Briefly describe the human history of Shandong.

Shandong is one of the cradles of ancient civilization in China. At present, the earliest Shandong people are "Yiyuan people", which can push the history of Shandong to four or five hundred thousand years ago. The northern new culture in the early and middle Neolithic period is about 8000 years ago. The world-famous Dawenkou culture and Longshan culture at the end of primitive society were first discovered in Shandong.

Since the Xia Dynasty, Shandong has entered the slave society. Before the establishment of Shang Dynasty, Shandong was the center of business activities, and the capital was moved to Shandong three times out of five in the early Shang Dynasty. After the establishment of Shang Dynasty, Shandong remained its ruling center. The Western Zhou Dynasty implemented the policy of "sealing the country". Lu Shang was sealed in Qi, Lu, Cao, Teng, Wei and other countries.

Qi's "trade and industry, the benefits of fish and salt, the people return more"; Lu is a "state of etiquette", which combines Zhou culture and oriental culture. As the two pillars of the Zhou Dynasty, Qi and Lu achieved rapid economic and cultural development, which had a great impact on the development of local history in Shandong in the future.

Brief introduction of physical geography in Shandong.

Shandong is 72 1.03 km long from east to west and 437.28 km long from north to south. The territory includes peninsula and inland. Shandong Peninsula stands out among the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea, and is far opposite to Liaodong Peninsula. The inland part borders Hebei, Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces from north to south. The land area of the whole province is 155800 square kilometers, and the ocean area is 159600 square kilometers. The provincial capital is Jinan.

Shandong, as a geographical concept at first, mainly refers to Xiaoshan, Huashan or the vast area of the Yellow River basin east of Taihang Mountain. In the eighth year of Jin Dading (1 168), Shandong East Road and Shandong West Road were established, and Shandong East Road was set as the military department. "Shandong" is the name of the administrative region. In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368), Shandong Province was established. Shandong Province was established in the early Qing Dynasty, and "Shandong" became the proper name of this province.

Refer to the above? Shandong provincial government-a brief history