Fertilizer tips

1. Beginners have to learn these fertilizer tips

1, rooted plants, these rooted flowers are like loose air and well-drained soil, because its root system is relatively small, the fertilizer should grasp the thin fertilizer diligently, a small amount of multi-substance methods, because the thick fertilizer is very easy to cause fertilizer injuries, the amount of fertilizer is the usual plant 1/4 or so.

2, bulbous, fleshy plants such as these have a very strong rhizome, like bulbs, bulbs, their root system is very small, so the absorption capacity of the fertilizer is not too strong, can not fertilize too much, or easy to fertilize the injury, in the growing period of these plants to give the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium balanced composite fertilizer, ready to nurture buds when the increase in the application of potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate and other fertilizers. 3, bonsai-type plants such as this kind of plant The demand for fertilizer is relatively small, and is not suitable for quick-acting type of fertilizer, but with dilute and slow type of organic fertilizer, such as common bone meal, rotted cake fertilizer based on the appropriate appropriate slow-release fertilizer to increase the absorption of nutrients.

2. What are the main methods of fertilization

(1) radial fertilization

Take the trunk as the center, 1.0~1.5 meters from the trunk, along the horizontal root direction, outwardly dug 4~6 radial fertilization ditch, ditch width 40~50 cm, ditch depth 30~40 cm, ditch gradually deepened from the inside to the outside, the ditch length with the size of the tree crown, generally 1~2 meters. Fertilizer evenly applied into the ditch, buried can be. Fertilizer should be deep, fertilizer can be shallow. Each time you apply fertilizer, you should stagger the position of the ditch to expand the fertilizer surface. This method is more commonly used for young trees over 5 years old.

(2) ring fertilization

Along the edge of the crown dug ring ditch, ditch width 40 ~ 50 cm, ditch depth 30 ~ 40 cm. This method is easy to dig up the horizontal roots, and the range of fertilizer is small, applicable to young trees less than 4 years old.

(3) cave fertilization

Mostly used for fertilizer application. With the trunk as the center, from the 1/2 radius of the crown to start, digging into a number of ***, the distribution of holes should be uniform, the fertilizer will be applied to the hole buried can be. Can also be at the edge of the crown to the crown radius of 1/2 in the fertilization circle, in all directions dug into a number of irregular fertilization ***, after applying fertilizer buried soil.

(4) strip ditching

In the canopy along the outer edge of the relative sides of the ditch, ditch width 40 ~ 50 cm, ditch depth 30 ~ 40 cm, ditch length with the size of the crown. The second year ditching position can be switched to the other two sides. This method applies to young trees or adult trees.

(5) the whole garden sprinkle

All of the above five methods of fertilization should be immediately after the irrigation, in order to increase the effectiveness of fertilizer. If there is no irrigation conditions, water retention measures should be done.

(6) extra-root fertilizer

Especially when the tree appears to be deficient, or in order to supplement certain elements that are easily fixed by the soil, through the extra-root fertilizer can receive a good effect, especially practical for the lack of water and less fertilizer areas. The type and concentration of foliar fertilizer, urea 0.3% ~ 0.5%, calcium superphosphate 0.5% ~ 1%, potassium sulfate 0.2% ~ 0.3%, boric acid 0.1% ~ 0.2%, copper sulfate 0.3% ~ 0.5%. The general principle is that dilute fertilizer should be applied in the early stage of growth, and thick fertilizer can be applied in the later stage. Fertilizer spraying should be carried out before 10:00 a.m. and after 3:00 p.m. Fertilizer spraying is not recommended in rainy or windy weather. Note that foliar spray fertilizer can not replace soil fertilization, the combination of the two to achieve good results. Practical application, especially in the mixed use of pesticides, should first do small-scale experiments, in order to avoid the occurrence of drug damage caused by loss.

3. What are the methods of tree fertilization

Whether it is base fertilizer or fertilizer should be applied in the root system concentrated distribution area (Figure 4), so that the root system to maximize the absorption of nutrients, improve the utilization rate of applied fertilizer. Therefore, fertilization should be based on the characteristics of the growth and development of apricot trees, the use of reasonable fertilization methods, to avoid the loss of fertilizer nutrients and fast-acting nutrients due to the soil chemosynthesis reaction caused by the fixation of the fast-acting nutrients. Commonly used fertilization methods (Figure 5) are:

Figure 4 Fertilizer location

Figure 5 Fertilizer application

(1) ring ditch fertilization method generally used for young trees ring ditch fertilization method, which can be combined with deep tilling and hole expansion measures. Specific method is in the young tree planted in the fall of the first two years, from the young tree trunk inner diameter of 50 cm, outer diameter of 80 ~ 90 cm dug a ring ditch, ditch depth of 30 ~ 50 cm. Then fill the organic fertilizer in the ring ditch, and finally back to the soil to fill. The second reapplication of fertilizer, to the first outer diameter of the second ring ditch for the inner diameter of the ditch, until the neighboring plants are connected, and then change the fertilization method. (2) radial ditch application method in the tree crown from the trunk about 1 meter from inside to outside dug into about 6 radial ditches. The requirements of the ditch is shallow inside and deep outside, and the position should be rotated every year. The depth of the ditch is 30~50 cm, width of 50 cm or so, length according to the amount of fertilizer. (3) strip furrow application method along the apricot tree rows or alternate rows to open the furrow fertilizer. This fertilization method is convenient for mechanized operation, but the depth of tilling and the effect of fertilization is not as good as ring ditching and radial ditching.

4. What are the common fertilization methods

Fertilization methods include soil fertilization, stem and leaf fertilization and irrigation fertilization.

(1) soil fertilization will be applied to the soil, absorbed by the plant root system. Methods include spreading and concentrated fertilization.

Spreading that is, before sowing or planting, the fertilizer will be spread on the field surface, and then turn the fertilizer into the soil through tilling as a base fertilizer. Or before the rainfall, or before irrigation, the quick-acting fertilizer will be spread on the field, so that the fertilizer will seep into the soil with the water.

Centralized application is the application of fertilizer to a specific location. Concentrated application is suitable for this method when the amount of fertilizer applied is small, or the fertilizer is limited, the soil fixes the fertilizer strongly, sparsely planted crops, or strip sown crops with low soil fertility and underdeveloped root systems.

The advantage is that the fertilizer effect is long-lasting, the nutrients are easily absorbed, and the fertilizer utilization rate is high. (2) stem and leaf fertilization will be formulated into a solution of fertilizer, sprayed on the crop stems and leaves, relying on the leaves and young branches to absorb, known as the stem and leaf spraying or fertilization outside the root.

(3) irrigation fertilization is generally used for fertilizer, that is, the fertilizer is dissolved in the irrigation water, with the irrigation water will be applied to the soil or growth medium.

5. Traditional and modern fertilization techniques and methods

Traditional fertilization methods include spreading of fertilizer, furrow application, hole application, from the time of fertilization and the use of fertilizers include soil-based fertilizer, soil fertilizer, foliar fertilizer.

Modern fertilization technology has soil formula fertilization, fertilizer flushing, variable control fertilization, from the fertilization time to pay attention to the base fertilizer, fertilizer, foliar fertilizer.

Comparison: the traditional fertilization method of fertilizer utilization efficiency is very low, especially the nitrogen leaching and nitrogen volatilization leads to nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency is very low, serious waste, pollution of the environment. A large amount of phosphorus fertilizer as a base fertilizer makes phosphorus fertilizer by the soil to fix the chance of greatly increased, resulting in a decline in the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer, potash fertilizer is affected by the former two small.

Modern fertilization technology is the soil and crop diagnosis of the current, in the pre-sowing or crop different reproductive period of the soil and crop nutrient abundance to make a judgment, the lack of what fertilizer will be applied to what fertilizer, the amount of application of precision control, which not only improves the utilization of various fertilizers also saves the cost of purchasing fertilizers, and at the same time, protects the environment.

I don't know if you are satisfied with my answer.

6. What are the methods of fertilizer application

Inorganic fertilizer application is relatively simple.

Lime needs to be applied to the bottom of the pond in combination with pond cleaning or disinfection or splashed alone. When applying fertilizer, first put all kinds of fertilizer in a bucket or other larger container, then dissolve and dilute it with water, and evenly sprinkle it on the pond surface. Fertilizer is applied in small amounts and frequently, and the principle of applying it sparingly and frequently is adopted, and it is usually chosen to be carried out in the sunny days when there is a strong light at noon, and not applied on the rainy days, and it is advisable to apply it sparingly and not apply it when the weather is sultry and hot, but the fertilizer has to be applied in time if it is cloudy and rainy continuously, and the water quality is thin.

Note that in the mix of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer must be applied first, after the application of nitrogen fertilizer, the order can not be reversed, and can not be carried out at the same time. If the nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer is applied at the same time, it will produce a toxic, non-fertilizing metaphosphate, which will greatly reduce the effect of fertilization.

Ammonia is more alkaline, should not be mixed with calcium superphosphate, which has a strong volatility, application should be avoided to avoid volatilization and loss of active ingredients. According to the experience of Guangdong, the entire ammonia into the pond, and then open the lid in the water, the altar will be placed diagonally, so that the ammonia slowly out, so that you can avoid dumping on the shore, ammonia volatilization loss, and smoked to death on the ridge of the pond planted on the fish and grass or crops.

7. Fertilization What does it mean

Fertilization When the soil does not provide the nutrients needed for crop growth and development, the act of supplementing the crop with man-made nutrients is called fertilization.

Soil and Fertilization Fertilizing the soil must be taken into account because, firstly, it is necessary to fertilize only when the soil is not sufficiently supplied with a nutrient, and it is not necessary to apply all the essential elements to the soil, because most of the nutritive elements are already adequately supplied by the soil (or by the atmosphere), otherwise it would be wasted, or even result in the poisoning of the crop. This is sometimes overlooked.

Second, fertilizer applied to the soil will occur after some of the changes that will affect the effect of fertilizer to varying degrees, do not take into account the soil, but also can not really talk about the rational application of fertilizer. If you apply nitrate nitrogen fertilizer in the paddy field, it is bound to reduce the effectiveness of fertilizer and so on.

First, the crop's soil nutrient environment The crop's soil nutrient environment includes: physical environment, chemical environment and nutrient environment. Soil physical environment first affects the crop water and air supply, but also directly affects the supply of nutrients and conservation.

Soil is composed of particles of different sizes, which constitute the three phases of the soil body, namely, the solid phase, liquid phase and gas phase. In a typical fertile soil, it has more than half of the entire volume of the soil in the solid phase, and the other less than half of the volume, filled with water and air.

Soil pores not only bear the crop water, air supply, itself has an important role in crop growth, but also directly affect the diffusion of nutrients in the soil. Soil clay particles, soil organic matter and soil acidity are important factors affecting the soil chemical environment.

Soil nutrients play an important role in plant growth even with fertilization. It is estimated that in general fertilization, medium yield level, the plant absorbs 30% to 60% of the nitrogen, 50% to 70% of phosphorus, potassium 40% to 60% is from the soil, visible soil nutrient environment on the important role of crop nutrition.

Second, China's soil nutrient profile Nitrogen: China's total nitrogen content in the soil till probably changes in 0.05% to 0.25%. Among them, the black soil in the northeast region is the soil with the highest average nitrogen content in China, generally 0.15% to 0.035%.

The soils of the Loess Plateau in Northwest China and the North China Plain, on the other hand, have a lower nitrogen content, generally ranging from 0.05% to 0.1%. In central and southern China, the soil total nitrogen content has a large variation, generally 0.04% to 0.18%.

Under basically similar conditions, the nitrogen content of paddy fields tends to be higher than that of dryland soils. The vast majority of soils in China have a certain yield increase with the application of nitrogen fertilizer.

Phosphorus: Phosphorus is an important soil nutrient second only to nitrogen in agriculture. Most of the phosphorus in the soil is inorganic (50% to 70%), only 30% to 50% is in the form of organic phosphorus.

The inorganic phosphorus in the soil in the north of China is mainly calcium phosphate salts, while in the south it is mainly iron phosphate and aluminum salts. A significant portion of them are iron oxide colloidal film wrapped up iron aluminum phosphate, called closed storage state phosphorus.

China's soil total phosphorus content varies from 0.02% to 0.11%, of which the total phosphorus content of the northern soils, generally higher than the southern soils, the total phosphorus content of China's soils in general from the south to the north there is a tendency to increase. For example, the black soil in the northeast, white pulp soil full phosphorus content is generally 0.06% to 0.15%, while the red soil and brick red soil in the south of China's full phosphorus content is generally 0.01% to 0.03%.

The level of soil total phosphorus content usually does not directly indicate the level of the soil's ability to supply phosphorus, which is a potential indicator of fertility, but when the soil total phosphorus content is less than 0.03%, the soil is often deficient in phosphorus.'' Of the total soil phosphorus, only a small portion is effective for the current season's crop, called soil effective phosphorus.

In recent years, with the increase in production, China's soil phosphorus deficiency area is expanding, the original those areas where the effect of phosphorus fertilizer is not obvious showed a serious lack of phosphorus phenomenon, such as the vast Huanghuaihai Plain, the Northwest Loess Plateau to Xinjiang and other places have a large area of phosphorus deficiency. And the original phosphorus deficient areas, due to long-term phosphorus, phosphorus fertilizer effect declined, which mainly refers to Central China, South China, certain phosphorus-deficient rice soil.

In central and southern China in high-yield rice soil, with the application of organic fertilizers, phosphorus has been able to meet the crop needs, while a large area of acidic dryland soils as well as some of the low-yield paddy fields, phosphorus deficiency is still quite serious. Potassium: Potassium in the soil exists entirely in inorganic form, and its quantity is much higher than that of nitrogen and phosphorus.

The whole potassium content of our soils is also largely lower in the south and higher in the north. The brick red soil in the south, the average soil potassium content of only about 0.4%, central China, east China's red soil is an average of 0.9%, while the north of China, including the North China Plain, the Northwest Loess Plateau to the Northeast Black Soil region, soil potassium are generally in the amount of about 1.7%.

Therefore, potassium deficiency is mainly in the south, the north has begun to appear potassium deficiency phenomenon. Most of the trace elements in the soil exist in the form of inorganic salts such as silicates, oxides, sulfides and carbonates.

In the soil solution can be part of the trace elements to organic complex state exists. Trace elements in the aqueous or exchange state are usually regarded as effective for crops.

One reason for inadequate supply of micronutrients in the soil is that the soil itself is too low in them, and another is that they are not low, or even high, but are in short supply because of reduced effectiveness due to soil conditions (mainly soil pH and redox conditions). In the former case, it is necessary to rely on the supplementary application of micronutrient fertilizers, and in the latter case, sometimes it is only necessary to change the soil conditions to increase the effectiveness of soil micronutrients to increase the level of supply.

Third, the impact of fertilization on the soil to increase soil nutrients regardless of the application of organic fertilizers or inorganic fertilizers can increase soil nutrients. Most of the inorganic fertilizers are easy to dissolve, after application in addition to some of the soil absorption and conservation, the crop can be immediately absorbed.

The organic fertilizer, in addition to a small amount of nutrients can be directly absorbed by the crop, most of the microbial decomposition, the crop can be used. In the process of decomposition, carbon dioxide and a variety of organic and inorganic acids will be produced.

In addition to carbon dioxide absorbed by plants, dissolved in the soil moisture in the formation of carbonic acid and a variety of other organic and inorganic acids have to promote the dissolution of some insoluble mineral nutrients in the soil, thereby increasing the content of effective nutrients in the soil. Some fertilizers (such as lime, gypsum) in addition to the direct increase in soil nutrients, but also through the regulation of the soil reaction, improve the effective nutrient content in the soil.

Improvement of soil structure application of organic fertilizers and fertilizers containing more calcium, in addition to increasing soil nutrients, but also to promote the formation of soil granular structure. Because organic fertilizers in the soil under the action of microorganisms, mineralization to increase the effective nutrients in the soil,.