to the western suburbs to welcome the autumn and hold a sacrificial ceremony. In the Han Dynasty, this custom was followed, and animals were sacrificed to show Qiu Lai's intention to promote martial arts. People have the custom of predicting whether the weather will be cold or hot when they are in beginning of autumn. After the intense heat, most people lost a little weight. With the autumn wind, my appetite is wide open, and I want to eat something good and supplement some nutrition to make up for the loss in summer. Northerners call it "sticking autumn fertilizer". Of course, eating meat is the first choice for eating delicious food. It is said that eating melons in beginning of autumn can avoid diarrhea in winter and the next spring. Autumn is mainly wet and dry, pay attention to autumn fertilizer. In autumn, the weather gradually turns cold, and people often feel that the mouth, nose, skin and other parts have different degrees of dryness. Therefore, they should eat some nutritious, nourishing and juicy food, and eat less spicy and fried food. It is advisable to eat moist, sweet and cold food in autumn. Cold can clear away heat. Sweet food is greasy, which has the functions of urgency, harmony and tonic. Sour food has the functions of astringing, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst. At the same time, Chinese medicine believes that the relationship between lung and autumn qi is very close, so we should eat more foods that can moisten lung and promote fluid production, such as lily, lotus seed, yam, lotus root, Pleurotus ostreatus and tomato.

Every summer, there will be folk activities to celebrate the Central Plains, commonly known as "July 30" or "Central Plains Festival". In the old days, there was a ceremony to open the gate of hell from the beginning of July until the gate of hell closed at the end of the month, and Purdue giving activities were held. It is said that Purdue activities started with the opening of the gate of hell, and then lanterns were erected and river lanterns were set off, causing lonely souls and wild ghosts; The main body is to build Pudu altar, build solitary shed, and intervene in robbing orphans. Finally, it ends with closing the gate of hell. Today, it has become the main activity time for ancestor worship. Sacrificing ancestors to welcome autumn in summer is mostly related to the folk customs before and after the solar terms.

The Millennium is around September 7 of the Gregorian calendar every year. The temperature began to drop and the weather turned cold. Yang Qi reached its peak in the summer solstice, and these two extremes must be reversed, and Yin Qi also rose at this time. When it comes to the White Dew, the yin gradually increases, and the morning dew gradually thickens and condenses into a layer of white water drops, so it is called the White Dew. The Millennium solar term is the beginning of the really cool season. Many people blindly emphasize the tonic of seafood and meat when recuperating their bodies, ignoring seasonal diseases, which have caused harm to themselves and their families. Nasal diseases, asthma and bronchial diseases should be avoided in the Millennium solar terms. Usually, you should eat less or no fish, shrimp and seafood, and stew pickles and spicy, sour, salty and sweet foods.

Entering summer is a solar term that reflects the change of temperature. "Chu" means to hide and die, and "early summer" means that the hot summer has passed. At this time, it is in the alternating period from hot to cold, and it is also the season with frequent diseases. The yang in nature is often converged by venting, and the ups and downs of yin and yang in the human body are also changing. The disadvantaged public should be prepared in advance. The first thing to adjust in autumn is sleep, and we should form a good habit of going to bed early and getting up early.

The Millennium is around September 7 of the Gregorian calendar every year. When it comes to the White Dew, the yin gradually increases, and the morning dew gradually thickens and condenses into a layer of white water drops, so it is called the White Dew. The Millennium solar term is the beginning of the really cool season. Many people blindly emphasize the tonic of seafood and meat when recuperating their bodies, ignoring seasonal diseases, which have caused harm to themselves and their families. Nasal diseases, asthma and bronchial diseases should be avoided in the Millennium solar terms. Especially those diseases caused by physical allergies, we should be more cautious in diet adjustment. All patients with bronchial asthma caused by allergies should eat less or no fish and shrimp, raw and cold braised pickles, spicy, sour, salty and sweet foods, and the most common ones are hairtail, crab, shrimp, chives, yellow flowers and peppers. And light and digestible foods rich in vitamins are appropriate.

The autumnal equinox solar term usually falls on September 22nd or 23rd every year. The climate in the south began to decline from this solar term. According to the lunar calendar, "beginning of autumn" is the beginning of autumn and ends with "the first frost", and the "vernal equinox" is just half of the 90-day journey from beginning of autumn to the first frost. At the autumnal equinox, many areas in our country hold folk activities of "laying eggs vertically". The autumnal equinox solar terms really entered autumn. As a solar term with equal time between day and night, people should also keep the true meaning of the body according to the principle of "Su Wen" and the principle of "Yin and Yang as secrets": "Look carefully at the land of Yin and Yang to make it a peaceful period", and the land of Yin and Yang must not be biased. In order to keep the balance between yin and yang, we must first prevent the invasion of foreign evils. At the same time, the change of dryness, temperature and coolness in autumn is also related to everyone's physique and physical reaction. To prevent cold and dryness, we must persist in exercising, strengthen our physique and improve our disease resistance.

In the cold dew season, Nanling and the vast area to the north have entered autumn, and the northeast and northwest regions have entered or are about to enter winter. In addition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which snows all the year round, snowfall generally begins in northeast and northern Xinjiang. Cold dew diet should be based on a balanced diet of five flavors. According to the individual's specific situation, eating more sweet and moist food can not only replenish the spleen and stomach, but also moisten the lungs and intestines to prevent dry throat. Fruits include pears, persimmons and bananas. Vegetables include carrots, wax gourd, lotus root, tremella and beans, fungi, kelp and seaweed. Eat warm food for breakfast, and it is best to drink hot medicinal porridge, because both japonica rice and glutinous rice have good functions of strengthening the spleen and stomach and invigorating the middle qi, such as sugarcane porridge, Yuzhu porridge, Adenophora adenophora porridge, raw porridge, Yuzhu porridge and so on.

The first frost means that the weather gets cold and it begins to frost. The first frost is the last solar term in autumn when the sun is at 2 10 on the 23rd or 24th of October in the solar calendar. The first frost, health care is particularly important. There is a folk proverb that "it is better to make up the first frost once a year", which shows the influence of this solar term on us. The first frost solar term is the peak period of recurrence of chronic gastritis and gastroduodenal ulcer. The elderly are also very prone to "old cold legs" (knee osteoarthritis), and chronic bronchitis is also prone to recurrence or aggravation. At this time, you should eat more pears, apples, ginkgo, onions and mustard (potherb mustard). Chestnut has the effects of nourishing stomach and strengthening spleen, tonifying kidney and strengthening tendons, promoting blood circulation and stopping bleeding, relieving cough and resolving phlegm, and it is a good tonic at this time. The ancients generally ate mutton and rabbit meat in autumn.

Beginning of winter not only represents the coming of winter, but completely speaking, beginning of winter means the beginning of winter, and everything is collected and kept safe from the cold. Beginning of winter is an important festival in October. During the Han and Wei Dynasties, Emperor Tiandi personally led the ministers to welcome the winter weather, commended and supported the martyrs who died for their country and their families, asked the deceased to save their lives, and encouraged the people to resist the plunder and invasion of foreign invaders or hungry bandits. There are folk customs such as ancestor worship, feasting and predicting the age of ancestors, so as to fulfill the obligations and responsibilities of future generations, and pray that God will give them a bumper year in the coming year, and farmers themselves will also get drinking and drinking. Although there is no such thing as hibernation, there is a folk custom of making up for winter in beginning of winter.

Light snow is a season that reflects weather phenomena. There is little snow, and there is no snow on the ground. This is the original meaning of the solar term "light snow". After a light snow, the temperature plummeted and the weather became dry, which is a good time to process bacon. After the light snow festival, some farmers began to make sausages and bacon and enjoy food during the Spring Festival. Eating Ciba, some places in the south also have the custom of eating Ciba in October of the lunar calendar. In ancient times, Ciba was a traditional festival sacrifice in the south of China, which was originally used by farmers to worship the cow god. There is a saying that "in October, Ciba Shao" refers to sacrificial events.

Heavy snow refers to the beginning time and the degree of heavy snow during this period. Like light snow, rain and Grain Rain, it is a solar term that directly reflects precipitation. At this time, there are many people suffering from colds in northern China. If you can take some Daxue Shun 'an Health Soup, it will be very beneficial to resist the invasion of cold pathogens on the body surface, nose and mouth. The specific methods are as follows: 1. Eat Daxue Health Soup before, during and after heavy snow (17- 19, when the kidney meridian is dominant). The specific method is as follows: 3 grams of Cordyceps sinensis, 250 grams of dog meat, 3 grams of cinnamon, decoction (seasoning can be put), dog meat and soup together. Eliminating cold and tonifying kidney. Second, from the perspective of TCM health, heavy snow is a good time to "tonic". From heavy snow to winter solstice, you can eat the following foods: shredded Chinese wolfberry, fungus and winter melon soup.

The winter solstice, which is now regarded as a big festival, has a proverb that "the winter solstice is as big as a year", and there is also the custom of celebrating the winter solstice. The northern region has the custom of slaughtering sheep and eating jiaozi and wonton from winter solstice, while the southern region has the custom of eating glutinous rice balls and long noodles from winter solstice on this day. There is also the custom of offering sacrifices to heaven and ancestors in winter solstice in various regions.

Slight cold, usually on the 5th or 6th day of the Gregorian calendar 65438+ 10. A slight cold means that the weather is already very cold. There is a folk proverb that "a slight cold makes a hockey". Literally, it seems that the great cold is worse than the slight cold. In fact, in meteorological records, the slight cold period is colder than the severe cold period. People often say that "cold is in the third day, heat is in the third day", and "third day" is within the solar terms of slight cold, so slight cold is the coldest solar term in a year. In this solar term, young people should be careful not to get acne because of overeating greasy and spicy products. When it's a slight cold, old Nanjing usually cooks. The contents of vegetable rice are different, but they are all cooked with glutinous rice, which is very delicious. Guangzhou traditionally eats glutinous rice on a slightly cold morning. In order to avoid being too glutinous, it is generally 60% glutinous rice and 40% fragrant rice.

The Great Cold is the last of the 24 solar terms. Every year around 65438+10.20, when the sun reaches 300, it is a severe cold. It means that the weather is cold and the coldest period is coming. According to the custom of China, especially in rural areas, people are busy going to old cloth and new ones to pickle new year's vegetables and prepare new year's goods every cold festival. During the period from the Great Cold to beginning of spring, there were many important folk customs and festivals. For example, sumptuous food, kitchen sacrifices and New Year's Eve, and sometimes even the Spring Festival, the biggest festival in China, are all in this solar term. The cold solar term is full of joy and festive atmosphere, and it is a cheerful and relaxed solar term.

reference data

Baidu encyclopedia. Baidu Encyclopedia [reference time 20 17- 12-22]