What are the unique folk arts in Jiangxi?

Wuyuan Nuo dance, commonly known as "ghost dance" or "dancing ghosts", has a long history, many programs and unique styles. It is a "living fossil" in the study of the history of ancient dance art in China and has attracted the attention of experts and scholars at home and abroad.

. Nuo dance is a popular dance in ancient Changjiang Dai Valley of China. Dancers wear all kinds of simple and exaggerated masks with distinctive witchcraft colors. It was originally a blessing ceremony, and later it gradually developed into a folk dance. It is recorded in The Analects of Confucius, Encyclopedia of Ancient and Modern Events and Etiquette of the Later Han Dynasty.

Nuo dance is quite popular in Qingyuan Village, Qiukou Township and Likeng Village. There are forty or fifty kinds of masks of Nuo dance, which are generally wood carvings, vivid, loyal, treacherous, ignorant, sad and happy.

There are dozens of traditional programs of Nuo dance, such as Creation of the Earth, Liu Hai Beating Golden Toad, Two Monkeys Catching Ticks, Shooting the Sun in Houyi, Zhang Fei Sacrificing a Gun, Drunk Judge, and the Monkey King Descending Rat Essence. The dance moves are rough and simple.

2. Nanfeng Diaonuo

Nanfeng Nuo dance, commonly known as "dancing Nuo", is a folk dance that gradually evolved after years of reform and innovation, following the ancient ritual of exorcising ghosts and epidemics. Tracing back to the source, there are Nuo records in the written history of China. Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins has the word "Kou", which is an ancient weapon to kill ghosts indoors.

The word "dance" is recorded in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, which is the image of a masked man. It shows that there was masked exorcism dance before Shang Dynasty. Later, it was recorded in The Analects of Confucius, Lu Chunqiu and Zhou Li.

The Book of Rites describes Nuo in more detail. In the Han Dynasty, Zhang Heng's Ode to Tokyo also described the Nuo dance. From the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, Nuo dance was a sacrificial dance to exorcise epidemic ghosts. After the Song Dynasty, Nuo dance added entertainment elements and gradually developed in a dramatic direction.

3. Chongren dances the Eight Immortals

The Eight Immortals Dance in Chongren, commonly known as "juggling", is the ancestral "Nuo dance" of Yang and Zhan in Bashan Town, Chongren County (formerly Shadi Township), which belongs to Nuo dance. Its origin is directly related to Jiantou Temple and three other villages near He Qian.

According to the records of Yang's genealogy and the introduction of local old people, Jiantou Temple, which was built in the Tang Dynasty, once disappeared due to social unrest. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Yang's ancestors moved from Zuogang Jinxi Bridge to Hehe, and the family funded the reconstruction of their surnames, and a legendary statue of the Seven Lords of God of War was built in the temple.

Yang, who claimed to be the founder of the temple, warned that "he can't protect himself" (for the above quotation, please refer to the preface to Yang's "Jiupu". After many consultations, it was agreed to hold the "Welcome Games" twice every ten years, and the "Dance of the Eight Immortals" will be held simultaneously with the Welcome Games.

Two surnames, Yang and Zhan, host once each, and host "Welcome to the Great God" in July and August of the lunar calendar every ten years. In the seventh year, presided over by Yang, God was invited on the 27th of the twelfth lunar month for 7 days. In the eighth year, presided over by Zhan, the twelfth lunar month invited God for eight days. Class 2, Baxian, Yang, Zhan 1.

4, lean meat rolls.

There are three different styles of Nuo dance in Lean County, Jiangxi Province: Liukeng Village's "Drama Music", Luoshan Village's "Drama Head Drum" and Donghu Village's "Rolling Nuo God". Donghu village is located in the south of the county seat. During the reign of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty (1736- 1795), a Nuo temple was built to worship "Nishikawa Enlightenment, Qingyuan, Miaodao and True King" as a Nuo god.

Mask 18, there are 8 programs, among which "Chicken Mouth" and "Pig Mouth" are two unique programs, which take animals as mask gods and are called Chicken Mouth God (also known as Chicken Nuo God) and Pig Mouth God respectively.

Er Shen's mask is very distinctive: it consists of three parts: the upper forehead (commonly known as the forehead), the lower mouth and the ear wings. There are two round eyes engraved on the forehead, and the word "rain" is written on the forehead, and both sides are connected with the ear wings by ropes; The chicken mouth is composed of two conical logs hollowed out in the middle; The pig's mouth is made of a round wood hollowed out in the middle.

During the performance, the disciple wore a red scarf, a black coat and a red cloth skirt, and put on a mask to show his cheeks.

5. Nanchang Folk Wedding

The ancients regarded men marrying girls and having children as "the beginning of all ages" and "taking things to the temple", inheriting the worship of ancestors; "The next generation will succeed the later generations", so that the clan can have successors. This paper mainly introduces the marriage procedures and unique customs of Nanchang people.

Matchmaking and posting: "Matchmaking" is the first step in marriage negotiation, and the matchmaker comes to the door to propose marriage, subject to the portal. Men and women should not meet before meeting the bride. As the saying goes, "parents' orders, matchmakers' words."

Changing the post means "matching eight characters", and "matching eight characters" means engagement.

Engagement: The man chooses an auspicious day to give gifts to the woman (generally 120 yuan means that the woman will live 120 years old), and presents such as jewelry, clothes and money exchange are "engaged" and drinking engagement wine.

Gift: also known as "walk". On the day of the "ceremony", the man's family carried the "box" and carried the burden, firing a gun and whistling all the way. The gifts for the woman's family are: two animals in pairs, a male and a female, a pair of pig feet, a pair of carp, and clothes, shoes and jewelry for the bride.

Laba marriage: the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month is the Buddha's enlightenment day. It is said that this day is too old to be idle, and there is no evil star in charge, which is an auspicious day for marriage. People say (Nanchang dialect) that Laba doesn't have to choose a date to get married, and many people hold happy events on this day. Some people also talked about the day when they were allowed to get married in Nanchang.

Weeping marriage: Weeping marriage has no fixed lyrics. The bride's mother cried first and taught her daughter how to behave. The bride also cried that her daughter was not filial. The process of crying marriage lasted from the night before until the sedan chair entered the door the next day.

Wedding, stepping on firewood: the bride's sedan chair needs eight people to carry it, and it is equipped with a "lifting box". All the articles are sprinkled with red scraps of paper, pine and cypress, and red eggs and paper-cuts with the word "hi" are placed.

The woman greeted her with firecrackers. Wedding guests made a masterpiece of suona outside the door to show "makeup". The woman received three gifts and scolded the man for not borrowing enough. The man made an excuse to explain that he had scolded the woman. The two sides are arguing endlessly, as the saying goes, "the more you scold, the more you scold."

With the sound of a cannon, the bride's parents had already stepped on four pieces of firewood wrapped in red paper and sat on the wooden chair in the main hall to show their care for the family wealth. There is a "clairvoyance" at the entrance of the hall. The bride is carried out of bed by her eldest brother, crosses the "clairvoyance" and goes straight to the sedan chair.