Songzi folk custom

I. Spring Festival

Spring Festival is usually called China New Year. First of all, it is the most important traditional festival in a year. It lasts for 23 days from the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month to the 15th day of the first lunar month. There are many activities and great excitement.

(1) Send the Kitchen God: On the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, it is said that the Bodhisattva (Kitchen God) was ordered to report a good and evil day to the Jade Emperor. Every household lit pots and lanterns, burned incense and worshipped, and prayed for the Kitchen God to perform good deeds and drive away the fire, and sent them to their homes to worship the God at ordinary times. After seeing God off, the gods were not at home, everything was forgiven, and a busy year began. But if there was a funeral at home, I didn't send it to heaven that year.

(2) Off-year, on the 24th of the twelfth lunar month, a small family banquet is called off-year. All kinds of folk entertainment activities began from this day, commonly known as "catching up with spring". In addition, according to legend, on this day, Gao Kezi (mouse) will celebrate the New Year (and the wedding banquet), so it is not advisable to make noise, go to bed early and keep quiet. Otherwise, "if you argue with it for one day, it will argue with you for one year."

(3) Busy year: Before the 30th day of the twelfth lunar month, "every household is busy celebrating the New Year", cooking sugar, making tofu, making Baba, making new year's goods, putting up Spring Festival couplets, putting up door gods, putting up New Year pictures and cleaning. General cleaning is on the 28th of the twelfth lunar month. As the saying goes, "28, careless washing."

(4) Communist Youth: The 30th day of the twelfth lunar month is the first day of New Year's Day, and laity people rush home to celebrate the Communist Youth, commonly known as "crows, magpies and old crows all have their 30th day". Most of the league years are in the morning, but also before dawn or at night. Before the annual festival, we worship Buddha with pig heads, pig tails and garlic, burn incense and set off firecrackers, then worship our ancestors behind closed doors, and then the whole family will attend the annual festival of the Communist Youth League. Only the fish in the group can't be eaten on the table, and they can't be eaten until next year, which means more than one year. It takes longer than usual to eat the reunion dinner, so you can't sit down casually even after eating it first. After the reunion dinner, open the door to collect money, commonly known as "open the door." At night, all the lights in the ancestral graves are on.

(5) Shounian: According to legend, on New Year's Eve, immortals from all walks of life patrol the lower bound and count the number of people. In order to let the immortal know that the population is prosperous, every household uses trees to make a fire, and the family talks all night. Even if the child wants to sleep, he should sleep in the cinder nest (where firewood is put in front of the stove, and the kitchen god will tell all the immortals that there is no shortage of heads at home). As the saying goes, "Thirty fires and fifteen lights", "You stay with Bodhisattva for one night, and Bodhisattva will stay with you for one year."

(6) Travel: At dawn on the first day of the first month, the family puts on new clothes, washes their hands and faces, then opens the front door wide, chooses a good place to worship the heavens and sets off firecrackers with firewood. After the trip, take firewood (money) into the house to close the door, commonly known as "tight money door". After entering the house, the daughter-in-law screens sugar tea or egg tea for the in-laws, and the elders accept the worship of the younger generation and give the young children and grandchildren "lucky money". In the 1980s, after the midnight bell of CCTV rang, firecrackers and fireworks exploded and there was jubilation.

(7) New Year's greetings: I don't go out on the first day, but visit my parents at home. But if my relatives and friends died the year before last, I will pay homage on the first day, commonly known as "Happy New Year". The next day, I worshipped my husband. After the third day of junior high school, relatives and friends pay New Year greetings to each other in the neighborhood until the fifteenth day of the first month, commonly known as "New Year greetings, no later than the fifteenth day." Here, lions, dragon lanterns, three-stick drums, Taoist feelings, talking drums, ground flower drums, bamboo horses and so on make the door full of spring.

(8) Sending New Year's goods: On the 15th day of the first month, Chinese New Year is celebrated by dragons and lions in both urban and rural areas. Every household eats Yuanxiao and lights night lights, which is also called Lantern Festival or Lantern Festival. After liberation, the countryside only lit night lights, which seemed dull. Towns are more lively, with fireworks, dragon and lion dances, lanterns and colorful decorations, which were very prosperous before liberation.

Second, belief in the gods.

In the old days, most local people were pantheists, believing that all things have spirits, and natural gods, human gods, underworld gods, animal and plant gods and other gods can bring misfortune and happiness to people. Officials mainly worship natural gods, character gods and gods, while folks worship all gods. However, except for specific time and special events, the sacrifices made by the county people are collectively called "Bodhisattva". After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the custom of believing in gods gradually faded, and it gradually rose after the reform and opening up.

There are mainly: Bodhisattva Earth Treasure, Guanyin Bodhisattva, Kitchen God Bodhisattva, Master Yan and so on!

Third, astronomical phenomena and folk beliefs.

In the first month, when the sun goes down, it's good to be young, and vice versa. On the third day of March, if the evil wind is steep, the rain is heavy and the thunder is heavy, the insects and snakes are not fierce, and vice versa. On the seventh night of July, unmarried women hid behind the cucumber shed to watch the cowherd and weaver girl meet in the Milky Way. What a coincidence. When it rains or the north wind blows in early autumn, it is rainy and cool in autumn, and it is dry and hot in sunny days or when the south wind blows. As the saying goes, "Eighteen storms in Qiu Lai, eighteen leopards in Qiu Lai." 1October 16, it's cold in winter, cold in sunny days and warm in rainy days. On new year's eve, when the sky is high and the clouds are light, there will be floods, which side is bright and which side is bright; More stars will reduce cotton production, commonly known as "smallpox without flowers." At the beginning of the month, it was sunny, sunny and rainy. A solar eclipse is a major disaster. Falling stars kill people, commonly known as "a star in the sky, a person on the ground." The main disaster of meteorite (comet). A meteor trailing a star (commonly known as a fire sheep) must have fire.

Fourth, animal and plant customs.

Dogs crying, dogs crying and dogs digging holes are all ominous signs. Bird shit falls on filial piety. It is unlucky for a hen to crow. It will be bad luck for a chicken to go home. It is unlucky to see snakes mating. Crows are called omens. If a pig goes home by mistake, the family will be poor, and if a dog or cat goes home by mistake, the family will be rich. As the saying goes, "pigs come to be poor, dogs come to be rich, and cats come to keep the warehouse." Magpies are calling, and guests are coming. Peach trees can ward off evil spirits.

V. Common beliefs of pregnant women and babies

Pregnant women react strongly to pregnancy, mostly boys, and vice versa. Pregnant women dream of snakes and have more beautiful girls. After a sprain, pregnant women will get rid of the pain through massage. After the baby umbilical cord falls, wrap it up and put it under the crock, so that the baby can eat it without being picky about food. After the baby is born, you should tie your hands and feet and behave yourself when you grow up. When the baby goes out for the first time, some ink on his forehead can ward off evil spirits. The baby crossed the river for the first time and threw Qian Qian into the water. After that, he was not afraid of the water.