From tradition to modernity

(1) Answer 1: The industrial revolution was limited to the factors of Britain itself. British national cultural tradition of advocating experience; The establishment and development of capitalist system and social stability: freedom of population and capital flow; The establishment of newtonian mechanics. Answer 2: limit the industrial revolution to world factors. China gave up its dominant position in the Indian Ocean; Colonial expansion accelerated the primitive accumulation of capital, Britain; The expansion of overseas markets has triggered a wave of technological innovation. Answer 3: Take into account the British and world factors of the industrial revolution. There are both British factors and world factors. See answer 1 and answer 2.

(2) Reasons: Reformists: it is conducive to the spread of western learning and reduces the resistance to setting up westernization. Conservatives: maintaining the feudal system. Influence: On the one hand, it promoted the development of Westernization Movement and opened the process of modernization in China; On the other hand, it led to the failure of Westernization Movement and the setback of modernization.

(3) copy the Russian revolutionary model and persist in attacking big cities, resulting in damage to revolutionary forces. After the Autumn Harvest Uprising, we combined the universal principles of Marxism with China's revolutionary practice, found the correct road to the victory of China's revolution (Jinggangshan Road), and formed Mao Zedong Thought.