What are the characteristics of soil testing and formula fertilization in orchard?

The nutritional characteristics of fruit trees are different from those of field crops and vegetable crops, so the technology of soil testing and formula fertilization in orchard is more complicated and more difficult to operate than that of field crops and vegetables.

1. It is difficult to collect soil and plant samples.

Because the individual and root distribution of most fruit trees is different from that of field crops and vegetables, the spatial variation of aboveground plants and roots is great, so the requirements for collecting plant and soil samples are high, and the nutrient determination results can not well reflect the nutritional status of fruit trees because of unreasonable sampling methods. This must first ensure the representativeness of sampling.

2. The correlation between soil nutrient test results and plant growth is poor.

Most fruit trees have the characteristics of storage nutrition, and their growth and yield are not only affected by fertilization and soil nutrient supply in the current year, but also by fertilization and soil nutrient supply in the last season. Therefore, the correlation between the test results of soil nutrients and the growth status of fruit trees in that year is not as good as that of field crops, which requires fruit trees to pay more attention to the long-term effect of soil testing and formula fertilization, and pay more attention to the early field management. At the same time, it also requires that the corresponding field experiments of fruit trees must take a long time (3-5 years or even longer).

3. The management level of fruit farmers varies greatly.

The growth of fruit trees is often alternately vegetative growth and reproductive growth. Even under the same soil nutrients and fertilization conditions, the difference of fruit farmers' management level will affect the yield and quality, and at the same time affect the evaluation of fertilization effect of fruit trees. Therefore, it is very necessary to choose orchards with consistent management level, tree age, tree body and growth as far as possible in the experimental study of soil testing and formula fertilization in orchards.