What are the characteristics of bus technology compared with traditional circuit connection?

Classification of embedded bus technology

I. Internal bus, system bus and external bus

1

, internal bus

Internal Bus

: Connect all structural units of the processor internally. Its width can be

be

eight

、

16

、

32

or

64

A little.

Several popular internal bus technologies:

I

2

C

tree trunk

I

2

C

(

Internal integrated circuit

) bus

10

Many years ago by

Philips

In recent years, the company has been developing in microelectronics communication control.

A new bus standard widely used in the field.

This is a special form of synchronous communication,

Interface line

Less, simplified control mode, small equipment packaging form, high communication rate and so on. In master-slave communication, it can

So there are multiple.

I

2

C

Simultaneous connection of bus devices

I

2

C

On the bus, communication objects are identified by addresses.

energy

tree trunk

serial peripheral interface

energy

(

serial peripheral interface

) bus technology is

Motorola Inc

Company promotion

A synchronous serial interface is developed.

Motorola Inc

Most of the company's production

Microprogramming controller

(microcontroller) all match.

have

energy

Hardware interfaces, such as

Sixty-eight

series

Microprogramming controller

energy

Bus is a three-wire synchronous bus because of its hardware function.

Can be very strong, so, use

energy

The related software is quite simple, so

cpu

Have more time to deal with others.

Deal.

Science (same as science)

tree trunk

Science (same as science)

Science (same as science)

(

sci

)

Also by

Motorola Inc

The company launched it.

This is a universal asynchronous communication interface.

Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter

, and

MCS-5 1

The asynchronous communication function of is basically the same.

2

, system bus:

The system bus is also called internal bus or board-level bus. Because the bus is used to connect microcomputers.

Functional components form a complete microcomputer system,

So it is called the system bus.

Commonly used are

personal computer

Buses,

At (a certain time or moment); In (study or work place); In (somewhere)

Bus (

personal savings account

Bus)

、

Interconnection standard between computer and its peripheral equipment

Buses, etc.

The information transmitted on the system bus includes data information,

Address information,

Control information,

Therefore,

System bus package

Buses with three different functions,

I.e. data bus

decibel

(

Data bus

)

、

Address bus

ab blood type

(

address

bus

) and control bus.

Civil band

(

Control bus

)

Several popular system bus technologies:

personal savings account

tree trunk

personal savings account

(

industrial

standard

architecture

) The bus standard is

International business machines Corp.

company

1984

Launched in 2008

PC/AT

The establishment of computer and system bus standards, so it is also called.

At (a certain time or moment); In (study or work place); In (somewhere)

Bus. This is right.

Cross talk/tone (short for Crosstalk)

Expansion of the bus,

To adapt

8/ 16

Bit data bus requirements. It came in.

80286

Until/very

80486

The application of the times is so extensive that now

In Pentium machines, there are still

personal savings account

Bus slot.

personal savings account

The bus has

98

Pin only.

Extended industry standard architecture.

tree trunk

Extended industry standard architecture.

The bus is

1988

Nianyou

Compaq computer company (a famous computer manufacturer in the United States)

wait for

nine

Bus standard jointly launched by two companies. It came in.

personal savings account

total

Line based on the use of double-layer socket, in the original

personal savings account

Transport by bus

98

A signal line has been added.

98

Banded signal

Ok, that is, split in two.

personal savings account

Add a line between the signal lines.

Extended industry standard architecture.

Signal line. Actually,

Extended industry standard architecture.

total

The lines are completely compatible.

personal savings account

Bus signal.

video electronics standards association

tree trunk

video electronics standards association

(

videotape

electronics

standard

unite

) the bus is

1992

Nianyou

60

Jia accessory ka manufacturing

A local bus jointly launched by manufacturers, referred to as

VL(VESA local bus)

Bus. Its derivative is a microcomputer.

The innovation of system bus architecture laid the foundation. The bus system has considered

cpu

Main memory summation

stash

Direct connection, this part of the bus is usually called

cpu

Bus or main bus through which other devices pass.

VL

total

Line sum

cpu

Bus connection, so

VL

A bus is called a local bus. It defines

32

Bit data lines, and

Can be expanded through the expansion slot.

64

Bit, using

33 MHz

Clock frequency, maximum transmission rate up to

132 MB/ s

, but

and

cpu

Synchronous work.

It's a high speed,

Efficient local bus,

Supportable

386SX

、

386DX

、

486SX

、

486DX

And a Pentium microprocessor.

Interconnection standard between computer and its peripheral equipment

tree trunk

Interconnection standard between computer and its peripheral equipment

(

Peripheral component

interknit

) bus is one of the most popular buses at present, which is made up of

Intel Corporation of the United States (one of the Fortune 500 companies is famous for producing CPU chips)

A local bus introduced by the company. It defines

32

Bit data bus and can be extended to

64

A little.

Interconnection standard between computer and its peripheral equipment

The size of the bus motherboard slot is smaller than the original one.

personal savings account

The bus slot is smaller, and its function is better than.

video electronics standards association

、

personal savings account

Have a maximum value

Improvement,

Support burst read and write operations,

The maximum transmission rate can be reached.

132 MB/ s

Multiple sets of peripherals can be supported at the same time.

Equipment.

Interconnection standard between computer and its peripheral equipment

The local bus is not compatible with the existing bus.

personal savings account

、

Extended industry standard architecture.

、

MicroChannel Architecture

(

Microchannel architecture

)

Bus, but it is not limited by the processor, it is based on a new generation of microprocessors such as Pentium.

Compact PCI

Compact PCI

way

"

solid

PCI "

This is the first passive bus backplane structure.

Interconnection standard between computer and its peripheral equipment

System,

be

Interconnection standard between computer and its peripheral equipment

The electrical and software standards of the bus and the industrial assembly standards of European cards,

It's the latest today.

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Industrial computer standard.

Compact PCI

This is the original

Interconnection standard between computer and its peripheral equipment

Based on the bus, it uses

Interconnection standard between computer and its peripheral equipment

The advantage of providing satisfaction

High-performance core systems for industrial environment applications,

At the same time, we also consider making full use of traditional bus products.

such as

personal savings account

、

Doctor of theology.

、

VME

or

PC/ 104

In order to extend the system

Input-output

And other functions.

PCI-E

tree trunk

PCI Express

It is also a popular point-to-point serial connection in the industry, compared with

Interconnection standard between computer and its peripheral equipment

Earlier.

* * * Parallel architecture of future computer bus,

Each device has its own dedicated connection,

You don't need to tell everything.

Bus request bandwidth,

But also can increase the data transmission rate to a very high frequency,

reach

Interconnection standard between computer and its peripheral equipment

impossible

Provide high bandwidth. Compared with tradition

Interconnection standard between computer and its peripheral equipment

The bus can only realize unidirectional transmission in a single time period,

Interconnection standard between computer and its peripheral equipment

express

Double simplex connection can provide higher transmission rate and quality, and the difference between them is the same as half duplex.

Similar to full duplex.

3. ExternalBus: Also known as communication bus, it is a bus between microcomputer systems or between microcomputer systems and their systems.

(

Instruments, meters, controllers, etc.

)

The path of information transfer between, such as

EIA RS-232C

、

IEEE-488

Wait a minute.

Second, the parallel bus and serial bus (according to the transmission mode)

1, parallel bus: such as VME bus and PCI bus.

2. Serial bus: such as RS-232, RS-485, RS-422A, USB, Ethernet and I2C bus.

The transmission speed of serial bus is faster than that of parallel bus, and the clock of parallel bus is generally 33MHz or 66MHz.

Three, synchronous bus and asynchronous bus (by clock signal)

1. Synchronization bus: I2C bus, SPI bus, PCI bus and CPCI bus.

2. Asynchronous buses: SCI bus, IEEE 488 and ANSI X 3.131-1986 SCSI bus and VME bus.