Introduction to Taekwondo

Taekwondo is a Korean fighting skill, which is famous for flying kicks. The name Taekwondo comes from the Korean words "Taekwondo" (kicking), "Boxing" (boxing) and "Dao" (the art and principle of fighting). Another book of the same name, Taekwondo. Taekwondo (Korean: Taek Won Do) is a popular martial art on the Korean peninsula and a Korean national sport that uses hand and foot techniques to fight. It consists of quality (tel), confrontation, breakthrough and special effects. Taekwondo is a unique martial art through innovation and development, which has high practical value of self-defense and physical fitness. Through competitions, quality and skill tests and other sports forms, practitioners can enhance their physique, master skills and cultivate indomitable will. Mainly divided into the World Taekwondo Federation (WTF) and the International Taekwondo Federation (ITF) and other non-governmental Taekwondo organizations.

Noun parsing

TAE (Tae) means kicking and bumping; Right, with his fist; Tao is an artistic method. Taekwondo is an artistic method of using fists and feet. It is a kung fu with footwork as the mainstay, and footwork accounts for 70%. There are 24 sets of taekwondo routines; In addition, there are weapons, capture, lock and fall, self-defense and anti-disassembly, and so on 10. Taekwondo is a Korean martial art developed from East Asian culture. It takes the oriental mind as the soil, inherits a long-standing tradition and is based on the martial spirit of "starting with ceremony and ending with ceremony".

Literally, it can be seen that it is a kind of martial arts fighting with both hands and feet, but in some competitive competitions, such as the Olympic Games, some techniques, especially hand skills, are restricted for reasons such as protecting athletes and enhancing the appreciation of the competition. The specific requirement is that the hand attack action can only use the straight fist, and can only attack the position where the trunk part is protected by the protective gear.

The Origin of Taekwondo

Before 1955, there was no word Taekwondo in Korea, and the main martial arts in Korea were karate, Tang Shoudao and a few Taekwondo heels. 19 10-1945 During Japan's colonial rule in Korea, a large number of young Korean students went to Japan to study, received systematic karate training at Songtao Pavilion in Japan, and obtained corresponding positions. 1945, 15 In August, after Japan's defeat, South Korea gained national independence, the ban on folk martial arts was abolished, and a large number of karate and Tang Shoudao gymnasiums sprang up like mushrooms after rain. During this period, in order to get rid of the negative impact of Japan's colonial rule for more than 30 years and reshape the national spirit, early Korean karate communicators combined taekwondo with karate, which was called Tang Shoudao. And the first batch of Korean Taoist temples appeared, which was the later Jiudaoguan.

The word "Taekwondo" was named by South Korean General Cui Hongxi in 1955. When General Cui Hongxi was studying in Japan in his early years, he studied karate from Songtao Pavilion in Japan, and blended with traditional Korean martial arts such as kicking and fighting into Taekwondo. Therefore, you can see several manual movements of Songtaoge in the routine of Taekwondo. In a word, modern Taekwondo is one of the Korean Wushu sports which combines contemporary East Asian Wushu skills.

trait

Taekwondo is dominated by legs, supplemented by hands, mainly in the use of leg techniques. Leg method is the dominant attack method in Taekwondo, accounting for about 3/4 in the overall application, because the length and strength of the leg are the longest and largest in the human body, followed by the hand. Leg moves are varied, which can be high or low, near or far, left or right, straight or soft, and can be rotated or turned, which is extremely threatening and is an effective and practical method to defeat the enemy.

Edit this paragraph Taekwondo etiquette

The "etiquette" in Taekwondo is the concrete embodiment of the basic spirit of Taekwondo. Taekwondo practice is carried out in the form of fighting between two sides, but no matter how intense, because both sides aim at improving their skills and tempering their will, they should hold the psychology of showing respect and learning to each other in their own hearts. Therefore, we must salute each other before and after practice or competition, which is the martial spirit of "starting with ceremony and ending with ceremony" advocated by Taekwondo. Etiquette is an essential and very important part of Taekwondo.

sense of honor

Learn to distinguish right from wrong. If you do something wrong, you should be ashamed of yourself, whether you are a three-year-old child or any ordinary person. For example:

First, let alone the lack of teaching strength, just like an authoritative normal teacher leads good students astray, but they are not ashamed.

Second, in order to show off the power during the demonstration, stick the cracked pine board on, or prefabricate the cracked brick to break it, and brazenly face the audience or students.

Third, decorate the Dojo with great fanfare or decorate the office with fake certificates and trophies, and win the favor of the students with overly hypocritical enthusiasm to cover up their incompetence.

Fourth, a true man of martial arts will be humble even if he is promoted in rank or level. On the contrary, they are specious budokas who demand more than their own strength or level, or are not ashamed to buy them with money.

Five, anyone for the purpose of self-interest or show off fake force, need a stage or level.

Sixth, instead of cultivating outstanding disciples, we run the Dojo for profit, and unreasonably ask students for money, goods or certificates.

7. Teachers or students who do not keep their words and deeds and keep their promises.

Eight, ask the younger generation for technical advice, and be ashamed of your elders.

Nine, for personal gain, flattering rights, as a basic gesture that martial arts practitioners forget to observe, but pretend to be martial arts practitioners.

keep one's patience

Patience is a virtue. There is an old saying that family harmony can only be achieved by forbearing a hundred times, and only those who can endure can get happiness and prosperity. No matter who is in a high position or has perfect skills, if you want to accomplish anything, you must first set a goal, and then keep moving towards that goal with lasting endurance in order to get what you want.

homemade

It's really important to restrain yourself, both inside and outside the Dojo. If you are beaten by subordinates or colleagues because of some mistakes in free fighting, if you can't restrain yourself and attack with emotions, it will cause accidents. Moreover, if you are not modest and unrestrained, live freely, blindly envy others and love vanity, you will also lose the qualification to become a martial artist. Laozi said: the strong are not those who beat each other, but those who beat themselves. That is, self-improvement, self-improvement

Indomitable spirit

A real Taekwondo man is modest and upright. If a person has a sense of justice, no matter who the other person is or how many people there are, he should move forward without fear, hesitation and determination. Confucius once said: You are a useless coward who knows that you are just, but you dare not shout loudly, let alone stand up. If you put all your energy into the set goal with indomitable spirit, there will be no failure.

Basic pace

Taekwondo is a martial art with legs as the main method. The flexible use of footwork in actual combat is of great significance to ensure the full play of leg strength and the victory in actual combat. When using the leg method, the hind legs attack, so the footwork of Taekwondo has distinct characteristics, that is, the center of gravity falls between the two feet or deviates to the front foot, and the body posture is mostly in the lateral position to protect the body and the key parts below, and the hind legs turn to the hips by twisting the waist to increase the strength and speed of hitting the ball.

Commonly used footwork is as follows:

Previous progress (1)

The standard combat posture begins, with your feet standing obliquely and your fists on your chest. When moving forward, step forward with the rear pedal and turn one side of the body to the other side, which can be carried out continuously. This is a step in progress, pay attention to twisting the waist and turning the hips. When moving forward, the rear pedal touches the ground and the front foot slides forward, which is called forward sliding; Landing on the back foot and jumping forward on the front foot are called jumping forward. Forward sliding and forward jumping belong to forward movement, which is the footwork used in active attack.

(2) backwardness.

Starting from the standard actual combat posture, push the front foot hard to the ground, step back one step at a time, step back anywhere, and keep the feet and body in the original posture. If after the forefoot touches the ground, the hind foot slides backward one step along the ground, while the front foot slides backward one step, and the foot and body still maintain the original posture, it is called backward sliding. This kind of footwork can open the distance with the opponent, avoid the opponent's attack and prepare for the counterattack.

(3) Step back

Starting from the standard actual combat posture, with the forefoot of the hind foot as the axis, the front foot is raised, and then the rear foot is laterally retreated to form the actual combat posture opposite to the original. You can change the steps of retreating according to the actual needs, adjust the relative distance from the other side, and prepare for the attack or counterattack.

(4) Jump and change steps

Starting from the standard actual combat posture, both feet push the ground at the same time to make the body empty, and the two feet in the air exchange back and forth and rotate at the same time; When landing, the body posture is in the opponent's preparation posture. Jump step should not be high, just slightly off the ground; When changing steps, twist your waist and turn your hips quickly and nimbly. The purpose is to interfere with the opponent's offensive and defensive thinking, choose the position suitable for his own attack, change the scoring position of his body, and make the opponent unable to score.

Development: Introduction to common practice methods of Taekwondo.

1, mirror exercise

Practicing in front of a mirror is a kind of self-imitation exercise. By practicing in front of the mirror, you can correctly grasp the basic movements and understand the route, direction and power point of various defensive movements. At the same time, through the feedback from the mirror, we can correct mistakes in time, establish a good concept of action, and constantly strengthen it to form a correct dynamic stereotype.

2, sandbag practice

Sandbag practice is an important method of Taekwondo practice, and it is also an effective means to improve the hitting strength and speed of leg method. So Taekwondo players spend a lot of time practicing punching sandbags. The biggest advantage of sandbag practice is that the practitioner can freely exert all his strength to hit the target and experience the muscle feeling at the moment of contact with the target. Unfair practice through sandbags can improve the speed and strength of hitting the ball and improve various necessary qualities such as endurance, distance and accuracy.

The weight of sandbags varies from person to person, and the principle is to give full play to technology. Usually adult beginners use 20 kg sandbags or lighter sandbags. It is more suitable for a player weighing 60 kg to use a sandbag of 25 kg. The height of sandbags should be appropriate, too high or too low is not conducive to the development of technology, and may also produce wrong posture.

When practicing sandbags, sandbags can be static or swinging. Static sandbags are suitable for beginners to practice. Beginners can have time to think about how to strike hard, as well as the route, direction and force point of the strike, because the action has not been finalized, which will help improve the quality of the action. Swing sandbags are generally suitable for high-level players who have firmly mastered the movements and need to further improve their skills. Because the sandbag swings greatly, it will produce a lot of potential energy, and the body will bear a great chance of impact when it hits. If used improperly, it is easy to be damaged.

3. Target feeding practice

Target-throwing practice is a kind of practice method in which the partner or coach constantly changes the direction and position of the hand-held target or foot target, requiring the practitioner to respond quickly and strike. Through shooting practice, practitioners can effectively improve the reaction speed, adaptability and accuracy of attack and defense actions, and master the hitting actions in various situations skillfully.

In the target feeding practice, the partner or coach should follow the principles from slow to fast, from simple to complex, from easy to difficult, and constantly improve the difficulty.

4. Offensive and defensive exercises

Practice is a fighting practice in which two people cooperate together and use various offensive and defensive techniques. This kind of practice is a necessary stage before entering actual combat practice. Through offensive and defensive exercises, we can master the application of various offensive and defensive actions in different situations, improve the timing and accuracy of hitting the ball, gain more experience, and make technical, tactical and psychological preparations for actual combat.

Step 5 Practice.

Practice is the last stage of taekwondo training, which means that both sides wear protective gear and practice marching according to the rules and requirements of formal competition. Because actual combat is carried out in a tense, intense and rapidly changing situation, it can effectively improve the ability of technical and tactical application, enhance self-confidence and enrich the experience of on-the-spot competition. Actual combat practice is also the most effective means to test the technical level of practitioners.

6. Eye exercises

Blinking eyes is the most common problem for beginners of Taekwondo. Blinking eyes is an instinctive protective response of human body in daily life, which can protect eyes.

However, in the actual combat of Taekwondo, we must overcome this instinctive habit, always stare at the opponent, master the opponent's movements, and see the opponent's attack or counterattack clearly, so as to effectively organize the counterattack or attack.

Therefore, novices should pay attention to eye training, don't blink and close their eyes in actual combat, look at the opponent's body and observe his whole body with the corner of his eye. With the increase of practice times and correct efforts, you will certainly be able to develop a pair of discerning eyes in the actual combat of Taekwondo in Qi Fei.

7, close to practice

It is normal to be afraid of approaching your opponent. Any taekwondo master has come from this stage. This is also a common problem for beginners. As long as the opponent moves, he will run quite far, will not move to both sides, and even dare not approach the opponent to use tricks for fear of being hit by the opponent. At this rate, there won't be much progress. The reason is that if you don't get close to your opponent, you will never hit him, and you will only learn how to escape.

There are two reasons for this phenomenon: one is lack of confidence in oneself and dare not use unique skills. The other is that under the prescribed conditions, without actual combat practice, I don't know how to crack my opponent's attack at close range. People with this problem can practice more actual combat under conditions, gradually adapt to close combat and gradually get rid of this problem.