Xi Family Name Xi Genealogy Origin of Xi Name of Xi Origin of Xi Name of Xi Origin of Xi Xi Introduction of Xi Surname

I. The Origin of the Surname

The origin of the surname Xi (Xī) is twofold:

1. The surname Xi came from the surname Ren, which originated in the Xia Dynasty after Xi Zhong, a descendant of Emperor Huangdi, and was named after his ancestor (place). According to the "ancient and modern surnames book identification" contained: "Xi surname from the Ren surname, after the summer car Zheng Xi Zhong, to the king's father's son of the word for the clan." The ancestor of the Xi family name was Yu Yang. Yanyang was one of the 25 sons of the Yellow Emperor, and he was sealed in Ren Di (present-day Jining, Shandong Province), so he was surnamed Ren. The grandson of Uyang, named Zhong, ate and mined in Xi Di (Chengde, Hebei Province), an area under the jurisdiction of the Xia Dynasty, and was known as Xi Zhong, who was the official of the Xia Dynasty's Chezheng (a person who managed and made carriages and mopeds). Xi Zhong originally lived in Xue (southeast of Teng County, present-day Shandong Province) and later moved to Pi (northwest of Weishan, present-day Shandong Province). The descendants of Xi Zhong used "Xi" as their family name and became known as the Xi Clan.

2, from the ancient Chinese northern minority. According to the history of the road: the Xi family after the Xianbei Tuoba family. According to "Wei Shu - official records": "Thin Xi's, Da Xi's are changed Xi's."

The originator of the surname: Xi Zhong. The surname Xi originated in the Xia Dynasty. According to the "ancient and modern surnames book dialectic" pointed out: "from the Ren surname, Xia four Zheng Xi Zhong, after the king's father word for the clan." Xi Zhong, a descendant of the Yellow Emperor, was appointed as a car chief (an official position in charge of vehicles) in the Xia Dynasty, and Xi Zhong himself was said to be the inventor of vehicles. The official position of car chief was very important, and in ancient times, only the nobles were able to sit in the car, therefore, only the royal family could hold this official position. As Xi Zhong was granted the title of "Xi" for his merits, the descendants of Xi Zhong took the name "Xi" in the name of the fief as their family name, which was called the Xi Clan. Therefore, the descendants of the Xi Clan regarded Xi Zhong as the founder of the Xi Clan.

II. Migration and distribution

(lack of) The Xi surname is not listed in the top 100 surnames in China and Taiwan. Xi was the first surname recorded in Chinese history. As early as in the period of Emperor, Shun and Yao, the emperor did not have a family name, but when Dayu ruled over the water, a man named Xi Zhong invented the car, which strongly assisted Dayu in ruling over the floods. Therefore, it is said: "When Dayu ruled over the water, Xi Zhong invented the car". This is the earliest record of family name in Chinese history. According to the "Ancient and Modern Surname Book Dialectic", "From the Ren surname, after Xi Zhong of Xia Si Zheng, with the character of the king's father as the clan." "Car", since ancient times is an important means of human transportation, and China's ancient history of "Xi Zhong builds a car" allusion. China's surname Xi not too many people, but a very honorable family history, Xi's ancestor is the great inventor Xi Zhong for the benefit of mankind. Xi Zhong was a member of the Xia Dynasty more than 4,000 years ago, and served as the official of "Che Zheng", which is described in the Shuo Wen: "The general name of the car and carriage is also the name of the car and carriage, which was also made by Xi Zhong in the time of the Xia Dynasty." According to the above records, Xi Zhong, the founder of the Xi surname in China, was originally a descendant of Emperor Huangdi's family name, and when it was passed down to the Xia Dynasty, due to Xi Zhong's contribution to the country by building four cars, his descendants took his name as their family name, which has been used for generations. The Xi family name is not all descendants of the Yellow Emperor. In history, the descendants of the Xianbei Tuoba clan changed their surname to Xi, and in the northern region of Dai, there are minority groups such as the Da Xi clan and the Thin Xi clan who also changed their surname to Xi, and all of them changed their surnames to Han after they migrated southward to the Central Plains with Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and were slowly integrated into the Chinese nation. The Xi family later developed into a prestigious clan in Qiao County, and was known as Qiao Guowang (谯国望).

Third, historical figures

Xi Zhong: Xia Yu's minister. At the beginning of the Yellow Emperor's reign, Xi Zhong was appointed to be the head of the chariot, as he made different styles of vehicles and installed them in the vehicles. Xi Zhong was appointed as the head of the chariot. He made different kinds of chariots and installed different symbols to differentiate between the inferior and superior classes.

Xi Dan: A native of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Xi Dan was a horse herder and a favorite of Emperor Zhaocheng. The state has a good horse called "monkey", a night suddenly lost, can not be sought. Later, Liu Kuren, the Southern Lord, stole it and kept it in a cave. When Xi Dan heard about it, he went to get the horse, and Kuren, who was a favorite of his nephew, was ashamed to hit Xi Dan against his will, and he hurt his breast. When Fu Jian made Kuren and Wei Chen share the leadership of the state, Xi Dan was afraid and ran to Wei Chen. The first time I saw this, I was able to get the ball rolling, and I was able to get the ball rolling, and I was able to get the ball rolling.

Xi 斤：Northern Wei Dynasty, general of ten thousand horsemen, generation, Xi Dan's son, tactful and insightful. In the beginning of the Dengguo period, he and Changsun Fei were in charge of the forbidden troops. Later on, he was appointed as a retainer, close to the left and right. From the conquest of Murong Bao in the Sengho. At the beginning of the Huangshi, by the Yue riding lieutenant, can guard the forbidden brigade. The car drive back to the capital, Boling, Bohai, Zhangwu counties group of thieves and rise, jin and Luoyang Gongzun, etc. to discuss the peace. From the expedition, broke the high car all parts. And also broke the Kudi, Yu Lian Department, migrated its other departments in the southern part of the plug. He also attacked Hou Mo Chen's department, arrived at Dawei Valley, set up a garrison and returned. He moved to be the ambassador of Du Shui, and became the general of Jin Bing, the assassin of You Zhou, and was granted the title of Marquis of Shanyang.

Xi Nai: A native of Yishui in the Tang Dynasty. Xi Nai was a famous expert in making ink. The ink he made was not only black and shiny, but also had a fragrance, and was printed with the characters "Xi Nai" or "Geng Shen". His brother and son were famous for making ink, and the Southern Tang Dynasty gave him the surname Li. The ink made by his grandson Li Tingsi was even better, and was known as "Li Tinggui Ink" and sold well all over the world.

Xi Jiaozhi: His name was Yinqing, and his ancestors migrated from Qiao Bo to the west, so he was a native of Jingzhao. Xi was a native of Jingzhao. He was a young man with a strong will, and was well versed in books. At the end of the Dali period of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty, he was promoted to be a scholar and a writer, and was authorized to be a scholar in the Hongwen Hall. Emperor Dezong, Cui Hetu, a doctor of counseling, held a section to make the Tubo, the table of the table from the vice, in order to pro old resignation not to worship. Yang Yan auxiliary government, called to authorize the left gleaner. When he was bereaved, he destroyed the barrenness of his family. Zhu bright and brilliant counterattack, take the intermediate road and car driving in Xingyuan, by the residence Lang, Hanlin scholar, not inaugurated. Thieves leveled, changed the Prince of the Department of the Council, the Ministry of gold, the Ministry of the Ministry of the Ministry of the Ministry of the Ministry of the Ministry of Justice. Will be about the lack of the Prime Minister, transferred to the left side of the Department of Langzhong.

Xi Chao: the founder of Hui ink, Hui ink was created in the late Tang Dynasty. Xi Chao, after the Xi ink-making family in Yishui (now Yizhou, Hebei Province), fled south to Shezhou with his family to avoid the war, and saw the dense pine forests and clear streams here, so he settled down and resumed his old business of making ink. He made the ink "rich and delicate texture, glossy as lacquer". In the Southern Tang Dynasty, Li Yu, the later lord of the Tang Dynasty, obtained Xi's ink and regarded it as a treasure. So his son Xi Tinggui for the "ink officer", and give the state name Li as a reward, Xi's family from now on more Li. Shezhou Li ink then famous, the world has "gold is easy to get, Li ink is difficult to get" reputation, the national ink production center also moved south to Shezhou. Since then, the ink masters have emerged, such as Geng, Zhang Yu, Pan Gu, Wu Zi, Dai Yanheng, etc., Huizhou ink industry into the first heyday.

Xi Rongwei: Surname Xi, name Rongwei, word Zi Ci, the end of the Spring and Autumn State of Wei, one of the students of Confucius. Justice in the Records of the Grand Historian (史记正义), said that he was a native of the State of Wei. Tang Kaiyuan Feng "Xiapi Bo", Song Feng "Jiyang Marquis".

In addition, there are Xi Juan, Marquis of Lu in the Western Han Dynasty, Xi Yi, Marquis of Cheng Tang, Xi Shixun in the Song Dynasty, Xi Ming, Supervisor of Agriculture in the Ming Dynasty, Xi Tao, poet and painter in the Qing Dynasty, Xi Que, painter ...... and so on.

Fourth, the county hall

1, the county hope

According to the "source of the family name" records: "Xia Che Zheng Xi Zhong moved to Qiu, and then called Xi. It is also known as Qiao Qiao (谯国).

Qiao County: At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Jian'an analyzed a part of Pei State and set up a county, ruling Qiao County, which is now in Bozhou City, Anhui Province. In the Sui and Tang dynasties, it was called Qiao County of Bozhou.

Beihai County: The Han Dynasty set up Beihai County, ruling Yingling (now southeast of Changle, Shandong Province). Sui and Tang Beihai County that is Qingzhou, rule Yidu. Rule of present-day Weifang, Shandong Province and other places, Han and Tang are in the Beihai County territory.

2. Hall names

The main hall names of the Xi family name are: "Li Keng Tang" and so on.

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Xi Ancestral Hall General Couplets

Xi Ancestral Hall General Couplets

Xi Ancestral Hall General Couplets

Originated from the Xia Dynasty;

It is expected to originate from Qiao State.

--- An anonymous Chinese idiom of Xi Ancestral Hall

The whole couplet refers to the origin and prestige of the surname Xi.

The name is Che Zheng of the Xia Dynasty;

Tiesheng of the Qing Dynasty.

--Li Wen Zheng compiled a general couplet of Xi Ancestral Hall

The first couplet alludes to Xi Zhong, a minister of the Xia Yu Dynasty, who was appointed Che Zheng after the legend says that the Yellow Emperor had built a car, and while Shao Hao equipped it with an ox to pull it, Xi Zhong equipped it with a horse. The next couplet alludes to Xi Gang, a seal engraver and painter in the Qing Dynasty, with the character of Chunzhang, the number of Tiesheng, alias Hezhusheng, Mengquanwaishe, Scatterwood Jushi, Winter Flower Nunnery, a native of Qianlong, Zhejiang Province. His character was aloof and straightforward, and he was famous for his paintings when he was young. Emperor Qianlong's southern tour, he was applying for the children's exam, Hangzhou governor sent people to arrest him, let him for the Palace mural painting, he said: "Which please painting and was arrested! He said, "There is no such thing as being arrested for painting! His captors said, "You are not a boy student, you are simply Tie Sheng." He was called Tie Sheng, and from then on, he never took the imperial examinations. His seal carvings were modeled after Ding Jing's, but developed, and his style was so clear and refined that he was one of the "Eight Families of Xiling"; he was good at painting landscapes and flowers, bamboo, and orchids; he was also good at running script and clerical script. He was also a master of running script and clerical script. He was the author of "The Remains of the Winter Flower An Embers".

Che Zheng Shize;

Hongnong family reputation.

--Anonymous writers of the Xi Ancestral Hall

The first couplet refers to Xi Zhong (奚仲), who was appointed as "Chezheng" during the reign of the Yellow Emperor, and was famous for building cars. The next couplet refers to Xi Zhong, who was the king of Hongnong in the Northern Wei Dynasty.

The ancient tradition of the "Chezheng";

Each of them is listed in the Confucius Gate.

--Anonymous writer of Xi Ancestral Hall

The first couplet alludes to Xi Zhong, who was the head of the car at the time of the Yellow Emperor.

The next couplet refers to Xi Zhong, a disciple of Confucius, who had literary talent.

The name of Xi Zhong is loyalty and filial piety;

the name of Lian Neng in the county.

--Anonymous Composer of Xi Ancestral Halls

The first couplet refers to Xi Jin of the Northern Wei Dynasty, who was famous for his loyalty and filial piety. The next couplet alludes to Song Xi Sisi, who was known for his loyalty and filial piety.

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The five-character general couplet of the Xi Ancestral Hall

The three treasures of the literary house;

Xi Leng occupies one family.

--Anonymous Composition Xi Ancestral Hall General Couplet

The above couplet is a reference to Xi Tinggui, a famous ink maker in the Five Dynasties, who was the grandson of Xi Nai, a famous ink maker in the Five Dynasties. The ink he made was like jade, and the text was like a rhinoceros, so it was called Tinggui's ink. It was called Tinggui's ink. It was also known as the "Three Treasures of the Literary Room" together with "Chengxintang Paper" and "Dragon's Tail Inkstone". The next couplet alludes to Xi Gang, a painter and seal carver of the Qing Dynasty, whose character Chunzhang was a native of Qiantang. He was a native of Qiantang, and was one of the "Eight Sealists of Xiling".

The Seven Elm Woodcutter of Ping Shan;

The General of Ten Thousand Horsemen.

--- Unknown writer Xi Ancestral Hall General Couplet

The above couplet is a reference to the poet and painter of the Qing Dynasty, Xi Doubt, whose name was Xubai, also known as Le Tian, a native of Gui'an, and who was known as the Woodcutter of the Mountain of Fangping, and the Yulou. His home in the county south of the city, near the creek has a building, near the Da Nang Mountain, planted seven elm plants, sheltered outside, said Elm House. The next couplet alludes to the Wei Dynasty General Xi Jin, tired from the conquests and conquests have merit. After taiwu for the crown prince, listen to the government, to jin for the auxiliary, intelligent discernment strong knowledge. Died posthumously.

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Xi Ancestral Hall Seven-character General Couplet〗

文武兼备惟户部;

诗书俱妙有铁生.

--- Anonymous writes Xi Ancestral Hall General Couplet

The above couplet is based on Xi Shiliang, the head of the Household Department of Nanjing in the Ming Dynasty, who was a native of Huanggang. The first line is about the name Xi Shiliang, the head of the Household Department of Nanjing in the Ming Dynasty. The first line is about the Japanese invaders, who personally risked their lives to resist the attack, and the southern city had already fallen, but he was still facing the battle from the west, and was killed by several swords. The next couplet alludes to Xi Gang, a poet, calligrapher and painter of the Qing Dynasty, known as Tie Sheng, who practiced poetry, calligraphy, seal carving, and landscape painting, with a sense of dashing and self-complacency as his specialty. He is good at landscapes, and his style is characterized by dashing and self-contained. Orchids and bamboos are also extremely transcendent.

The four bibliographic sounds of small Zoulu;

a court of autumn color ancient Huangyu.

--Xi Gang wrote a general couplet of Xi Ancestral Halls

This couplet is a self-titled couplet by Xi Gang, a poet and calligrapher in the Qing Dynasty.

--- Unknown writer Xi Ancestral Hall General Couplet

The story of Xi Shiliang, the Ming Dynasty's Yanpingfu co-conspirator. The next couplet is about Xi Juan, a famous general in Han Dynasty. Juan from the Gaozu beggar Pei, into the Han Dynasty, the general to determine the vassals, the title of Marquis Lu.

The school of Confucius, seventy sons of sages, with the transmission of the holy way;

The success of the Han family, hundreds of millions of years of incense, forever propitiating the mountains and rivers.

--- An anonymous writer of Xi Ancestral Hall

This is the ancestral hall of the Xi Clan in Xi Village, Wuhu County, Anhui Province.

Appendix: Xi allusion, anecdotes

〖Xi Jiaozhi tea party〗

Tea ceremony rose in the Tang Dynasty. And Lu Yu contemporaries of the Imperial College student Feng Yan in his writing "Feng's Winking" said: "Because of Hong Jian's theory (i.e. Lu Yu) "Tea Classic" widely embellished, and then the tea ceremony, princes and courtiers did not drink." This is the first mention of the "tea ceremony". This is the earliest mention of the term "tea ceremony". According to Feng Yu, the first to summarize and elaborate the "tea ceremony" is Lu Yu.

However, it is difficult to find detailed documentation of how the "tea ceremony" was practiced in life. Only at the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty, Song Taizong wrote "Taiping Guangji", which recorded Xi Zhiqi's tea party, still visible in the Tang Dynasty "tea ceremony" one or two.

Xi Jiaozhi was a scholar at the end of the Dali reign of Emperor Dazong of the Tang Dynasty, and was also a contemporary of Lu Yu when he was promoted to the rank of Minister of the Central Committee of the Book of the Tang Emperor Dezong. The story of Xi Jiaozhi's tea party, as described in Taiping Guangji, took place at the time when Lu Yu was preaching the tea ceremony.

When Xi Zhi Cheok became the minister of the Ministry of Justice, tea drinking was already highly regarded by the world. Xi Zhi Cheok was an extravagant man by nature, and he had a set of rare and exquisite tea utensils that even the families of ministers did not have at that time, such as a wind stove, Yue Ou porcelain lamps, bowl holders, and angle daggers.

One day when the weather was hot, he invited a group of colleagues in the government office to hold a tea party in the hall of his home. At that time there were more than twenty guests, Xi Jiaozhi sat in the east side of the first, serving tea to persuade people from the west side of the guests to start tea. More than twenty people drinking tea but only two tea bowls, the amount of tea and very little, the guests drink tea from time to time laughing, gossip, so the tea bowl passes more and more slowly.

Because of the heat and thirst, Xi Zhi Cheok looked at the delay in the tea bowl, gradually annoyed. At this time, an uninterested subordinate holding a large pile of account books and pen and inkstone came in, placed on the desk in front of Xi Zhi Zhi, asking him to sign. Xi Jiaozuo measured this person, only to see his face full of oil sweat, fat and black. Xi Zhi Cheok, who was in a state of extreme agitation, was disgusted and violently pushed him away, angrily saying, "Take it over there!" This unfortunate subordinate was unexpectedly pushed, people and desk together toppled to the ground, ink and ink splattered, his face and those account books were stained black. The crowd laughed.

From this story, we can see that the tea party is not ordinary, but some very elaborate, such as a very delicate set of tea, more than twenty people sitting on the east and west sides of the special tea by a certain order for the guests of the tea, the guests only two bowls to drink leisurely, and the amount of tea is not much. Two bowls of tea in the end is like strong tea to pass and drink it? Or with two bowls to replace the order of a bowl, drink a bowl? This is not very clear, but people familiar with the modern Japanese tea ceremony will be able to see that the tea ceremony etiquette and the Japanese tea ceremony in some of the "practices" are similar, such as the importance of the tea utensils, the host and guest seating positions, special tea servers and the order of the tea and so on. The Japanese tea ceremony from this record seems to be able to see its origins.

Of course, Xi Jiaozhuo set up this tea party, from the true meaning of the tea ceremony is still far away, only the form of the tea ceremony, but not the realm of the tea ceremony, and even more so the spirit of the tea ceremony, to the master of the tea party, Xi Jiaozhuo's final behavior is sufficient to illustrate this point.

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Ink master Xi Tinggui〗

The four treasures of literature in a treasure "ink", is a traditional Chinese calligraphy and painting. Ink is an important item in traditional Chinese calligraphy and painting. It forms a unique style in the development of Chinese culture. Without "ink", the art of painting and calligraphy can not be discussed, "ink" will directly affect the effect of painting and calligraphy. In addition to the function of "ink", its shape brings together the skills of painting, calligraphy, carving and traditional crafts, and is also a unique craft. It has been treasured by collectors since ancient times.

When was ink invented in China, there is no conclusive evidence. The ancient calligraphy compilation "recorded", "the beginning of the ink production in the Intermediate". Legend has it that刑夷是周宣王（827-782 BC）时的人，一次在河边洗手，偶拿起一块烧过的木炭，手弄黑了，他从木炭染黑了手中得到启发，便把木炭碾成细粉末，用稀粥等黏物调拌晾干，制作了墨块，因此它成为第一块人工墨。 In our country to see the earliest ancient ink in kind, is in 1975 in Hubei Province, Yunmeng Sleeping Tiger Qin Dynasty tombs unearthed in the ancient ink.

Since ancient times, China's history has attached great importance to the production of ink, and there have emerged many famous ink makers. Xi Chao and Xi Tinggui were the most outstanding ink makers of the Southern Tang Dynasty during the Five Dynasties period in China.

Xi Chao and Xi Tinggui, father and son, were from Yishui (now Yixian County, Hebei Province) in the Southern Tang Dynasty during the Five Dynasties, and they were artisans who made ink as a profession. At that time, the Xi family moved to Shezhou (present-day Shexian County, Anhui Province) to continue their business of making ink. They carefully studied the previous experience of ink production, summed up the practical experience in ink production. In addition, the local Shezhou has a dense pine forest, is the production of ink excellent raw materials. Xi's father and son to learn from the best, and strive for excellence. In the process of continuous innovation, recognized that the blackness of the ink and ink with the purity of the pine smoke carbon black and particle size has a great relationship. Ink black and bright, charcoal should be black and pure, particles should be fine, ash should be less, then the dispersion is high. They select the materials, improve the formula, and reform the production process. After hard labor and creative production, careful processing and production, and finally produced a "firm as jade, text such as rhinoceros" and "rich and greasy, glossy as lacquer," the quality of good ink. This ink is rumored to be immersed in water for three years without breaking down, and has been highly evaluated by literati and ink writers, making "Tinggui Ink" famous both at home and abroad.

Li Yu of the Southern Tang Dynasty loved ink. Xi Chao, Xi Tinggui and his father made outstanding contributions to ink production, and he was so appreciative that he appointed Xi Chao as an ink official, and the whole family was given the "national surname" Li, which was a very high honor in the feudal society at that time.

As a result, "Tinggui ink" was also known as Li ink, and was once famous all over the world. "Gold is easy to get, but Li ink is hard to find. Li ink was so fine and valuable that successive emperors and literati cherished it and regarded it as a treasure. Xi Tinggui's younger brother and his son inherited the ink-making skill and became famous ink makers. Xi Tinggui's skillful ink-making was highly valued by his descendants, which led to the formation of a unique tradition of ink-making in Shezhou, and the inheritance and development of Xi Tinggui's ink-making techniques have been passed down from generation to generation for more than 1,000 years.