Synthesis Methods of Metal-Organic Framework Materials

The usual synthesis methods for MOFs are not significantly different from conventional inorganic synthesis methods. Evaporation-solvent methods, diffusion methods (which can be subdivided into gas-phase diffusion, liquid-phase diffusion, gel diffusion, etc.), hydrothermal or solvent-thermal methods, ultrasonication, and microwave methods can be used for the synthesis of MOFs.

Among these methods, hydrothermal or solvothermal methods are the most important, and most MOFs are synthesized by hydrothermal or solvothermal methods. The hydrothermal or solvent-thermal method belongs to the category of liquid-phase chemical method, which refers to the chemical synthesis method carried out under high temperature and high pressure in a sealed pressure vessel with water as the solvent.