What are the specific classifications of commercial real estate?

Commercial real estate classification

1. Traditional store

The initial embryonic form of commercial real estate is hair salons, restaurants and convenience stores that serve people's daily lives. They serve ordinary residents, and their services are relatively complete, with the basic purpose of satisfying people's daily life. The primitive form of this commercial real estate is all over the city. Because of its great flexibility, it is still the first choice and development foundation for investors. At present, more than half of investors still love traditional shops when they invest for the first time, but their scale is generally small and their ability to resist risks is low.

2. Professional market

Professional market is the product of market segmentation, and it firmly occupies a corner of the commercial market with the advantages of complete varieties of some products. Professional markets such as computer city, digital plaza and decorative home have emerged one after another. This kind of market is generally around the city, and the requirements for the region are not very high, but the "cluster effect" is emphasized. Scale means popularity, and popularity means business spirit.

3. Comprehensive commercial market in downtown area

The comprehensive commercial market in the city center is basically located in the traditional business district in the city center. The heavy commercial atmosphere and consumers' consumption habits ensure that this commercial market will always stand at the front end of commercial real estate and be a "barometer" of urban commercial development. Generally located in the center of the city, the non-replicability of the port has become a decisive factor. It is a place for consumers' consumption habits, which ensures its super purchasing index. However, the high housing prices and operating costs of such commercial markets have also discouraged many "favored people".

4. Community Business Center

Community commercial centers such as community supermarkets and shopping malls meet people's demand for nearby consumption, but this kind of consumption is often dominated by daily consumer goods, and there is still a gap between the grade and the comprehensive commercial market in the city center, but convenience is its "killer".

5. Leisure and holiday business

The pace of life of modern people is getting faster and faster, and people generally feel great pressure. They are eager to relax physically and mentally, to stay away from the hustle and bustle of the city and return to nature. Therefore, the leisure commercial real estate model is booming, but the customer base is not stable in the current form, and the stability of the customer base is directly related to its success or failure.

6. Commercial and residential office buildings

The emergence of commercial and residential office buildings is the product of the rapid development of modern society, which integrates office and accommodation, making "home" office a reality. For many small and medium-sized companies, it is an "expedient measure", but it is generally more modern and conforms to the fast-paced and fashionable consumption habits of young people. The commercial and residential office buildings represented by SOHO are its typical representatives.

7. Grade A office building

As an advanced form of commercial real estate, the Grade A office market has a large vacancy, but the prospect is also bright.

8. MALL, a large commercial center

Financial regional center, activity center, consumption center, distribution center and management center are integrated into one, and there are "one-stop" supporting services for shopping, leisure and food consumption.

02

Retail business classification

According to the structural characteristics of retail stores, China's retail formats are divided into nine types: department stores, large-scale comprehensive shopping malls, supermarkets, convenience stores, specialty stores, shopping centers, home centers and warehouse stores.

1. structural characteristics of department store format

(1) Counter sales and optional (open-shelf) sales are combined.

(2) The product structure is complete, with small batch and high gross profit, mainly engaged in men's wear, women's wear, children's wear, clothing, materials and household items.

(3) Pricing sales can be returned, and there are service items and facilities such as shopping guide, catering and entertainment places, with complete service functions.

(4) The factory site is located in the bustling area of the city and the main traffic arteries.

(5) The business circle is large, and the floating population is generally the main sales target.

(6) The store is large, with an area of more than 5,000 square meters.

(7) The store facilities are luxurious and the store is elegant and lively.

(8) The target customers are middle and high-end consumers and young people pursuing fashion.

2. Characteristics of supermarket format structure

(1) adopts the mode of on-demand sales, with separate entrances and exits and unified settlement at the exit cashier.

(2) Commodities with high frequency of purchase are the main commodities, and the commodities operated should be mainly meat, eggs, fruits, aquatic products, frozen foods, non-staple food seasonings, cereals and oils and their products, milk and dairy products, cooked food and daily necessities.

(3) The site is located in residential areas, traffic arteries and commercial areas.

(4) The business circle is narrow, with residents as the main sales target.

(5) The storefront area is more than 500 square meters.

(6) The target customers are mainly residents.

3. Large-scale comprehensive supermarket

(1) adopt the optional sales mode and chain operation mode.

(2) The products are complete in food, clothing, housing and transportation, and pay attention to the brand development of this enterprise.

(3) There is a parking lot suitable for the business area of the store.

(4) The target customers are residents with high shopping frequency.

(5) The business circle is large.

(6) The business area of the store is generally more than 2,500 square meters.

(7) The site is located in the urban-rural fringe, residential areas and major traffic arteries.

4. Features of convenience store format structure

(1) Open-shelf selection is the main choice, and the settlement can be made at the cashier at the import (or export) place, and the chain operation mode can be adopted.

(2) The characteristics of commodity structure are obvious, such as instant consumption, small capacity and emergency.

(3) Located in residential areas, highways, stations, hospitals, entertainment places, organs, organizations, enterprises and institutions.

(4) The business circle is narrow, and it is generally set within 5-7 minutes of residents' walking shopping.

(5) The business area of the store is about 100 square meter, and the utilization rate of the business area is high.

(6) The commodity price of convenience stores is slightly higher than that of general retail formats.

5. Characteristics of the business structure of specialty stores

(1) Chain operation can also carry out fixed price sales and open-shelf face-to-face sales.

(2) The commodity structure is professional, deep, rich in varieties and wide in choice, with a certain type of commodity as the main one.

(3) Diversified locations, most of which are located in bustling business districts, shopping streets or department stores and shopping centers.

(4) The business area depends on the characteristics of the main commodities.

(5) The target market is mostly mobile customers, mainly to meet consumers' selective demand for certain commodities.

6. Large specialty stores

(1) adopts the combination of on-demand sales and face-to-face sales.

(2) It mainly sells a certain type or several types of goods, with complete varieties and wide choice. (3) The site is located near the regional center, suburban areas, major traffic routes and large residential areas, which conforms to the urban planning.

(4) The radiation radius of commercial services is more than 5 kilometers, and the target customers are mainly mobile customers who purposefully choose a certain commodity.

(5) The business area is more than 3,000 square meters.

(6) Set up a parking lot not less than 50% of the business area, and provide relevant technologies and services.

7. Characteristics of shopping center format structure

(1) is established by the sponsors in a planned way and managed by a commercial company. There is a store management Committee in the center to carry out advertising and other activities and implement unified management.

(2) The internal structure consists of stores with department stores or supermarkets as the core, as well as specialty stores, specialty stores, catering and entertainment facilities and other retail formats.

(3) The service function is complete, integrating retail, catering and entertainment. According to the sales area, set up a parking lot of corresponding size.

(4) The location is the traffic artery in the central business district or the urban-rural fringe.

(5) Business circle depends on different business scales and commodities.

(6) The facilities are luxurious, the shops are elegant, spacious and bright, and the store lease system is implemented.

(7) Target customers, mainly mobile customers.

(8) According to the location and business circle, shopping centers can be divided into neighborhood type, community type, regional type and super-regional type.

03

Store classification

1. Classification by development form

(1) commercial street shops

Commercial street refers to a single-storey or multi-storey commercial real estate form arranged in a plane form according to the shape of the street. Pavements on both sides of the street and shops in commercial buildings belong to commercial street shops. Types include building materials, auto parts, clothing boutique street, bar street, beauty products street and so on.

What is closely related to the development of commercial streets is commercial street shops, and the operation of commercial street shops depends entirely on the operation of the whole commercial street: most investors in well-run commercial streets have already made rich profits; Poor commercial streets naturally make investors, shop tenants and shop operators face losses.

(2) Market stores

Refers to all kinds of commercial buildings used for the wholesale, retail and operation of certain or comprehensive commodities, some of which are single-storey buildings and most of which are multi-storey buildings. Shops in this kind of market are what we call market shops.

Market shops occupy a relatively high proportion in the retail industry, and there are a large number of professional wholesale and retail markets engaged in certain commodity business all over the country, such as book trading market, electronic market, household appliances market, furniture city, building materials city and so on.

(3) Community stores

Community stores refer to commercial shops located in residential areas, and their business targets are mainly residents of residential areas.

The main forms of community shops are commercial buildings with 1-3 floors or shops at the bottom of buildings. Some pavements can be directly opened to the public, but most of them are bunks.

(4) Residential underground shops

Shops on the first floor of a residential building refer to commercial shops located on the first floor of a residential building (including floors 1, 2 and 1, 2, or part of them).

The ground floor residential shops are a form of investment that the market is extremely concerned about and investors are keen on. For the investors of residential shops at the bottom, in view of the stable customer flow brought by the buildings above the residential shops at the bottom, the future customer base of residential shops will be relatively reliable, in other words, the investment risk of investors is relatively small.

(5) department stores and shopping centers

Stores in department stores and shopping centers refer to stores in department stores and various shopping centers. The operation of department stores and various shopping centers has a direct and far-reaching impact on the operation of shops inside. At present, there are many such projects in operation in China, and there are also many large-scale ShoppingMall projects under development and construction in many large and medium-sized cities in China.

(6) Commercial buildings and office buildings

Commercial buildings and office buildings refer to commercial spaces such as hotels, commercial and residential apartments, clubs, clubs, exhibition centers and office buildings for commercial purposes. This kind of shop is relatively small in scale, but its commercial value deserves attention.

(7) Traffic facilities store

Traffic facilities shops refer to shops located in and around subway stations, railway stations, airports and other traffic facilities, as well as various small and medium-sized shops on both sides of the road.

The above is the division of shops according to their development patterns. This classification method is convenient for investors to understand the types of shop projects from the perspective of development forms, and to establish an understanding based on development concepts for shops with different development forms.

2. Classification according to investment value

As a new form of real estate investment, shops' profitability and investment value are undoubtedly the most concerned issues for shop investors. If the investment value of the invested shops is not high, it will at least mean short-term failure for shop investors. The price of ordinary houses in Beijing is more than twice that of apartments, four times that of oriental ginza and 10 times that of Hongkong. The price of commercial blocks should be 2 to 3 times that of residential buildings, while the price of shops in core business districts can reach 3 to 5 times that of residential buildings.

04

The main forms of community commerce

Foreign community commerce is established to adapt to the suburbanization of urban residents and has the function of meeting the comprehensive needs of community residents such as shopping, service and entertainment.

The goods provided by community shopping centers include convenience goods and optional goods, mainly including groceries, food, clothing, shoes and hats, furniture, home appliances, building materials, medicines, jewelry, gifts, alcohol and so on. The grade of goods should be determined according to the economic situation of the community they serve, and generally middle-grade goods are the main ones.

Service functions include public utilities such as banks, postal services, telecommunications, libraries, police stations and medical centers, as well as daily services such as dry cleaning, shoe repair, tailoring and car washing. Community business center is also a place for people's leisure and entertainment, providing many popular entertainment facilities, such as sculpture, skating rink, cinema, gym, photography, travel agency and so on.

In addition, all kinds of catering services are also one of the functions of community business centers. Fast food, bars and cafes not only solve the problem of eating in the process of shopping and entertainment, but also are good places for friends to date and relax.

05

Various modes of shopping malls

1. According to the background of the developer and the management mode of the shopping center (including self-operated ratio):

Property shopping center, property Moore shopping mall, department store, chain Moore shopping mall, etc.

2. According to the size of the mall:

Super shopping center/city shopping center, large shopping center, medium shopping center and small shopping center.

3. According to the positioning grade of the shopping center.

High-end goods, high-end goods, middle and low-end goods, etc.