Characteristics of ancient nursing in China

The combination of medical care and nursing is one of the characteristics of ancient nursing. /kloc-Before the 0/9th century, there was no nursing specialty in all countries of the world. Hippocrates, known as the "father of medicine" in ancient Greece, attached great importance to nursing. He taught patients to gargle, instructed mental patients to enjoy music, and adjusted the diet of patients with heart disease and kidney disease. From a modern point of view, these are all nursing care that is conducive to the rehabilitation of patients. There is no word "nursing" in China's traditional medical monographs, but an important principle of TCM treatment is "three-point treatment and seven-point nursing". Including improving patients' rest environment and mentality, strengthening nutritional conditioning, and paying attention to physical exercise combining static and dynamic, these are the essence of TCM syndrome differentiation and nursing. Famous doctors of all ages, such as Hua Tuo, are good at surgery and have excellent medical skills. They are part-time doctors and nurses. Li Shizhen, the author of Compendium of Materia Medica, a famous classic of Chinese medicine in Ming Dynasty, is a famous pharmacist, who can treat and care for patients well and is regarded as a much-told story. Huangdi Neijing, the earliest medical classic in China, recorded the health care thought of "treating patients before they get sick" and the holistic view of "closing the door on patients and asking their gender to follow their wishes", emphasizing understanding and caring for patients' sufferings and conducting targeted counseling; There is also the urethral catheterization created by Sun Simiao, an outstanding medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty, which is to remove the tip of onion leaves and insert them into the urethra to draw urine. Nursing techniques in Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as burning mugwort leaves, spraying realgar wine to disinfect air and environment, and steam disinfection to treat clothes of infected patients, still have scientific significance.

Another feature of ancient nursing is deeply influenced by religion. Under the domination of eastern Buddhism and western Christianity, saving the wounded and dying has become a religious charity. Monks and nuns mainly treat and care for patients with the humanitarian spirit of compassion and love, but the application of science and technology is limited. Due to historical limitations, nursing before15th century can only exist as a kind of labor, and it is in the stage of family nursing and experience nursing.