Development and application of new building materials?

From the current construction cost of modern buildings in China, it can be seen that the cost of building materials accounts for about 50% of the total construction cost, and the quality of building materials directly affects the quality of buildings. In recent years, with the change of architectural style and the improvement of architectural functions, building materials have also completed a brand-new transformation, which can be summarized into four categories, namely, new wall materials, new waterproof sealing materials, new thermal insulation materials and new building decoration materials. Compared with traditional building materials, new building materials have been greatly improved in material and function division. Functionally, it can be divided into decorative materials, thermal insulation materials, curtain wall materials, sealing materials and waterproof materials. In terms of materials, it can be divided into cement materials, glass materials, wood, steel, plastic and other auxiliary hardware and non-metallic materials. At present, many new materials are used, such as bricks in wall materials, mineral wool board and glass wool in thermal insulation materials, coiled materials and coatings in waterproof materials, polymer composite materials, decorative materials, new RPC concrete and so on. Thermal insulation materials have been combined with energy saving and emission reduction measures, and are constantly improving, gradually moving towards green buildings; Waterproof materials have deviated from the traditional concept of simple waterproofing, and gradually formed a waterproof system matching product specifications and grades; In terms of decorative materials, it is refined into multiple whole, including curtain wall materials, wallpaper, floor, ceiling and other materials with different properties, which fully reflects the diversity of materials.

The influence significance of new building materials

Compared with traditional building materials, the application of new building materials makes them more powerful in strength, weight reduction, energy saving and function, and also more in line with China's basic national policy [1]. In the research of related properties, the mechanical properties, durability and corrosion resistance of new building materials have been greatly improved. In the production process, make full use of raw materials, adopt new processes and technologies, and improve the performance of materials [4].

Application of new building materials

Application of wall materials

As the load-bearing structure of the building, the quality of the wall directly affects the stability and safety of the building. At present, the wall materials widely used in China's buildings are clay hollow bricks, clay bricks, non-clay bricks, aerated concrete blocks and lightweight plates [3]. At present, the walls of buildings under construction are mostly reinforced concrete materials, plastic materials and light wall materials, which can improve the thermal insulation, sound insulation and safety performance of buildings in practical application [2]. Compared with traditional wall building materials, the new building materials have the characteristics of light weight, low thermal conductivity, good thermal insulation performance, good waterproof performance, obvious sound insulation effect and strong processability. While reducing the weight of building materials, it can also reduce the use of materials and energy consumption.

Application of thermal insulation materials

In recent years, major universities in China have conducted in-depth research on thermal insulation materials, and successively developed thermal insulation materials with different materials, such as polystyrene foam insulation board, rock wool board, glass wool, polyurethane foam board, perlite insulation board and silicate load slurry [3]. At present, the development of thermal insulation materials in the world is relatively rapid. Mineral wool and glass wool materials account for 50% of the market, foamed plastic insulation boards account for 40% of the market, and thermal insulation materials such as calcium silicate and expanded perlite account for 5%. At present, new thermal insulation materials include steel wire mesh rock wool sandwich bearing plate (GY plate), calcium silicate insulation board, gypsum composite board and GRC sandwich composite insulation board [3]. Compared with similar insulation materials, the new insulation board has the characteristics of good insulation effect, low material cost and simple construction technology, but it also has some defects such as low strength, poor construction performance and weak connection with building matrix.

Application of waterproof materials

With the development of science and technology, waterproof materials in China have developed rapidly and are widely used, including bridges, tunnels, water conservancy and hydropower, national defense, transportation and other industries, and the materials used in different industries are also different. At present, waterproof materials include waterproof coiled materials, sealing materials and plugging materials.

Application of concrete materials

As one of the most widely used materials in modern building materials, the quality of concrete directly determines the quality of buildings. RPC is a new cement-based material with ultra-high strength, ultra-high toughness and ultra-high stability. RPC reactive powder concrete has excellent performance, its compressive strength is 2~4 times that of ordinary cement, and its flexural strength is 4~6 times that of ordinary cement, so it will become the main application material in future buildings. At present, many universities in China have begun to study RPC reactive powder concrete in depth, and many schools have prepared concrete with compressive strength exceeding 200MPa. 25mm thick RPC reactive powder concrete has the same strength as 60mm thick C40 concrete. The application of related additives in RPC improves the internal structure of concrete, improves its strength and durability, and has strong practical value for parts with high requirements on strength and related mechanical properties.

Development of new building materials

With the rapid development of China's economy, new building materials in China will make a breakthrough in ecology and intelligence, and minimize water pollution, chemical pollution, noise pollution and radioactive pollution [2]. At the same time, new building materials will be combined with modern smart home and high-tech computer intelligent application system to adjust the intelligence and comfort of buildings and make building materials more in line with the characteristics of modern urban buildings. In addition, while developing new building materials and green building materials, we should comprehensively consider China's sustainable development path, reduce material consumption, energy consumption and pollution consumption, make a major breakthrough in performance, use, function, safety and comfort, develop in harmony with the high-grade, matching and standardization of modern buildings, and integrate microelectronics technology and high-tech production technology to standardize and improve new building materials, so as to make building materials more in line with the world development trend and human survival needs.

With the rapid improvement of China's economic level and building level, it is imperative to research and develop new materials. Building materials with excellent performance can not only improve the safety level of buildings, but also ensure the environment and hygiene.

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