Overview of the development of international political economy

In 1916, A.J. Grant and others edited the book "Introduction to the study of international relations", the first use of the term "international relations", and then the theme of international relations research has been the issue of war and peace, and international relations is equivalent to the international political science has become a scholarly opinion. 1890 British economist A. Marshall's book "Principles of Economics" came out, which changed the traditional research method of classical economics by combining politics and economics. In 1890, the British economist A. Marshall's book Principles of Economics came out, which changed the traditional research method of combining politics and economics in classical economics, and international economics focuses on analyzing international trade and international finance in a purely theoretical way. For a long time, politics and economics in international relations have belonged to two separate disciplines, each with its own specific research object and method.

In the 1960s and 1970s, the world's political economy underwent great changes: the contradiction between the increasing transnational mobility of factors of production and the system of international relations, which is still based on the sovereign state as the main body, became more and more acute; the military power, which has always been influential in determining the international pattern, gradually gave way to the economic power; and the global poverty, development, ecological balance, and population control became important issues in international relations. Global poverty, development, ecological balance and population control have become important issues in international relations. Facing the above problems, the traditional western economics, political science, international economics and international politics are difficult to answer due to the separation of disciplines. 1944, K. Polanyi, a Hungarian-British economist, analyzed the foreign policy of the United Kingdom during the so-called "one hundred years of peace" period after the Congress of Vienna, with the theme of the rise and development of the unified market of capitalism, in his book "The Great Transformation. In his book The Great Transformation, K. Polanyi analyzed Britain's foreign policy during the so-called "century of peace" after the Vienna Conference, and put forward the study of international relations in four aspects, such as the balance of power, the state, the market and the gold standard, in an attempt to overcome the defects of the separation of disciplines in the study of international relations. He is called the pioneer of international political economy. C.P. Kindleberger, Professor of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (USA), wrote Power and Money: The Economics of International Politics and the Politics of International Economics (1970), which is a work that combines international economics and international politics to discuss the political economy of the contemporary world. Later, the political science departments of American and British universities successively offered courses in international political economy.