Ideological origin and philosophical significance of valuing the people over the monarch

Refers to the philosophical significance of putting the people above the monarch.

Mencius' social and political thoughts. From the standpoint of all countries in the world, people are the foundation, people are the foundation, and people are more important than kings. It is the core of Mencius' theory of benevolent governance. People-oriented, it had a great influence on China's later thinkers.

Mencius' people-oriented thought is mainly manifested in the following aspects: First, he criticized the rulers for exorbitant taxes and levies, extravagance and waste, and disregard for the interests of the people, so that "dogs eat people without knowing what to do, and dogs are hungry without knowing what to do." The second is to emphasize the people's right to exist, and to ensure that the people are "not hungry or cold" and "have no regrets when they are born and sick"; Otherwise, it is tantamount to "leading animals to eat people." The third is to emphasize that the ruler must win the hearts of the people first, and then put forward the groundbreaking concept of "people are the most important, the country is the second, and the monarch is the light". Fourthly, it emphasizes that politicians should put themselves in the people's shoes, worry about the people's worries and enjoy the people's happiness, and sublimate the people-oriented thought into a quite conscious political and moral realm. China's traditional people-oriented thought has always been advanced in the development of ancient history, and it is a precious spiritual wealth left by the Chinese nation a long time ago. Although there are differences and gaps between it and the modern people-oriented concept, it is internally related in spirit and should be fully affirmed and carried forward.

If it is an examination question of Fudan University, it should be analyzed and expounded in combination with one's own philosophical knowledge, and one can appropriately supplement one's understanding. (Hope to adopt)