What are the characteristics of tea culture of all ethnic groups in China?

Characteristics of China Minority Tea Culture

Tibetan butter tea:

Buttered tea is a kind of tea made by adding butter and other raw materials to tea soup and then processing it by special methods. Tibet is located on the plateau, with thin air and dry and cold climate. Camellia oleifera has many flavors, which can not only warm the body, but also increase the cold resistance. For Tibetans, it plays a more important role than other ethnic groups. It's polite to drink buttered tea. When the guests visit, the host will offer me Ciba, and then hand me a tea bowl, which will be filled with butter tea one by one according to the size of the generation. In marriage, Tibetans regard tea as a precious gift, symbolizing a happy marriage.

Uygur milk tea and fragrant tea;

Northern Xinjiang (north of Tianshan Mountain) is mainly milk tea and milk; Southern Xinjiang (south of Tianshan Mountain) is dominated by fragrant tea, with spices added, so all teas are Fuzhuan tea.

Mongolian salty milk tea:

Mongolians like to drink salty milk tea cooked with milk and salt. Tea products are mostly green brick tea and black brick tea, brewed with iron pot. Add milk in the cooking process, and pay attention to the coordination of "utensils, tea, milk, salt and temperature". Mongolians are used to "three teas and one meal". Every morning, the housewife cooks a pot of salty milk tea for the whole family to drink.

Dai and Lahu bamboo tube fragrant tea;

Bamboo tube fragrant tea is a unique tea drink of Dai and Lahu nationalities. Because of the delicate raw materials, it is also called "girl tea", which is produced in Menghai County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. There are two ways to make it: one is to pick a bud, two or three leaves, fix them, knead them into a ball and put them in a tender and sweet bamboo tube; Another method is to steam the hairy tips with sticky rice, and pour them into a bamboo tube after the tea leaves soften. So tea has three flavors: bamboo, rice and tea.

Miao-Dong Camellia oleifera is a folk tea-drinking custom popular in Dong, Zhuang and Miao multi-ethnic areas in northern Guangxi. Every household drinks camellia oleifera.

Hui canned tea:

Hui people mainly live in the northwest of China. The canned tea of Hui people is made of middle and low grade green tea and boiled in water. The pot for making tea is not big, and the texture is mainly earthenware. The process of boiling tea is similar to that of decocting traditional Chinese medicine.

White three tea:

Bai people mainly live in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, China. Regardless of festivals, birthdays, weddings and guests' visits, the host will treat the three teas with "one bitterness, two sweetness and three aftertaste". The host presented the guests with bitter tea, sweet tea and aftertaste tea in turn, symbolizing their understanding of life.

Tujia tea:

Tujia people mainly live in the border areas of Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei and Hunan provinces in China. Lei tea, also known as Sansheng soup, is made from raw leaves, ginger and raw rice by boiling with water. Leicha has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials and moistening the lungs, and Tujia people regard it as an indispensable drink for three meals.

Characteristics of tea culture in China;

Tea culture also has the characteristics of regionality, difference, homosexuality and openness, which are mainly manifested in the following aspects.

(1) Integration of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. China's tea culture can be said to be jointly created by Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and at the same time, it combines the basic principles of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Tea has a fresh and elegant natural nature, which can calm people down, help to cultivate sentiment, eliminate distractions and cultivate body and mind, which is consistent with the philosophy of "tranquility and far-reaching" advocated by China people and the "immanence" pursued by the three traditional Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism in China. Professor Wang Ling, a researcher at China Academy of Social Sciences, believes that the spirit of tea culture in China is supported by the Taoist idea of the unity of heaven and man and the three talents of heaven and earth; Guided by Confucian doctrine of the mean and harmonious thought; China tea culture is a cultural system that condenses the essence of China's traditional thought, and takes the spirit of Buddhism as its purpose.

(2) the unity of matter and spirit

Tea culture is an intermediary culture that perfectly combines material culture and spiritual culture. As a substance, tea is extremely rich in shape and body, with various names, unique in taste, color and fragrance, forming an extremely rich product culture. Tea not only has material and cultural color, but also has spiritual connotation. People express their respect, show their manners and make clear their aspirations through tea, which is a symbol of spiritual civilization.

(3) the unity of elegance and popularity

China has had two sayings since ancient times: "Chyi Chin's calligraphy and painting, poetry, wine and tea" and "rice, oil, salt, sauce and vinegar tea", which shows that tea culture is a culture that advocates elegance and vulgarity, and has always shown elegance and vulgarity in its historical development, and has developed forward in the unity of the two. The tea banquets of the nobles, the tea fights of the literati and the tea tasting activities of the literati and poets are all elegant and exquisite cultures of the upper class, and the poems, paintings, songs and dances with tea have high appreciation value. The folk custom of drinking tea is very popular and popular. Xian Yi, old and young, has produced folk stories, legends and proverbs about tea, which shows the popularity of tea culture. The upper tea culture comes from the soil of popular folk tea culture, and the popularization of the upper tea culture determines the main direction of tea culture development.

(4) the unity of practicality and entertainment.

The function of tea culture determines its utility. Tea is a cash crop and a drink widely consumed by people. Drinking it can quench your thirst, and the product can nourish your mood. It can be used as medicine to treat diseases and keep people young for a long time. There are also many folk customs of worshipping tea, such as offering tea to ancestors or worshipping gods, so tea culture shows strong utility. At the same time, tea culture is a happy culture. People can entertain themselves with tea, watch tea performances and travel in tea culture. In recent years, the activities of tea culture festival, "building a stage with culture and singing opera with economy", not only reflect the utilitarianism for the purpose of economy, but also reflect the entertainment.