How to divide direct financial instruments and indirect financial instruments, and according to what standards?

(1) Financial instruments are divided into short-term financial instruments and long-term financial instruments according to the term length. (2) According to financing methods, financial instruments can be divided into direct financing instruments and indirect financing instruments. (3) Financial instruments can be divided into debt instruments, equity instruments and mixed instruments according to the rights possessed by investors. (1) a bond is a certificate of creditor's rights and debts issued by the debtor to the creditor, which pays interest within a certain period of time and returns the principal at maturity, and specifies the issuer, face value, term and interest rate of the bond. According to the different issuers, bonds can be divided into three categories: corporate bonds, national bonds and financial bonds. (2) Preferred stock and common stock A shares, B shares, H shares and N shares; (3) Transferable corporate bonds; (4) Securities investment funds can be divided into three categories according to the functions of financial instruments: the first category is instruments used for investment and financing, such as stocks and bonds; The second category is financial instruments used to pay and facilitate the circulation of goods, mainly referring to various bills; The third category is instruments used for hedging and speculation, such as options, futures and other derivative financial instruments.