How to learn China Opera?

The first stage: practice your breath first, and then make a sound. The research data show that under normal circumstances, people breathe 16- 19 times per minute, and each breath takes about 3 or 4 seconds. When singing, one breath is sometimes extended by more than ten seconds, and the inhalation time is short and the exhalation time is long. Therefore, to master the essentials of keeping breath in the lungs and exhaling slowly, we must first do it: (. The key points are: first learn to "store gas", first compress gas to discharge waste gas, then treat the gap between the nose and the tip of the tongue as "sniffing flowers", breathe freely naturally and lightly until it is full, then sink into the abdomen, slowly relax the chest ribs, and make the gas exhale slowly like a long stream of water, and breathe evenly. The longer the control time, the better. Repeat the exercise 4-6 times. (2) "Deep Breathing and Slow Breathing Digital Practice" We call the first step "Suction and Push". The breath of "sucking" is inward, and the breath of "pushing" is outward and downward. At the same time, we do breathing extension exercises. We recommend three training methods: a. Counting exercise: "Suction" is the same as before. While "pushing", count the number "123456789 10" softly and quickly, and count it repeatedly until you run out of gas, and see how many times you can count it repeatedly. B. "Counting the dates" exercise: "Sucking" is the same as before. At the same time of "pushing", I whispered, "Go out of the east gate and cross the bridge. There is a jujube under the bridge. Hit dates with bamboo poles. A jujube is more green and less red (full of breath). One date, two dates, three dates, four dates, five dates, five dates ... until this breath runs out, see how many dates you can count. Repeat 4-6 times. C. "Counting the gourd" exercise: "Suction" is the same as before. At the same time of "pushing", read softly: "Golden gourd, silver gourd, one breath is only 24 gourds (full breath), one gourd, two gourds, three gourds ..." Repeat this breathing for 4-6 times until you are exhausted. Count the numbers, "jujube" and "gourd" to control the breath, so the more you practice, the more you control it. Never run out of breath. There will be pain in the abdomen at first, and after a period of practice, you will consciously make great progress. (3) After the breathing practice of "deep breathing, slow breathing and long tone practice", the voice began to gradually join. This exercise is still based on practicing qi, supplemented by vocalization. At the same time, choose a middle and low-pitched area, where boys pronounce "ah" gently (loud "ah" is consistent with practicing qi) and girls pronounce "yi" gently (small voice pronounces "yi" to make it. Hold it in one breath, and the sound outlet is cylindrical and wavy, which can be long or long and can be practiced repeatedly. (4) "Breathing practice" This is a half-practice of sound and breath. Put your hands on your waist or protect your abdomen. Hold your breath in your abdomen, and at the same time rush out to your forehead and throat and make a sound. The sound is dominated by bass, which is elastic. The abdomen and diaphragm are stretched and ejected at the same time. We introduce three exercises: A. Hold your breath and quickly "scratch, scratch" (repeatedly) in your mouth. When the sound is used up, there will be a "bang" staccato. Repeat 4-6 times. B Stretch your feet in one breath, first slowly, then quickly pronounce "hahaha"-(repetition) (acceleration) hahaha ... "Practice has explosive staccato, and" haha ... "Laughter," aha "and" ahem "are often used in singing. C. Stretch your feet in one breath, slowly and then quickly pronounce "hey-rough, hey-rough" (repeated and gradually accelerated) and "hey-rough, hey-rough ..." until your strength is exhausted, and practice repeatedly. After this stage of practice, qi is the foundation of sound, and qi is the handsome breath of sound. The "place where qi can accommodate" has been basically excited and active, while sound has been brewing protection. On this basis, you can begin to prepare for the sound practice. The second stage: the practice of qi, sound and words. Opera actors, especially Beijing opera actors, including opera lovers, are prone to make mistakes when practicing their voices. They wish they couldn't shout out a loud and bright voice soon, and rushing to shout high notes, yelling fiercely or even shouting indiscriminately often backfired. When we study vocal music practice, it is beneficial to practice the breath first, and we need to make clear a gradual law and persevere. In this third stage, we suggest that we should not rush to climb scales and shout high notes, but practice from the combination of qi, sound and words. The relationship between them should be arranged in this order: qi is sound, sound is cavity, cavity is word, word is word, and word is emotion. From this order, we can see that the position of the word is in the center, the sound and cavity are in front, and the word and emotion are in the back. If it crashes, the whole game will be lost. The truthfulness of pronunciation determines the roundness of sound, and it is this principle that "words speak for themselves". The relationship between words, sounds and qi in shouting practice should be that "qi" is fully supported, "sound" is accurately recognized, and "words" are truly bitten. The specific methods are as follows: enlarge and slow down the prefix, abdomen and suffix with Chinese pinyin, practice pronunciation with Chinese characters, and then speed up, while practicing the flexibility of mouth, lips, teeth, tongue and throat. (1) Lip sound practice: (Slow down first, enlarge and read it again, and gradually speed up to tongue twister) 811 marks, one soldier and one rush-one gun and one cannon company on the north slope, one soldier is afraid of one mark, one soldier is afraid of one mark, and one soldier is afraid of one gun and one cannon. (Method as above) Four-four-ten-ten, fourteen is-not practicing forty speaking-fourteen, ③ tongue sounds (method as above). Sixty-six-year-old Liu Laoliu pushes six or six big oil baskets, sixty-six weeping willows and sixty-six big horse monkeys tied. (4) throat exercise (the method is the same as above) There are tigers in front of the mountain and monkeys at the foot of the mountain. Tigers drive away monkeys, and monkeys beat tigers. Tigers can't drive out monkeys, and monkeys can't fight tigers. (5) Tongue pronunciation practice (method as above) There is a lame man in the south of the street, holding a plate in his right hand and eggplant in his left hand; There was a gap in the street. A nail tripped the lame man and the plate in his right hand fell off. Left hand threw eggplant. The wind (Middle East) urges (ashes) to go in summer (Zhou Su) (July 17). A lotus flower (Sobo) and a flower (in full bloom) say thank you (oblique). Autumn (begging) is cool (Jiangyang). A cloud (people's birthday) is tall (far). A wild goose is east (. At this time, chanting and singing are unaccompanied, and singing is more difficult and demanding. In the third stage, you have the spirit, sound and words at the bottom, and you climb up step by step. Your voice is not tired, and your practice is effective and you have a great grasp. (1) Poetry is usually composed of fixed field poems from all walks of life. Because the role has just come to power, it is necessary to make a first impression on the audience, so that they will not talk and be quiet. Therefore, it is necessary to be high-pitched and calm, and it is a self-analysis of the role's own interests and ambitions. It has a strong sense of rhythm and must be practiced well, suitable for shouting, practicing and practicing. For example, in Mi Fei's poem "Drumming Cao", "The mouth is like a river and the flow is like a stream. All rely on the tip of the tongue to suppress the princes. How can a man be a giant? He should look for a seal with a smile "; Another example is Yue Fei's pastoral poem, "Bright Ming Jia shoots the bullfighting palace, ethereal banners cover the sun, the tiger is towering in the same column as the generals of the Ming government, and the male corrects his horse like a dragon." In the morning when everything wakes up and everything is renewed, you can practice your voice to the fullest. (2) Singing method: it has the characteristics of white singing, half singing and half singing coordinating with each other. It is more difficult than reciting poems, its emotions are more suitable for expression, its melody is more suitable for stretching, and it is only used for shouting and vocalization. Half-singing is like an introduction. For example, in the first half of "Cosmic Front", Zhao sang "The cuckoo cries branches, and blood and tears are dark and sad." Another example is Yang's "Cao Cao (semi-chanting)", "Alone (chanting) alone in the sky, Miao Rong was built early, (semi-chanting) helped Hanzuo exist in name only, (chanting) Wei moved the times." Sing directly, such as "Qin Qiong sells horses", "The hero of the Han Dynasty is trapped in heaven, I don't know when he will return to his hometown", or "Old, old and childless" in "Qingfengge", "Listening to his mother's whining, he must have lost his love for Joule". ③ Reciting poems in Beijing and Bai (Putonghua): practice reciting words for modern drama performances, such as using the melody of the poem "Poems of Chairman Mao", "You are not a hero if you don't reach the Great Wall". For example, reading some classic quotations of modern drama, such as "Rice seedlings meet the rain after a long drought, never forget" and "Chiba is bitter", are all good materials for shouting and practicing. Traditional large-scale chanting and some penetrating exercises can also exercise breath and sound at this stage. The fourth stage: arc vocal practice, which is a very unique vocal skill in Beijing opera. It's like jumping in dance, jumping up, squatting down and jumping up, and also like shot put in sports. It turns up, retracts and then throws, breath and sound push out to form a/shape, parabola, pulls back and then throws. Ruwusheng: ah/cough/raucous voice: ma/lai/hualian: wine/oh/lai/ugly: ah/ha/tsing yi: bitter/wow/Rong/bing/this kind of double-arc tone is very easy to produce "bifurcation", "turn" or "beep" if it is not practiced well. Yin Gui Guiyun needs hard practice and mastery. The fifth stage: climbing scales and practicing "Ga tune", "Turn high" and "Gao Qiang" are indispensable in singing, which we call difficult tune. Practice this sound in the practice of shouting. Be careful not to practice more. The key is to find a way to find a position. If you shout hard, all the previous exercises will be useless and your voice will be hurt. When practicing this sound, it is forbidden to squeeze, jam, pinch, press, force or hit hard. The old gentleman said, "If you want to sing a high word, you don't have to shout it back (which makes it difficult for me to shout), but if you make the word narrow, sharp and deep, your voice will be high ... When you meet a high word, you will breathe out ... then the listener will be clear and bright, and the singer will not have any troubles." There are tips and methods here, which should be explored and explored according to your actual situation.