What are the customs of Qianxi and what do the ethnic groups do during the festivities of the Spring Festival?

The Han Chinese are the most populous of the 56 ethnic groups in China, and the most populous ethnic group in the world. The Han Chinese are the inhabitants of the central plains of China, originally known as "Huaxia", who gradually assimilated and integrated with other ethnic groups, and became known as the Han Chinese from the Han Dynasty onwards.　　

The Chinese language belongs to the Sino-Tibetan family of languages and has seven major dialects. Modern Chinese is based on the northern dialects, with the Beijing dialect as the standard. Chinese characters are one of the oldest scripts in the world, with a history of about 6,000 years, gradually evolving into today's square characters from oracle-bone inscriptions and gold inscriptions,*** with more than 40,000 characters, and about 7,000 characters in common use, and are now one of the common international languages. The Han Chinese have not produced a religion that the whole nation must believe in, and some of them believe in Buddhism, Catholicism, Christianity, and so on.

Food Customs

The Han Chinese have a basic dietary structure in which grain crops are the staple food, with a variety of animal foods and vegetables as side dishes. This is a sharp difference from the dietary structure of the western peoples and the Tibetan and Mongolian peoples of China. In addition, the customary dietary system of three meals a day has been formed in the long-term development of the ethnic groups. Three meals a day in the staple food, dishes, drinks with the way, not only has a certain **** homogeneity, but also due to different geographic and climatic environment, the level of economic development, production and living conditions, the formation of a series of specific features.

Staple food

Rice food and noodle food are the two main types of Han staple food, with rice food being the mainstay in the southern and northern regions where rice is grown, and noodle food being the mainstay in the regions where wheat is grown; in addition, other grain crops from various regions, such as maize, sorghum, cereals, and yam crops as miscellaneous grains have also become part of the staple food in different regions. Han staple food production methods are rich and colorful, rice and noodle products, each no less than hundreds of kinds. Now, China's southeast is still dominated by rice food, rice products, such as rice, rice cakes, rice porridge, rice balls, rice noodles, rice patties, dumplings, zongzi, etc.; Northeast, Northwest, North China is dominated by pasta, steamed buns, buns, noodles, pancakes, pies, dumplings, etc. are daily favorite food, and others, such as Shandong pancakes, Shaanxi pan-fried helmets, Shanxi knife-shaved noodles, Northwest China, North China stretched noodles, Sichuan Tan Tan Noodles, Jiangsu over the bridge noodle etc. are all famous noodle flavor food.

Dishes

The Han Chinese have formed many different types of dishes in their dietary practices because they are influenced by a variety of conditions. First of all, the local characteristics of raw materials, such as the southeast coast of a variety of sea food, the northern mountains of a variety of mountain treasures and wild game, the Guangdong area of the folk snake meal snake feast. Second, but also by the living environment and taste constraints. People often Han and other related ethnic food taste is summarized as "southern sweet, northern salty, east spicy, western sour". Although too general and inaccurate, but also reflects the regional differences and distinctions of certain tastes. Once again, the modulation methods of various places, including ingredients, knife work, fire, seasoning, cooking techniques of different requirements and characteristics, are important factors in the formation of the type of dishes. Each region gradually develops into distinctive regional cuisine types based on folk tastes, and finally develops into a more representative cuisine. Converge into the Han food culture of the ocean.

Drinks

Wine and tea are the two main beverages of the Han Chinese. China is the hometown of tea, and China is one of the earliest countries in the world to invent brewing technology. The cultures of wine and tea have a long history in China, and over the past thousands of years, they have formed an indispensable part of the dietary customs of the Han Chinese, and have had a wide influence in the world. In addition to the two main beverages of wine and tea, certain fruits and other products have also become the beverages of people in different regions and seasons.

Festivals

Festival food is rich and colorful. It is often rich in nutrients, pleasing art forms and deep cultural connotations skillfully combined to become a more typical festival food culture. It can be roughly divided into three categories:

One is used as sacrificial offerings. It occupied an important position in the special rituals and celebrations of the court, government, clans and families in the olden times. In most areas of contemporary Han, this phenomenon has long since ended, and only in a few remote areas or some specific occasions, there are still remnants of some symbolic activities.

The second is the specific food products for people to consume on festivals. This is the mainstream of festival food and food customs. For example, on New Year's Eve, the northern families have the habit of wrapping dumplings, while all over the south of the Yangtze River is prevalent in the rice cake, eating rice cake custom, in addition, many areas of the Han Chinese New Year's feasts are often not fish, symbolizing the "yearly surplus". Dragon Boat Festival to eat zongzi custom, inherited for thousands of years. Mid-Autumn Festival mooncakes, implying the blessing of the reunion of relatives and personnel harmony on earth. Others, such as spring cakes and spring rolls eaten at the beginning of spring, the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month, the eighth day of the twelfth month of the lunar calendar to eat Lapa congee, cold food for the Cold Food Festival, the second day of the second month of the lunar calendar to eat pig's head, biting the broad beans, tasting the new festival to eat the new cereal, the wedding festivities in the drinking of the cup of wine, the longevity of life banquets of life peaches, birthday peach, birthday cake, etc., are all festival customs of the special food and food customs with special connotations.

Beliefs, taboos in the diet of the Han Chinese more in the first, second and third day of the first month of the birth taboo, that is, the New Year's food more than in the old calendar year before the cooked, three days after the festival only need to return to the pot. Thought cooked is smooth, raw is reverse, and thus some places before the year will be ready for everything, the festival three days between the immobile knife cut said. Again, some areas of Henan to the third day of the first month for the birthday of the grain, this day avoid eating rice, otherwise it will lead to grain production; the past in the women's reproductive period of the various dietary taboos are more. Such as the Han people in many areas of women during pregnancy to avoid eating rabbit meat, that eat rabbit meat born of the child will be born hare lip; there are places to ban fresh ginger, because ginger shape more fingers, lest the child's hands and feet out of the six fingers. In the past, the Han women did not give birth to more than avoid eating dog meat, dog meat is considered unclean, and food is easy to incur obstetrics