What are the important symbols of Xuannan scholar culture? What are the landmarks in Xuanwu District that represent the history of Beijing's founding as the capital? What are the "three treasures" of

What are the important symbols of Xuannan scholar culture? What are the landmarks in Xuanwu District that represent the history of Beijing's founding as the capital? What are the "three treasures" of Changchun Temple? Xuannan culture has a long history. Since the Ming and Qing dynasties, the scholarly and common people's culture developed here has been a combination of popularity, elegance and splendor, and is an integral part of Beijing's history and culture.

Openness and innovation are the essence of Xuannan culture, the study of which has more than just academic value.

It is one of the sources of Old Beijing, which has a history of more than 3,000 years as a city and more than 800 years as a capital.

Here is the most concentrated area of scholarly and commoner's culture with the imperial city culture, Liulichang, Dashilar, and Tianqiao, which constitute a bright landscape of Beijing.

There are hidden dragons and crouching tigers here, and the former residences of celebrities and guild halls scattered in the streets and alleys allow us to focus on the people who have influenced China's history since modern times.

The "treasure" in this piece of land is "Xuannan", which refers to the area from Xuanwumen to Guang'anmen and beyond, and the unique cultural ecology here is known as "Xuannan Culture". "

Being close to Xuannan and understanding its culture, one can touch the veins of Beijing's cultural development.

The study of a city's history and culture cannot be separated from its origins, and Xuannan is one of the sources of Beijing, which has a history of three thousand years

In October 1995, the Xuanwu District Government of Beijing built the "Jicheng Memorial Pillar" in the green space along the river outside of Guang'anmen, to commemorate the birth of Beijing. Memorial Pillar" to commemorate the 3040th anniversary of the founding of Beijing. Mr. Hou Renzhi, a famous historical geographer and professor at Peking University, wrote the "Record of the Founding of the City of Beijing" and engraved it on the stone tablet in front of the column.

Hou believed that the beginning of the founding of the city of Beijing, the name of the city is called Ji, the center of Ji in the present Xuanwu District. In the Book of Rites, there is a record of "King Wu's victory over Yin, against the Shang Dynasty, before getting off the bus, and after sealing the emperor in Ji".

In recent years, near Dongjialin Village in Liulihe Township, Fangshan District, Beijing, the ruins of an ancient city wall and a large number of ancient tombs have been discovered, which are considered to be the former site of the ancient Yan State. Around the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the state of Yan annexed the state of Ji and moved its capital to the city of Ji, which later became known as Yanjing, from which it originated.

Ancient China was divided into nine or thirteen states, with Youzhou in the north, whose capital was Jicheng. The capital of the state of Yan during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods was also in Jicheng, and today the archives in Xuanwu district display a pottery well from the Warring States period that was found in Xuannan.

"I don't see where I've been before, and I don't see where I'll be after. Remembering the longevity of heaven and earth, alone in pathos!" Chen Zi'ang's "Song of Ascending Youzhou Terrace" is undoubtedly a masterpiece among the many poems singing about Youzhou in the Tang Dynasty, and it illustrates the literacy of this place during the Tang Dynasty.

Historians believe that the city of Jin Zhongdu, built in 1153, was the beginning of the capital of Beijing. The north-south axis of the Jin Zhongdu was just east of today's Guang'anmen, and Guang'anmennei Street was the bustling commercial area back then.

Ming dynasty, today's Xuanwumen Mule City Street south of the east to Panjiaheyan, west to teach the children of the hutong area collectively referred to as "Xuannanfang". In the Qing Dynasty, the area south of Xuanwumen was customarily called "Xuannan", and the historical Xuannan area is generally referred to as the jurisdiction of Xuanwu District, Beijing. "Although "Xuannan" is a geographical concept, the various cultural phenomena formed around this area have transcended the limitations of time and space, and evolved into a regional cultural concept with unique connotations. The concept of "Xuannan culture" has been mentioned again since the 1990s, and has developed into a brand-new topic.

As old as Beijing is, Xuannan is also as old as the city. From the temples of the Tang Dynasty to the commercial streets of the modern era, Xuannan's surviving historical relics can help future generations to clearly trace the lineage of cultural changes. Today's Fayuan Temple was built in the Tang Dynasty; the Tianning Temple Pagoda is a Liao Dynasty building; the Xiannongtan Temple is a remnant of the Ming Dynasty; and most of the former residences of celebrities and guild halls are from the Qing Dynasty. All these buildings are a true record of Beijing's culture, and the most direct record of Beijing's changes.

The study of a city's history and culture cannot be separated from its origins. As the famous architect Wu Liangyong said, in the long volume of Beijing's history and culture, Xuannan historical sites have a special value because of their long history, many types and rich connotations.

Xuannan gathered a large number of cultural elites since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, leaving a large number of viewable, commemorative historical sites, really called "the essence of the culture of the capital"

Beijing's history and culture can be roughly divided into three levels, namely, the royal culture, the culture of the scholars and the culture of the common people, and the broad sense of the "Xuannan culture" encompasses these three levels.

The royal sacrificial culture represented by the Xiannongtan, the culture of the capital's scholars represented by the Liulichang, the culture of the guilds represented by the Huguang Huiguan, the traditional commercial culture represented by the old stores in the Dazhalan area, and the folk culture of old Beijing represented by the Tianqiao, which are a combination of the commonplace, the Confucian, and the ornate, condense the cultures of Beijing at all levels.

The Ming and Qing dynasties were an important period in the formation and development of Beijing's culture. While the inner city, centered on the Imperial City, became a concentration of court culture, Xuannan, which is in the outer city, increasingly became a showcase for the culture of scholars and the culture of the townspeople. There were more than 700 historical and cultural celebrities who lived in Xuannan, including Wang Yuyang, Wu Meicun, Zhu Yizun and Sun Chengze in the early Qing Dynasty, all of whom stayed here, making it a place of great talent and great prosperity.

Since the Ming Yongle Emperor built the capital in Beijing, Beijing, as the political center of the country, naturally became a place of advanced culture. At that time, most of the scholars from all over the country who came to Beijing to take the examination gathered in the Xuannan area. Thousands of scholars were active here all year round, and the guild halls that provided accommodation for them flourished, and later there were regional industrial and commercial guild halls and industrial guild halls built for business needs.

The Qing Dynasty was the heyday of Xuannan Guild Hall, a small area of more than 300 Guild Halls, a narrow alley is often located in a dozen Guild Halls. The halls provided an ideal public **** space for scholars to gather and socialize, and also prepared the conditions for academic exchanges and cultural renaissance.

Modern China's history has influenced the advance of the characters are inextricably linked with the Xuannan Hall. National hero Lin Zexu had lived in Puyang Hall, Anhui Hall is the leading figure in the foreign affairs movement Li Hongzhang initiated the completion of the Sino-Japanese War, the Sino-Japanese War after the defeat of the new aspirants Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao, Tan Sitong lived in Xuannan Nanhai Hall, Xinhui Hall and Liuyang Hall, wrote a new activity of the Xuannan the most tragic chapters. After the founding of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen went north to meet with Yuan Shikai, visited the Huguang Huiguan Hall five times, reorganized the Allied Association, and established the Kuomintang. There was also the Shaoxing Hall, where Lu Xun published the first vernacular novel in the history of China's new literature, "Diary of a Madman," and used the pen name Lu Xun for the first time.

These already deserted guildhalls once witnessed the winds and clouds of modern Chinese history, is an important window on Beijing's modern history and culture, but due to historical reasons, most of the guildhalls have been lost to obscurity, the only surviving wall collapsed and folded, Xuanwu District is spending a great deal of effort to restore these guildhalls.

Luli factory is an ancient cultural street in Beijing. In the Qianlong period to repair the "Siku Quanshu", the chief compiler Ji Yun, etc. to the Liulichang bookstore as the center of the exchange of books, a moment of the country's booksellers gathered here. At that time, the literati who came to Beijing took pleasure in buying books at Liulichang. Such a flourishing situation lasted until the Republic of China. Rongbaozhai's woodblock watermark paintings, Dai Yuexuan's lake pen, Hu Kaiwen's Hui ink are famous everywhere. Nowadays, this place is still full of cultural atmosphere, and the cultural lineage of that year has not disappeared due to the passage of time.

In the early Qing Dynasty, the "separation of Manchu and Han" and the "separation of flags and people" led to major changes in the social and spatial structure of Beijing, and the southern city became the center of commerce and services, as well as the distribution center for the floating population. Dajie and Tianqiao in Xuannan became the most prosperous entertainment and commercial places in old Beijing, and the common people's culture represented by opera culture and folk culture also came into being. "Ma Juyuan, Rui Fu Xiang, Neilian Sheng" is a popular folk saying, and these century-old stores are still welcoming customers in Dajie. Approaching Dashilar is like walking into an authentic museum of old Beijing culture, where you can freely come into contact with old Beijing's three religions and nine streams, five lines and eight works, as well as various kinds of juggling.

Famous Qing Dynasty history expert Dai Yi that, although Xuannan did not have the Imperial City of palaces and pavilions, the western suburbs of the water and trees of the quiet gardens, but gathered a large number of Ming and Qing Dynasty since the cultural elite, leaving a large number of viewable, commemorative historical relics, really called "the essence of the capital's culture".

Xuannan is a piece of cultural fertile land, can be developed into a cultural industry to attract the world's attention. The openness and creativity of Xuannan's culture is still worth learning from today

Cities are always in the process of renewal. In Xuannan, only a simple stone monument remains from the Tang Dynasty, the Jin Zhongdu is only a fish and algae pond (today's Youth Lake in Xuanwu District), and Ming and Qing Dynasty buildings are dwindling in large-scale housing renovation. Can this once-lucrative, talented, and starry-eyed land ever regain its former prosperity? How can this profound historical heritage be passed on from our hands to future generations?

Huang Zonghan, a doctoral student at the Department of History of Renmin University of China, took "Xuannan Cultural Research" as his doctoral dissertation topic in his old age. He said that truth-seeking, pragmatic, innovation is the essence of Xuannan culture, the scholar from all over the world to bring different cultures, and will be unique to the capital of the culture back to all over the modern Chinese culture, so the exchange of collision, development and innovation. Today, when we study Xuannan culture, we have to absorb its openness and innovative character.

In Huang Zonghan's eyes, Xuannan is a piece of cultural fertile land, which can be developed into a cultural industry belt that attracts the world's attention. Today, the Hukuang Guild Hall has been restored and opened as a cultural relics protection unit, and the ancient theater building in the hall has been opened as the Beijing Opera Museum; the Anhui Guild Hall is being restored and will be built as a Chinese traditional music museum. But all this is far from enough, the site of the Hundred Days' Reform Law is still obliterated in the streets and alleys, the historical features of Dajie must be properly protected, a concentrated display of the Xuannan culture of the museum is still just a dream ......

Over the years, Xuanwu District Party Committee, the district government is very valuable to Xuannan's cultural resources, and in the development of academic research at the same time, has invested The city has invested hundreds of millions of dollars in repairing and protecting the cultural heritage here. From the erection of the "Jicheng Memorial Pillar" to the restoration of the Readwell Caochang, Xuannan culture is no longer just an entry in the Beijing Encyclopedia.

"Though the past is gone, there are still feelings in the past thousand years". In the autumn sunshine, I walked through the streets and alleys of Xuannan, looking for a place full of legends and tales of the humanities landscape, feel the blend of tradition and modernity, but also look forward to the Xuannan culture in the new century to continue to write a more exciting chapter.