The first thing you need to know is how to give your child zinc.

Children's zinc supplementation depends on a balanced diet

After 5 years of age, children can completely from the food intake of zinc. So we need to educate our children to develop a good habit of not picking and choosing what they eat, focusing on a reasonably balanced diet, and mixing and matching coarse and fine grains, vegetables, and fruits. In this way, children are generally not deficient in zinc. Usually do not let the child eat too much sugar and sweets, so as not to affect the absorption of zinc. The zinc drugs can never be taken as a universal "nutritional tonic", long-term application.

Pediatric zinc supplementation should be based on age, the severity of zinc deficiency

For general infant malabsorption or loss of zinc deficiency, the beginning of the available daily 1mg/kg zinc sulfate, zinc gluconate orally can be, and plasma zinc levels should be closely monitored. In order to facilitate absorption, oral zinc is best taken 1 to 2 hours before meals. Taking zinc with increased protein intake and treatment of iron-deficiency anemia may result in faster improvement of zinc deficiency. General zinc gluconate will have some side effects, such as irritation of the stomach, etc. It is recommended to take Gogixin tablets, non-irritating, sweet taste, high absorption.

For infants who cannot be supplemented with zinc via the gastrointestinal tract, it is recommended that zinc be given intravenously: 0.4 mg/kg per day for preterm infants, 0.2 mg/kg per day for term infants less than 3 months of age, 0.1 mg/kg per day for older infants and toddlers, and 0.05 mg/kg per day for children. plasma zinc should be tested at all times. Treatment should be hospitalized and not implemented blindly.

1, to promote human growth and development

In the growth and development of children, adolescents, if the lack of zinc, will lead to poor development, intestinal flora imbalance. A serious lack of zinc will lead to "dwarfism" and mental retardation.

2, to maintain a normal human appetite

Zinc deficiency can lead to a decrease in taste, anorexia, partiality and even anorexia, intestinal flora imbalance.

3, enhance human immunity

Zinc is an immune organ thymus development of nutrients, only the amount of zinc is sufficient to effectively ensure the development of thymus, the normal differentiation of T lymphocytes, to promote cellular immune function.

4, to promote the healing of wounds and traumas

Zinc supplements were first used in clinical practice is used to treat skin diseases.

5, affecting the metabolism of vitamin A and normal vision

Zinc is clinically shown to be beneficial to the eyes, is because zinc has the role of promoting vitamin A absorption. Vitamin A can not be absorbed without zinc. Vitamin A is normally stored in the liver, and when the body needs it, it is transported into the bloodstream, a process that is "mobilized" by zinc.

How to correctly supplement zinc

It is recommended that the best way to supplement zinc for babies is through dietary supplementation.

The zinc content of animal food is higher than that of plant food, and the amino acids produced by the decomposition of animal proteins can promote the absorption of zinc, which is absorbed at about 50%, while the phytic acid and cellulose contained in plant food can be combined with zinc to form a compound that is insoluble in water, which prevents the human body from absorbing zinc, and the rate of absorption is only about 20%. Therefore, parents should prepare more animal food for their babies to supplement the zinc.

The absorption of zinc depends to a greater extent on the presence of iron, calcium and phosphorus. In order to prevent zinc deficiency, children should be encouraged to eat more zinc-rich foods, such as: lean meat, pig liver, fish, egg yolks, oysters, squid, red meat, animal liver, etc., to develop good eating habits, not partiality and picky eating. Try to avoid eating refined food for a long time, and pay attention to coarse and fine combinations in your diet. Rice, corn, white flour, vegetables and fruits contain less than 5 mg, in the consumption of these foods to pay attention to zinc supplementation.

If the baby is seriously deficient in zinc, dietary supplementation is not yet enough to make up for, you can let the baby take zinc supplements, zinc supplementation will be more effective.

Zinc is one of the essential trace elements for children's growth and development. Zinc is found in skeletal muscle and bone in 83% of the body's proportion, however, it has no specific form of storage and needs to be continually ingested from outside sources.

Surveys have found that China's intake of zinc from meat is much lower than in developed regions such as Europe, the United States, and Canada. Zinc plays an extremely important role in children's growth and development, reproductive genetics, immunity, endocrinology, and other important physiological processes, so zinc supplementation is essential for Chinese children!

Average Daily Amounts of Selected Nutrients and Food Components in the Native Food Supply

(1) Affects brain development and memory function.

(2) affects bone synthesis, calcification, is not conducive to bone development, affecting the growth of children.

(3) Affects appetite and hinders physical development.

(4) Reduce immunity, easy to get sick.

(5) Easy to mouth ulcers.

(6) Yellowish skin, no luster, bad hair, difficult to heal wounds.

(7) Loss of vision, and in severe cases, susceptible to night blindness.

Zinc as the body's essential trace elements, can not be synthesized in the body, supplementation of zinc can only rely on the food or medicine to supply. The most natural way to get zinc is to take it from food, and most of it can be supplemented by a normal diet. However, if the lab tests show that your child is deficient in zinc, you should take medication under the guidance of your doctor to avoid a deficiency of zinc that could affect your child's normal growth and development.

Currently, it is recommended that the lower limit of normal serum zinc levels for children under the age of 10 be 10.07 μmo]/L (65 μg/dl).

(1) Food supplementation of zinc

Meat and eggs: lean pork, beef, animal liver, egg yolks

Seafood: oysters, herring

Fruits and vegetables: carrots, beans, corn, Chinese cabbage, apples, jujube, pear

Crude grains: wheat, cornmeal, millet

Nuts: walnuts

(2) medication to supplement zinc

In the children's medication to supplement zinc before the hospital must be examined in the diagnosis of zinc deficiency before supplementation of zinc gluconate, licorice zinc granules and so on. Generally, the medication should be limited to 2-4 months, and the medication should be discontinued as soon as the zinc level is normalized.

Although zinc has the title of "spark of life" and "source of intelligence", but in fact, as a trace element, the human body's daily demand is not large.

Although zinc has the title of "spark of life" and "source of intelligence", in fact, as a trace element, the human body's daily demand is not large, so zinc supplementation should be appropriate, do not overdo.

Children who eat too much zinc can cause acute zinc poisoning, vomiting, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms; in addition, children's gastrointestinal function is still not sound, excessive zinc is difficult to be discharged out of the body, the body's zinc content is also too high to inhibit the body of iron and copper, the absorption of vitamin C, and cause iron deficiency anemia. Excessive zinc will also affect calcium absorption, so that children's immunity to decline, poor resistance to disease.

Thank you to the reviewer: Wu Xuexin, Jinan Children's Hospital

The above answer was provided by Li Xiuyun, Jinan Children's Hospital!

There are three main types of food that babies can consume zinc from: breast milk, formula, and complementary foods.

1. Breastmilk

Referring to the information in the "Dietary Nutrient Reference Intakes for Chinese Residents (2013 Edition)", breastmilk generally contains 284.4μg/100g of zinc, and if a baby can consume 780g of breastmilk per day, that is, roughly 800mL, the baby's intake of zinc will reach 2.2mg, which is sufficient for the baby's health. 2.2mg of zinc, which is perfectly fine.

2, formula

According to the provisions of GB10765-2010 Infant Formula, the content of zinc in formula should be 0.12mg/100kJ~0.36mg/100kJ, and the energy of general formula per 100g is about 1900kJ, so the conversion of

The Chinese Nutrition Society suggests that formula babies should be guaranteed at least 600mL of milk per day, and according to the calculation of 100mL of milk for every 13 grams, then the zinc intake of babies from the formula per day is 1.78mg~5.33mg.

From this

From this range, as long as the amount of milk is guaranteed, formula milk can meet the baby's daily zinc needs. According to the incomplete statistics of the stupid father, the zinc content of most of the formula milk is between 3.5mg~4.5mg/100g, and the zinc intake of 600mL of milk per day is 2.7~3.5mg, so there is no zinc deficiency in the normal way.

3, rice flour

Rice flour is usually fortified with zinc, according to the incomplete statistics of the stupid father, the zinc content of the original rice flour is usually between 3.5~5mg/100g, and the zinc intake of the three meals per day can be up to 2.8~3.75mg.

That is to say, the stage of the 0.5~1 year old baby, under normal circumstances, will not be able to achieve zinc deficiency. The baby, under normal circumstances, will not be deficient in zinc.

4, other complementary foods, staple food

Common food, also contains more zinc, 6 months after the baby can start to increase this aspect of the food, so they are also another important way to intake of zinc.

In general, red meat, animal offal is an excellent source of zinc, for example, pig liver contains 5.78mg/100g of zinc; followed by shrimp, wheat, peanuts, eggs and so on are good sources of zinc. In addition, the usual plant foods, such as vegetables and fruits are relatively low in zinc.

Taken together, babies between the ages of 0 and 3 with a normal, balanced diet do not need to take any additional zinc supplements.

Of course, there are exceptions, in case the baby does not have enough milk or does not like to drink formula and does not like to eat complementary foods, then it may be at risk of zinc deficiency, and then you can choose to specialize in zinc supplements.

Zinc is one of the essential nutrients in human life and is the second most abundant trace element in the human body after iron. Zinc is the human body a variety of enzymes and active proteins necessary factors to maintain the stability of the body's cell membranes play a very important role, and can improve human cognitive ability and central nervous system activities, enhance immune function has an important role. It is also essential for genetic metabolism and the maintenance of normal taste and vision. Zinc deficiency can lead to a series of diseases. Such as growth stagnation, delayed pubertal development, anorexia, anorexia, low immune function easy to infection, skin and mucous membrane manifestations of abnormalities, wounds for a long time, if pregnant women lack of zinc is likely to fetal intrauterine growth retardation, caused by vitamin A metabolism abnormalities caused by night blindness, night vision difficulties, and so on.

Zinc is widely distributed in the human body, is to the enzyme components exist in the body, is known to the body more than 300 kinds of enzymes contain zinc; almost all the tissues, organs, body fluids and secretions contain zinc. Almost all tissues, organs, body fluids and secretions contain zinc. Those with relatively high content include liver, skeletal muscle, skin, hair, nails, eyes and prostate. The zinc in both bones and hair is relatively fixed and not readily available to the body for metabolism or use by the tissues. Adult blood contains very little zinc, only 0.5% of the total zinc in the body, and the zinc in the blood is mainly in the red blood cells (about 75% to 88% of the blood zinc), plasma zinc is only 12 to 23% of the blood zinc.

Zinc is absorbed mainly in the duodenum and proximal small intestine. Into the body a large number of zinc and polymer protein binding, and another part of the binding with metallothionein. When the body is in urgent need of zinc, these proteins release zinc, which is bound to albumin in the blood and enters the blood circulation, and some of the zinc is also bound to ferritin and transported to the blood, so that the rate of zinc absorption will increase. When zinc is in equilibrium in the body, 90% of excess zinc intake (including dietary or supplemental zinc) is excreted in the feces, with the rest being excreted or lost in urine, sweat, semen, dander and hair. However, dietary foods rich in phytic acid, oxalates, dietary fiber, and polyphenols (tannins) can also inhibit zinc absorption.

Because zinc is transported and absorbed through the above pathways in the body, if too much supplemental iron, calcium will reduce the rate of zinc absorption; on the contrary, supplemental zinc will not only not be absorbed, but will also reduce the absorption of iron and other 2-valent elements, such as copper, manganese, calcium and so on, resulting in a barrier to the absorption of these nutrients. Excessive zinc supplementation can also cause gastrointestinal discomfort, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. The general dietary zinc content does not cause poisoning, but zinc toxicity may occur if supplementation is done through medication. Acute zinc toxicity can cause convulsions, coma, dehydration, and shock, resulting in death. Acute zinc poisoning can cause convulsions, coma, dehydration and shock, resulting in death. Chronic zinc poisoning is manifested as loss of appetite, mental depression, serum iron and serum copper decline and persistent anemia.

At present, in the process of clinical diagnosis, serum zinc, leukocyte zinc, erythrocyte zinc, hair zinc and salivary zinc have been used as indicators of zinc nutritional status for evaluation, but they do not fully reflect the nutritional status of zinc in the body. Currently, there is no accurate and uniform standard for trace element testing in the world. Because of the many factors affecting the results of trace element measurements, it is not accurate or reliable to evaluate the nutritional status of zinc (including other trace elements and macronutrients) by means of venous blood, finger blood and hair zinc tests. Trace element measurements are also subject to environmental and operational conditions. For example, hair zinc is affected by a variety of factors such as hair cleanliness, hair quality, individual growth and development, and environmental contamination, and therefore does not reflect the nutritional status of zinc. Blood tests for zinc are also inaccurate. Because blood contains very little zinc, and most of it is stored in the red blood cells, the staff will be mixed with tissue fluid during the blood collection process, which will make the results of the originally very low blood zinc test even lower.

Therefore, parents and healthcare professionals should be clear-eyed and cautious about nutritional zinc deficiency. Doctors cannot make a diagnosis on the basis of fingerprints, hair, or micronutrient tests of venous blood alone, but also on the basis of clinical symptoms, and can only give zinc treatment if the diagnosis is confirmed. Parents need to be careful because zinc supplementation is a treatment rather than a health food. If you do need to take zinc supplements, it is recommended that you use pure zinc preparations and not combination drugs, such as zinc and other elements, which can easily cause nutrient imbalances in the body.

How can you meet your baby's zinc needs in your daily life? In fact, it is very simple, for infants, breastfeeding is beneficial to prevent zinc deficiency. The zinc content of human colostrum is three to four times higher than that of mature milk. The bioavailability of zinc in human milk is higher than that of soy protein and cow's milk, but of course there is a great deal of individual variation in the amount of zinc in human milk, mainly related to dietary zinc intake during pregnancy and lactation. Currently, milk formulas are fortified with appropriate amounts of zinc. Children should be given complementary foods on time, with attention paid to a reasonable mix of complementary foods and the promotion of "natural foods and balanced diets". As long as the dietary structure is reasonable, to ensure that the daily intake of animal food, vegetables, fruits, cereals, and the appropriate addition of coarse grains, to achieve the mix of coarse and fine, to ensure that these foods are not lacking can be.

We do not recognize the use of zinc supplements to meet the need for zinc in a child's growth and development.

Zinc deficiency in babies can lead to loss of appetite, anorexia, impaired growth, delayed wound healing, poor immune function, and recurrent infections. It is mostly seen in patients with premature birth, twin births, multiple births, artificial feeding, and malnourished children, chronic diarrhea, and intestinal malabsorption syndrome.

Zinc deficiency is usually treated with oral zinc supplementation, you can choose zinc gluconate, zinc sulfate, zinc acetate, the daily dose of 0.5-1mg/kg elemental zinc, the course of treatment for 2-3 months, for the children who can not be taken orally or malabsorbed after oral intake, the need for intravenous zinc supplementation.

At the same time to encourage breastfeeding, preterm babies, artificial feeding, malnutrition, chronic diarrhea, rapid growth and development of children should be appropriate supplementation of zinc, and a reasonable diet, supplementation of zinc-rich foods, such as lean meat, egg yolks, fish, oysters, cheese and so on. #39 Healthy super group #

Baby if there is a zinc deficiency, not serious can use food to, usually add some zinc content of food, eat some sea fish, nuts, fungus, green vegetables, edible fungi and so on. For example, give the baby to do sea fish, sea shrimp, walnuts, peanuts, sesame seeds such as nuts and other food broken up to the baby porridge, are very good zinc food. Supplement some zinc gluconate when necessary.

Different ages of babies have different needs for zinc. 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding of babies can be obtained from breast milk enough to meet the baby's growth and development of zinc, formula milk is also added to meet the baby's needs of zinc; 6 months, in the daily feeding of breast milk about 5 times a day or about 600 milliliters of formula milk at the same time gradually add complementary foods, there is no need for additional supplementation of zinc; 1 year later, if the baby can consume 500 times a day, it is not necessary to supplement zinc. After 6 months of age, no additional zinc supplements are needed if the baby is able to consume about 500 ml of milk, 1 egg, 1 tael of meat, and liver or foods such as scallops, oysters, and small walnuts once a week. As a result, healthy babies who are fed normally do not usually develop a zinc deficiency.

Foods high in zinc include: oyster meat, wheat germ flour, small walnuts (cooked), fresh scallops, oyster meat, mussels and white mushrooms, beef fore-tendon meat, fried pumpkin seeds, lean mutton and liver.

If the baby suffers from diarrhea for more than 2 weeks, it is necessary to take additional zinc supplements under the guidance of a doctor. Because long-term diarrhea is easy to cause zinc deficiency. If your baby has recurrent mouth ulcers, poor appetite, or poor growth, he or she may have a zinc deficiency and should be examined by a doctor.

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Zinc is essential to the health and development of adults and children. Knowing how much zinc your child needs, the best sources, and how to avoid getting too much or too little is something parents need to do well.

Why is zinc important for children?

More than 70 enzymes depend on zinc for their role in digestion and metabolism. Children who don't get enough zinc tend to be stunted.

Ages 1 to 3 years: 3 milligrams per day

Ages 4 to 8 years: 5 milligrams per day

Children do not need to consume the right amount of zinc every day. An average over the course of a few days or a week is sufficient.

Zinc can be found in a wide variety of foods. Here are some of the best sources of zinc:

60 grams of edible breakfast cereal: 2.5 milligrams

28 grams of dry roasted almonds: 1 milligram

60 grams of low-fat fruit yogurt: 0.8 milligrams

1 packet of instant oatmeal: 0.8 milligrams

30 grams of nonfat cheese: 0.8 milligrams

1/4 roasted chicken leg: 0.6 mg

30 g lentils: 0.6 mg

30 g raw tofu prepared with calcium sulfate: 0.5 mg

(Note: Tofu varies in nutrient content, depending on how it is processed.)

30 grams of cooked peas: 0.4 mg

1/4 skinless chicken breast: 0.4 mg

60 grams of milk: 0.4 mg

The amount of zinc contained in the same food can vary, depending on the brand or cut of meat. It is worth noting that for small children, granular foods should be mashed or cut into small pieces to avoid choking situations.

Depending on age and appetite, children may eat more or less food than they need to. Parents can estimate the nutrient content accordingly.

To be honest, it's unlikely that a child will get too much zinc in their diet, but overdosing (e.g., with vitamin supplements) can cause adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and headaches. Prolonged use of too much zinc can also cause long-term toxic effects.

The maximum dose of safe zinc supplementation for children aged 1 to 3 years is 7 mg. For children 4 to 8 years old, 12 milligrams is sufficient.

(2) It affects bone synthesis and calcification, which is detrimental to bone development and affects children's growth.

(3) Affects appetite and hinders physical development.

(4) Reduce immunity, easy to get sick.

(5) Easy to mouth ulcers.

Zinc is one of the important trace elements in our body, every day involved in a variety of metabolism of our body, with other trace elements, in the body can not be generated naturally, due to a variety of physiological metabolism, every day there is a certain amount of zinc discharged from the body. Therefore, it is necessary to consume a certain amount of zinc every day to meet the needs of the body. According to the analysis of domestic data, China's zinc deficiency children accounted for about 40%, so what causes so many children zinc deficiency? The reasons may drop the following kinds:

1. Congenital zinc deficiency, which is due to the mother during pregnancy did not supplement zinc in time, so as to cause the child congenital zinc deficiency.

2. Rapid growth and development, vigorous metabolism, increased demand for zinc, resulting in inadequate zinc supply.

3. Unreasonable dietary habits, our body's zinc can not produce their own, only through the external food intake to supplement, picky eaters, anorexia, dietary imbalance will lead to insufficient intake of zinc.

4. Chinese traditional dietary habits, dishes are usually fried, stir-fried, cooked, fried and other high-temperature means of cooking, and the high-temperature cooking process will lead to a lot of nutrients in the dish loss, especially the loss of zinc is very large.

What are the symptoms of zinc deficiency in children?

1. Loss of appetite, picky eating, anorexia, or even not eating.

2. Decrease in immunity, easy to get sick and cold, repeated illness, prolonged illness, sweating, etc.

3.

3. Slow growth and development, short and thin body, lagging behind peers.

4. Malnutrition, easy to cause nutritional dwarfism, finger nails around the barbs, fingernail cover with white spots, hair yellow and thinning.

5. Easy to cause recurrent mouth ulcers, map tongue and other symptoms.

Zinc supplementation for children: Zinc deficiency can seriously affect the healthy growth of children, in the discovery of children with zinc deficiency should be timely zinc supplementation for children. Zinc can be supplemented from these aspects to do:

1. Food supplements:

Seafood: oysters, dried shellfish, shrimp, fish and so on.

Vegetables: portobello mushroom, Shanghai green, konjac, radish.

Meat: pork liver, lamb, steak, donkey.

Fruits: apples, pears, peanuts, cashews, dried apricots. All these foods are good for zinc.

2. Zinc supplements: dietary supplementation cycle is relatively long, the effect is slow, zinc supplements, then relatively faster, such as the new Hibernia tablets, the third generation of zinc protein, fast absorption, the effect of a good as soon as possible to solve the problem of zinc deficiency in children.

Finally: calcium and zinc can not be supplemented at the same time, if the baby at the same time to supplement calcium and zinc, will appear to inhibit each other's absorption. Therefore, the child must be staggered time to take. Generally speaking, the morning can be supplemented with zinc, wait until the afternoon or night before going to bed to supplement calcium.

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