China's policy on food waste?

You may not imagine that China has amazing food waste besides the dining table.

When it comes to food waste in China, many people naturally think that most of the wasted food is on the dining table. Zheng Zeng, a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and a professor at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, has calculated that China consumers only dump about 200 million people's food or rations every year in the catering consumption of restaurants above medium scale; All kinds of schools and collective canteens above designated size in China dump at least 30 million people's food every year; Individuals and families in China may waste about11000 billion Jin of grain every year, which is equivalent to150,000 people's annual rations. However, the food wasted on the dining table in our country is far from all wasted food, and the amount of food wasted outside the dining table, such as food storage, storage, transportation and farmers' processing, is equally amazing.

Because of poor conditions and lack of technical guidance, farmers lost 40 billion Jin in grain storage.

After grain harvest, an important link is farmers' storage of grain. In 20 13, the total national grain output was about120 billion Jin, and farmers' grain storage accounted for about half of the total national grain output. Due to poor storage facilities, insufficient drying capacity and lack of technical guidance services, the annual loss rate caused by insects, molds, rats and birds is about 8%. According to accounting, the annual grain loss wastes about 40 billion Jin.

The storage and transportation of backward grain depots lost another 654.38+0.5 billion Jin.

China's grain transportation is still dominated by packaged transportation, which leads to serious waste.

China's grain enterprises have nearly 240 billion Jin of warehouses, which are dangerous warehouses with poor storage conditions and great losses, with losses exceeding 654.38+0.5 billion Jin. As evidence, the "5.3 1" fire accident occurred in the warehouse directly under Lin Dian on 20 13. At that time, more than 40,000 tons of grain were burned, resulting in a direct economic loss of RMB 3.079 million.

In terms of transportation, China's grain transportation mode is backward and specialized transportation tools are in short supply. Most of the grain transportation adopts the traditional transportation mode of packaged grain, that is, sacks and plastic woven bags are basically used, which are unpacked and scattered in the storage link and then converted into packaging in the transit transportation link, so that the loss rate caused by leakage of packaged grain in the process of loading, unloading, transportation and packaging is as high as 5%.

In the whole storage and transportation process, the loss is about 654.38+0.5 billion Jin.

"Eating too much" also wasted 654.38+0.5 billion Jin of grain.

According to statistics, at present, the processing of grain generally exceeds the quality standards stipulated by the state-in the past, rice was simply cleaned after processing and hulling, but now consumers demand "bright and beautiful", and most rice will be polished or even polished many times. The more polished the same amount of rice, the less rice products will be produced, which will not only lose the nutritional components of food, but also significantly reduce the yield. The Rice Branch of China Grain Industry Association has calculated that taking 20% of the rice processed into special rice as an example, China loses about 8 billion Jin of rice every year, which is equivalent to the annual output of nearly10 million mu of paddy fields and the annual rations of more than 20 million people. If it is not controlled, the market share of polished rice will continue to increase, and the biggest loss of rice will reach 40 billion Jin, which is equivalent to the annual ration of about 65.438+300 million people and the annual output of 40 million mu of fertile land. According to the latest data from the Ministry of Agriculture, the annual loss of grain in processing has reached more than 654.38+0.5 billion Jin.

In addition, although the level of mechanized harvesting in China has been continuously improved, and the comprehensive mechanization level of crop planting and harvesting in China has reached 59.5% in 20 13 years, at present, only wheat crops in China have basically achieved full mechanization, and there is still a gap between the mechanization level of corn and rice. This leads to the lack of harvesting capacity of grain crops in China, which often leads to the germination and mildew of grain in rainy days, and also causes a lot of losses and waste.

Faced with the huge waste outside the table, why don't many people realize it?

Grain output is a political achievement, and few officials care about reducing waste.

Is it because China does not pay enough attention to grain production that such a large amount of waste is ignored? I'm afraid no one will agree with this statement. From 2004 to 20 14, the annual No.1 document of the Central Committee focused on agriculture, countryside and farmers, and the No.1 document of the Central Committee has long been synonymous with the central government's emphasis on agriculture. At present, China has initially formed a grain subsidy policy system with direct grain subsidy, comprehensive agricultural subsidy, improved seed subsidy, agricultural machinery purchase subsidy and minimum purchase price policy as the main contents. However, this grain subsidy system, which pays more attention to the quantity of grain production and the policy orientation of grain production, will only make more local officials pay attention to how to improve grain production, take pride in becoming a "ton grain county" and a "ton grain city", and even want to use it as the capital for promotion, so it is difficult to invest limited funds in improving grain storage and logistics.

Therefore, although some countries call for waste, such as "CD action", it is difficult to evaluate and has little effect on curbing waste. The waste outside the table, which has little to do with consumers, is even less concerned by many officials. This is the same reason that most cities in China are scrambling to build skyscrapers, but the underground drainage network has been neglected for a long time.