Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional customs - Second grade science class work plan
Second grade science class work plan
Second grade science class work plan How to write? Carefully study and research the "Science Curriculum Standards", systematic study of new teaching materials, both science curriculum reform conceptual, academic thinking; and science theme education Morphological research. Here to share with you some on the second grade science class work plan 5, for your reference.
Second grade science class work plan 1
I. Teaching objectives
Primary school science general objectives:
Through the study of science courses, to know the superficial scientific knowledge related to common things around, and can be applied to daily life, and gradually develop scientific behavior and living habits; to understand the The process and methods of scientific inquiry, try to apply to scientific inquiry activities, and gradually learn to look at and think about problems scientifically; to maintain and develop curiosity and desire for knowledge about the world around them, to form a scientific attitude of bold imagination, respect for evidence, and dare to innovate, and love of science, love of home, love of the motherland; to get close to nature, appreciate nature, cherish life, and actively participate in the protection of resources and the environment, and to care about the new developments in science and technology.
Secondly, the students will be able to learn about the new developments in science and technology.
Second, the analysis of teaching resources
Teaching priorities and difficulties
1, to provide enough materials for students to complete the task of inquiry in the hands and minds.
2. Help students to transform phenomena and data into evidence and use the evidence to draw conclusions.
3. Establish scientific concepts and let students' understanding develop along the law of concept formation.
4. Be sure to let students personally experience the process of production in order to develop students' scientific inquiry skills.
Third, the basic situation of students analysis
From the age structure and psychological characteristics, students are full of curiosity about everything, have a strong desire to know, in the guidance of the teacher can basically take the initiative to carry out exploration activities. But the students' ability to learn independently is still relatively weak, can take the initiative to carry out the study of the students is relatively small, more dependent on the teacher's teaching; students with their own good methods to express their views and the ability to cooperate in research and learning and awareness is still relatively weak. Therefore, the teacher's teaching should actively develop students' inquiry learning ability, improve students' sense of cooperation, and willingness to use their own methods to express their own understanding and opinions. I ask students to master the knowledge, but also take notes, and can be applied to the practice of life.
Fourth, the teaching methodology design
1, strengthen the theoretical learning, especially in elementary school science class on the "scientific inquiry learning" theory and practical skills ideas and methods;
2, a deep understanding of the "spirit of the new curriculum reform" and "the new curriculum standards" to implement the requirements of the new curriculum;
2, a deep understanding of the "spirit of the new curriculum reform" and "the new curriculum standards" to implement the new curriculum standards.
3, strengthen their own literacy, knowledge and business skills and constantly improve their practical ability;
4, seriously study the textbooks and various teaching reference books, browse the Internet, magazines, etc., to learn from advanced experience, scientific design of teaching strategies; for students to create a good atmosphere for the activities of inquiry;
5, read the students, understand the students, know the cognitive patterns of students and student learning
6, actively collect, prepare all kinds of inquiry activities to provide structured materials; development of students to collect all kinds of activities and material resources and the ability to be used for inquiry activities;
7, the promotion of students' personalities, the development of student strengths, efforts to develop students' potential, the development of students' multiple intelligences, focusing on students' autonomy and inquiry and the development of personal strengths. The cultivation of personalized strengths.
V. Teaching Evaluation Program
1, classroom instant evaluation: refers to the process of teaching in the classroom education, teachers for students' language, thinking and other learning behaviors, to make timely value judgments.
2. Teachers' self-reflection: It is the subject of teachers' re-examination of their previous teaching practices, and their judgment and thinking about their rationality, success or failure.
Second grade science class work plan2
First, the analysis of the material
Science is mainly to the cultivation of scientific inquiry ability as the main line of the material, according to the process of inquiry is divided into "observation and questioning", "Conjecture and hypothesis", "planning and organization", "facts and evidence", "analysis and conclusion", "expression and communication" and other six groups, known as the "inquiry process ability", emphasizing the cultivation of ability at the same time, but also strengthened the cultivation of students' emotional attitudes and values; in the choice of inquiry activities, pay attention to the interest of the activities, prompting students to do hands on, hands on Practice; emphasize the application of scientific knowledge in real life, so that students gradually develop scientific habits and habits of life. Open "problem bank", so that students maintain and develop curiosity about the world around them and desire for knowledge; encourage students to make bold conjectures, cultivate the scientific quality of bold imagination; equipped with "small scientists record book", to cultivate the scientific attitude of students to respect the evidence; in the form of expression, give full consideration to primary school students. In the form of expression, give full consideration to the characteristics and laws of elementary school students to understand things, the use of games, cartoons, stories, fairy tales, riddles, poems, comic strips, science fiction works and other forms that are popular with elementary school students, to stimulate students to take the initiative to participate in the enthusiasm of scientific inquiry. In particular, the importance of penetrating the idea of environmental education, so that students grow up close to nature, appreciate nature, cherish life, treat the natural things in the surrounding environment, the pursuit of harmony between man and nature.
Sixth grade book includes five units of study. The first unit: the plant corner of the science; second unit: let life be full of sunshine; third unit: we do musical instruments; fourth unit: board the health express; fifth unit: we have experienced the process of scientific inquiry.
Second, the teaching objectives
To cultivate the scientific literacy of primary school students for the purpose of actively advocating that students experience inquiry-based learning activities, to cultivate their curiosity and desire to explore, to develop their understanding of the nature of science, so that they can learn to explore the problem-solving strategies for their lifelong learning and life to lay a good foundation.
1, to cultivate students' scientific thinking, and strive to develop students' problem-solving ability, so that students in their daily lives close to science, the use of science, science into their daily lives as a guide, and gradually develop scientific behavior and habits;
2, to understand the process and methods of scientific inquiry, so that students experience the whole process of scientific inquiry, from which they can Obtain scientific knowledge, growth of talent, experience the joy of scientific inquiry, understand the true meaning of science, and gradually learn to look at problems scientifically, think about problems;
3, continue to guide, guide students to learn to use assumptions, analyze the cause and effect relationship between things, focusing on observation of measurements in the experiments, in particular, controlling the variables, collecting data, and the results of the experiments make their own interpretations, and learn to build an explanatory model to verify their own hypotheses.
4, to maintain and develop curiosity about the world around them and the desire to know, to form a bold and careful, evidence-based, dare to question the scientific attitude and love of science, love of home, love of the motherland emotions;
5, close to nature, appreciate nature, cherish life, actively participate in the protection of resources and the environment, and care about the development of modern science and technology.
Third, teaching key points
Cultivate students' scientific thinking method, try to develop students' problem-solving ability, guide students to learn to use assumptions, analyze the causal relationship between things, focus on observing the measurements in the experiments, especially controlling variables, collecting data, and make their own interpretations of the results of the experiments, and learn to establish an explanatory model to verify their own assumptions.
Fourth, the student situation analysis:
1, the overall learning situation: I teach the sixth-grade students overall learning habits are poor, the first class will take the initiative to confess that never like science. They are generally accustomed to learning by rote, accustomed to being led by the teacher, rarely take the initiative to observe a section around and go to produce questions and thinking or experiments so as to obtain knowledge, not to mention the flexible use of life. As a result, the students' mastery of basic knowledge often stays only on the understanding, understanding is not very deep, the ability to use poor.
2, existing knowledge, experience: students due to a variety of conditions, the lack of general knowledge of science, scientific investigation ability and awareness is not strong. Parents and schools focus on language, mathematics and English teaching, so that students do not have much time and opportunity to contact nature, so that students did not do a good job in the observation, experimentation, investigation and other practical activities to obtain knowledge, develop their abilities, and cultivate thinking and emotion.
3, children's psychological analysis: in elementary school, children have a strong curiosity about the world around them and explore ___, they are happy to manipulate the concrete image of the object, and our science curriculum content close to the lives of elementary school students, emphasizing the use of elementary school students in line with the age of the characteristics of the way the study of science, the students will be on the science subjects to show a strong interest.
Fifth, the basic measures:
1, the general objectives of the science curriculum into each lesson;
2, grasp the characteristics of science learning for elementary school students, make the best use of the situation;
3, with colorful hands-on activities to enrich the teaching process;
4, so that the main way of science learning inquiry;
5, set up open Teaching concepts;
6, attentively guide students' science learning activities;
7, the establishment of science learning cooperative group, so that students learn in mutual communication, cooperation, help, discussion;
8, to give students the opportunity to ask questions and assumptions, and to guide the students to find their own hands to verify the evidence, after the processing of the mind, to come to their own conclusions, and put their own knowledge For problem-solving practice;
9, make full use of all kinds of curriculum resources and modern educational technology;
10, organization and guidance of scientific and technological interest groups, guiding students to participate in all kinds of relevant competitions in order to promote learning.
Second grade science class work plan 3
First, the analysis of teaching materials:
The textbook focuses on the cultivation of comprehensive ability, comprehensively improve the quality of students, follow the law of student understanding, gradually improve the ability to explore, pay attention to the strengthening of disciplinary links, cultivate students humanistic feelings, adhere to the students for the entire student body, to adapt to the difference between urban and rural education. According to the cognitive characteristics of students in all grades, the cognitive ability cultivation objectives of students in grades 3 to 6 are respectively determined as "perceiving science", "entering science" and "exploring science". The textbook divides the ability of inquiry process into "observation and questioning", "conjecture and hypothesis", "planning and organization", "facts and evidence", "modeling and evidence", and "modeling". "Modeling and Explaining". Science class so that students in the "do middle school" activities in the face of natural and scientific phenomena, through hands-on learning of basic scientific knowledge, in learning to continuously improve the ability of scientific inquiry.
Second, the analysis of the students taught:
Fourth-grade students are more active in thinking, in the experimental activities in the sense of cooperation has been formed, discipline is significantly better than the third grade. Enthusiasm for science is extremely high, love of science, love of nature.
Sixth-grade students through several years of science learning, most students have a strong interest in science class, already have a preliminary ability to explore, they have a strong curiosity about the world around them and explore _, willing to do, good at operation. Therefore, it is necessary to allow students to learn scientific knowledge in independent inquiry, cultivate the ability to explore and enhance scientific literacy.
Third, specific teaching measures:
1, first of all, to strengthen their own training in basic science teaching skills is the most important. Usually make full use of free time, study the science syllabus, science materials, seriously study the science teaching methodology, as soon as possible to become a qualified science teacher.
2, combined with the teaching class, the specific situation of the students taught, as far as possible in the classroom to create a _, harmonious, open teaching atmosphere. Students as the main body of classroom teaching, designing teaching methods for classroom teaching in line with the age characteristics of students, take all means to mobilize students to learn science enthusiasm and interest.
3, make full use of the experimental equipment, to do "more practice", more experiments to guide the students to find their own problems, solve problems, get harvest.
4, pay attention to students outside the classroom to expand the study, should not only stay in the classroom teaching, to take students out of the classroom, to nature, to the community, the study of science from the classroom extended to the activities of the course, extended to the family and society.
Fourth, the scientific characteristics of the activities
(a) science fiction painting
1, the purpose of the activities:
In order to further develop students' curiosity about the world around them and desire for knowledge, as well as boldly imaginative, innovative attitude towards science; cultivate the children to become close to nature, cherish life, love of home, and actively participate in the protection of resources and the environment awareness.
2. Activities:
Students can participate in the whole group, create a science-related dare to boldly innovate, meaningful paintings. Outstanding works will be awarded a certificate of honor.
(II) Tomorrow's Little Scientist
1, the purpose of the activity:
In order to further increase the hands-on ability of students, so that they develop the ability to observe well from childhood, dare to think. Through the development of scientific invention activities, so that students feel that science is beside them, is alive, and apply what they have learned in the invention, focusing on the development of students to use knowledge to solve practical problems.
2, the content of the activities:
Students can use the objects around them, their own design and creation, scientific invention. The content of the genre is not limited. Excellent works will be exhibited in the whole school.
Second grade science class work plan 4
First, the guiding ideology:
To cultivate the scientific quality of the students for the purpose of actively advocating that students personally experience inquiry-based learning activities, to cultivate their curiosity and desire to explore, to develop their understanding of the nature of science, so that they can learn to explore problem-solving strategies for their lifelong learning and life.
These are the first steps in the process of learning how to make a difference in the world.
Second, the teaching objectives:
1, through the process of experiencing the real scientific observation activities and experience; the initial experience of scientific observation needs to be careful, methodical; and in a series of observation and description of the activities of self-confidence.
2, guide and promote students to carry out investigative activities; encourage students to get close to and pay attention to the surrounding environment.
3, organizing and guiding students in the process of classroom teaching and learning to experience some of the basic process of observation activities, to experience the initial in the process of observation activities to raise questions, to find out more about the content of the process of observation; to experience the solution of the problems in the observation of the activities, to try to continuously improve the process of observation methods. 4, can be sequential, purposeful, and careful observation. Use look, touch, listen and other methods of observation, comprehensive use of the senses to perceive things.
5, can use words, drawings, tables and other forms of recording and presenting observations. They can communicate with their classmates and evaluate each other's observations.
6, can consult the information to understand the relevant issues.
7. In the various activities of observation and research, students can gradually focus on the facts, pay attention to observation, respect the opinions of others, dare to put forward different opinions, and enjoy cooperation and communication. At the same time through the observation of water, to maintain and develop students willing to explore and discover the mystery of things around _.
Third, teaching measures:
In order to better complete this semester's teaching goals, for our school students in this year's graduation exams in the science subject of the actual situation, combined with the school's sub-theme "guide, learning, practice" teaching mode, breakthrough materials, solve the key points, combined with the actual students in the fifth and sixth grades, I have drawn up the following Teaching measures:
1, the classroom routine in order: textbooks, notebooks ready to be placed on the desk, the bell stops on time on (next) class, each other do not encroach on time.
2, the classroom at any time to ask questions to evaluate the points: the content of the points (speaking, listening, guessing, dare to put forward different opinions, reasonable suggestions, innovative design, etc.), timely evaluation feedback, so that students instantly grasp their usual situation.
3, the implementation of experimental scoring assessment: in order to make each student's ability to develop, the implementation of team leader, experimenter, recorder rotation system, the experimental record assessment system.
4, students are required to observe more scientific phenomena in life, and can use the knowledge to solve one or several life problems, the real realization of the life of science.
5, the implementation of the classroom content of the classroom understanding of mastery, the next session of the question marking system, a unit of practice a quiz model, classroom assignments, timely correction, so that students develop the habit of completing their homework in a timely manner, but also the implementation of homework assessment.
Second grade science class work plan 5
The main tasks of this semester's work are: to improve and perfect the system of teaching and research and the way of work, and strive to construct _, open, efficient teaching and research mechanism; serious study of the function of the curriculum, curriculum structure, curriculum content, curriculum implementation, curriculum evaluation and curriculum management, in-depth understanding and timely It is to solve the difficulties and problems in teaching; to summarize and promote the teaching experience, to explore the law of teaching, and to continuously improve the professional level of teachers' teaching and the ability of primary and secondary schools to build and manage the curriculum in the practice of curriculum reform.
The strategy of this semester's work is to "fully develop mass teaching research, strengthen guidance and improve services". Science teaching research should establish the concept of people-oriented, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the majority of front-line teachers, closely around the basic issues in the implementation of the curriculum, in-depth and comprehensive, solid and effective to carry out, group efforts, *** with the discussion. The science subject teachers team into a united *** with the body, research *** with the body, the development of the *** with the body.
Second, the focus of the work
(a) to strengthen learning and improve the theoretical level of education and teaching
1. Carefully arranged series of learning content, speak of relevance and effectiveness.
(1) careful study and research of the "Science Curriculum Standards", systematic study of the new textbooks, both scientific curriculum reform conceptual, academic thinking; and scientific theme of the educational form of research.
(2) To study and research the theory and experience of effective teaching strategies and teaching evaluation.
(3) Serious study and research on the theory and experience of research-based learning, school-based curriculum development and promotion of school-based teaching and research.
(4) Studying and researching the monographs on the teaching cases of "learning by doing".
2. To carefully organize various learning activities and actively build a learning organization.
(1) continue to invite the province's well-known curriculum and teaching experts for science teachers to make education and teaching theory learning counseling report. From the different needs of teachers, to take "participatory" "seminar" and other forms of learning to improve the effect of theoretical learning.
(2) Organize thematic academic salons from time to time to create a good academic atmosphere, and provide conditions and opportunities for different types of teachers to exchange experience in educational and teaching reform, and to explore ways and means of improving their own quality.
(2) Strengthening guidance and management to enhance the level of curriculum implementation
1. Strengthening curriculum management, guiding schools and science teachers to implement and enforce the state's curriculum plans, and eliminating irregularities.
2. Strengthen the training efforts of the new teaching materials. Fully mobilize the city (district) full-time (part-time) teacher and researcher, each school subject leader, backbone teachers, the teaching world of new talent group strength, in the province to participate in the training of the new textbooks based on the ___ city in an orderly manner to carry out the analysis of teaching material chapters, lesson plan design, research on teaching methodology and the construction of educational resources and other aspects of the research. The teachers were instructed to eat through the new teaching materials and fully grasp the intention of writing the new teaching materials.
3. Integration of the city's teaching and research strength, led by the Municipal Teaching and Research Office, for the curriculum reform of the key and difficult to set up a thematic research group to carry out special research. This semester's special research focuses on: Sino-French cooperation "do middle school" project in-depth research and moderate promotion of **** into; the second is "the same problem is different" diversified teaching design and personalized teaching implementation; to strengthen the classroom teaching dynamics to generate resources for the study, and to improve the practice of teachers' teaching. In practice to improve the teaching wisdom of teachers.
4. orderly promotion of the "Chunhui Project", strengthen the elementary school science "fine class" construction, **** build quality educational resources, and promote the coordinated development of science education in the city.
5. According to the local curriculum resources integration and development of some of the more distinctive local courses, such as the study of common plants and animals in their hometowns, home water resources research, sericulture, and so on, to further expand the horizons of the students, enhance the students' love for their hometowns emotionally, and to enrich the connotation of moral education.
6. Combined with the systematization of the construction of the science discipline base, regularly carry out various forms of base activities, to show the city's discipline teachers base research.
(C) improve the teaching and research methods, improve the quality of teaching and research
Give full play to the core function of the teaching and research work for the creative implementation of the new curriculum in the process of the role of the driving force, guiding teachers to fully and comprehensively interpret the "Science" curriculum standards, effectively improve the quality of teaching, promote the professional development of teachers, improve the school curriculum construction capacity.
1. Reform the traditional teaching and research methods, mobilize teachers to participate in teaching and research enthusiasm, and teachers *** with the consultation, equal dialogue, and guide teachers to carry out teaching and research activities on their own, and give full play to the teaching and research base school and the municipalities (districts) of the central group of the scientific discipline of the role of the study and radiation, and improve the quality of teaching and research.
2. In various forms, flexible, effective, and give full play to the guiding function of the science discipline base, to the city's discipline teachers to show the discipline base research atmosphere and role model style.
3. Carry out various forms of classroom teaching seminars and observation activities, in order to form a new model of science classroom teaching with local characteristics.
4. Effectively strengthen the implementation of specific experimental projects, cultivate typical, improve the research level of curriculum implementation. In particular, we should take the Sino-French cooperation "do middle school" science education program as a hand, in the serious summary and deep reflection on the basis of further in-depth development of teaching cases of imitation (vigorously advocate) and creation (moderate attempt). Comprehensively improve the ability of teachers to explore curriculum resources in depth as well as the skills of innovation in classroom teaching practice.
5. Strengthen the guidance of the work of the school teaching and research group, according to the "___ primary and secondary school teaching and research group construction charter", regularly check the work of the school teaching and research group.
6. Organize various thematic and thematic academic salons from time to time to create a good academic atmosphere, and provide conditions and opportunities for different types of science teachers to exchange experience in educational and teaching reforms, and to explore ways and means of improving their own quality.
7. Continue to collect, optimize, and organize "teaching situation design, classroom teaching records and evaluation", and actively discover, summarize, and promote the teaching reform achievements of front-line teachers.
(D) emphasis on educational research, deepen the subject of research
1. Explore the principles and methods of elementary school science subject research, improve the effectiveness of subject research. Scientific research should pay attention to applied research, action research, field research, micro research; should pay attention to qualitative research; should focus on classroom teaching, curriculum construction and other specific issues: emphasize the value of the results and the value of the process, and advocate the "process of growth" concept of action.
2. Systematically carry out the provincial key issues "scientific inquiry, penetration of metacognitive elements of practice and research" of the final work.
(E) reform the evaluation method, improve the evaluation system
1. Gradually establish the development of students as the core, to the student self-assessment, student mutual evaluation, teacher evaluation of students as an important element of classroom teaching immediate evaluation system.
2. Helping some schools to gradually establish and improve student academic (student growth) record bags, and exploring the establishment of a process evaluation system to promote student development.
3. Gradually mature ___ city elementary school science subject effective teaching sample testing research work, in line with the laws of science education proposition theory to explore, the proposition of scientific research into depth.
4. Explore the mode of elementary school science experimental operation examination, is the elementary school science evaluation system focus on the need to strengthen the link.
(F) the organization of various types of research and training activities to promote the professional growth of teachers
The key to the implementation of the new curriculum is to have a quantity and quality of teachers can be guaranteed. Curriculum reform on the level of teachers' education and teaching put forward higher requirements, its success or failure is largely determined by the business level of teachers. Therefore, the organization of the necessary training, research, summary, promotion and competition activities, can promote the development of the teaching force.
1. Continue to undertake the task of continuing education for elementary school science teachers, fully developed around the core content of the curriculum reform, to provide protection for the implementation of the new curriculum. Seriously organizing various forms of effective training activities for the new curriculum, guiding teachers to further change the concept of education, enhance the awareness of the curriculum and the level of implementation of the curriculum for the implementation of the new curriculum to provide a strong guarantee.
2. Organize the "Science" curriculum standards, the new textbook learning and training activities, guiding science teachers to clarify the direction of curriculum reform of the science disciplines; the formation of disciplinary research groups, to overcome the difficulties and improve the ability to understand the curriculum.
3. Provincial experimental elementary school as a leader, and actively explore ways and means to improve the quality of teaching of science subjects in elementary school, and take active measures to steadily improve the level of teaching of science in elementary school on a large scale.
4. Strengthen the training of young science teachers, explore new ways to promote the professional growth of young teachers, new methods: young science teachers as the main body of the subject of research as an entry point to improve the effectiveness of classroom teaching as the main line, to increase the training of young science teachers; through a two-way choice, for young teachers to determine the teaching guide (to the teacher-researcher, subject leader, backbone teachers), purposefully carry out the "pass". Purpose to carry out "pass" "help" "with" and exchange activities to promote the healthy growth of young teachers; continue to grasp the young teachers of the subject of research work, guiding young teachers to carry out small The first time I saw this, I was able to see it in a few minutes.
5. According to the relevant provisions of the provincial and municipal education and research offices, the relevant disciplines to organize teachers' teaching ability competitions, subject evaluation activities.
(VII) Strengthen self-construction, improve research capacity
1. Strengthen the theoretical study of the teacher-researcher himself, to establish their own research direction and topic, improve the level of professional research.
2. Further strengthen the municipalities (districts) of the work of the teacher-researcher guidance, to promote the level of equalization of the level of teaching and research in various regions.
3. Teacher-researchers practiced hard, constantly enhanced their sense of service, improved their ability to serve, and worked hard to improve their own level of curriculum theory, the quality of their professional papers, their ability to study and practice classroom teaching, and the standard of their teaching and research activities, to ensure that in the process of advancing the new curriculum, the overall level of professional leadership can be greatly improved.
Second grade science class work plan Related articles :
★ Second grade science teaching plan
★ Elementary school teaching work plan for the second grade
★ 2020 elementary school teaching work for the second grade of mathematics Plan
★ Health Education Work Plan for 2nd Grade in Primary School
★ 5 Classroom Teacher Work Plans for 2nd Grade in Primary School 2020
★ Classroom Teacher Work Plan for 2nd Grade in Primary School 2020
★ Teaching Work Plan for 2nd Grade in Primary School 2020 in Language Subjects
★ 5 Classroom Teacher Work Plans for 2nd Grade in Primary School 2020
★ 5 Language Teacher Work Plans for 2nd Grade in Primary School 2020
- Previous article:What classic TV dramas have Shandong people filmed?
- Next article:Characteristics of virtual organization
- Related articles
- Germans drank less beer last year because of the epidemic. What kind of beer culture does Germany have?
- Can the countryside build its own house next year?
- On the pre-Chinese New Year condolences to poor households program selected 7 articles
- C language experts please come in the next traditional C language program a performance management system
- Ten recommended tourist attractions in Zhangzhou.
- What snacks do you have for dinner?
- Physical education and health knowledge handwritten newspaper
- Copy of Friends Circle in Lantern Festival (popular 90 sentences)
- What does CT mean
- Yellow River Culture Illustration Graduation Design - How to write a painting brief on the theme of Yellow River Culture