Seek some historical deeds of Guizhou.

In China, Guizhou is one of the birthplaces of ancient humans, and many ancient human fossils and ancient cultural relics have been discovered. According to archaeological findings, almost all the major paleolithic cultural sites in southern China were found in Guizhou. This shows that the ancestors of the people of all ethnic groups in Guizhou have thrived on this land a long time ago and created an ancient Guizhou culture in their working life.

Although Guizhou has only been established for more than 500 years, from the information provided by the literature, the history of Guizhou can be traced back further. During the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC-476 BC), there were Tibetans in Guizhou today.

Ke) is an ancient country and has contacts with the Central Plains. After Qin Shihuang unified China (after 22 1 year BC), Guizhou belonged to Ba County, Shu County, Qianzhong County and Xiang County.

The name "Guizhou" began in the Song Dynasty (960- 1 127). In 974, Pugui, the indigenous leader, surrendered to the controlled rectangular country. In the Song Dynasty, there was a saying in the imperial edict: "Only Guizhou is far from famine", which was the earliest record of this area in the name of Guizhou. In the 11th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 14 13), Guizhou was established and officially established as a province. Take Guizhou as the name of the province.

Guizhou is called "Qian" for short. Today, part of the territory of Guizhou belonged to the central part of Guizhou during the Warring States Period (475 BC-22 BC1year). The geographical area is along the river in Guizhou today to the east of Rongjiang, including Tongren area and some counties in southeastern Guizhou. The Qin Dynasty established Qianzhong County here. In the Tang Dynasty (AD 6 18-907), the Governor's Offices of Guizhou Middle Road, Guizhou County and Guizhou Province were established in present-day Guizhou. The history of Guizhou is always inseparable from the word "Qian", which was handed down from generation to generation until Guizhou was established as a province. This is the origin of Guizhou's abbreviation "Qian".

Guizhou is an old revolutionary base area with glorious tradition, and people of all ethnic groups in the province have made important contributions to the victory of the China Revolution. 1935 65438+ 10, the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants moved to the Guizhou Plateau, and the China * * * Production Party held a "Zunyi Conference" with great turning point in Zunyi, Guizhou on the way to the Long March. This meeting established Comrade Mao Zedong's leading position in the whole party and army, and laid the foundation for the victory of the China revolution.

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Guizhou tourist port

The most beautiful section on the red ribbon ―― The Long March of the Red Army in Guizhou

Our reporter Tang

On June 5438+February 2, 2006, the printed matter of large, medium and small message forums was closed at 08: 19.

Editor's Note: Seventy years ago, the Red Army of Workers and Peasants led by China's * * * Production Party completed the Long March that shocked the world, opened up a bright road for the China revolution to carry forward the past and laid an important foundation for the China revolution to advance triumphantly.

Guizhou is a turning point, a scenic spot and a blessed land of China revolution. There are too many glorious memories in the revolutionary history of China. At Zunyi Conference, the Red Army of Workers and Peasants was able to reverse the wrong political and military line and began to control its own destiny independently and correctly. Sidu Chishui and Wumeng Mountain whirled thousands of miles, and the Red Army miraculously jumped out of the encirclement of hundreds of thousands of enemy troops and typed a string of magnificent handwriting. ...

The mountains and rivers in Guizhou have left the footprints of the Red Army, and the great Long March spirit has always nourished future generations. The flowing Wujiang River and the suddenly hovering Chishui River are all sparkling, shining with the eyes of history and watching us move forward; The Loushan Pass, which is "difficult for ten thousand people to open", and the majestic Wumeng are also dazzling, blowing the horn of the times and inspiring people; Zunyi Conference and Liping Conference, brilliant ideas guide us to explore and innovate.

Shi Zongyuan, secretary of the Provincial Party Committee and director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress, pointed out at the symposium commemorating the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Red Army's Long March in our province that it is particularly important to vigorously carry forward the great spirit of the Long March when Guizhou is still relatively backward in general, with poor conditions in all aspects and a difficult working environment.

Look back on history and hope for the future. On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Red Army's Long March, our editors combed and summarized this "pearl" scattered in the long river of history, and made an article. This is an attempt by this magazine to interpret the Long March and its spirit. In the meantime, he also benefited from the guidance and support of Comrade Cao, deputy director of the Development Research Center of the provincial government, and Comrade Du Qian, Party History Research Office of the provincial party committee. We would like to take this opportunity to express our gratitude to these two comrades. (Planning: Editorial Department □ Execution: Gu Haidong, Tang, Tan, Liu, Zhang Bei, Author: Gu Haidong)

If the Long March is compared to the red ribbon on the earth, where is the most attractive wrinkle of this ribbon? The answer is obvious: Guizhou.

In this most attractive wrinkle, from Liping to Zunyi, from Zunyi to Maotai on Chishui River, the Red Army has come all the way, and the situation is changing at every turn; Every discount brings new prospects.

Over the years, following the footsteps of the Red Army, there have been waves of travelers revisiting the Long March Road on the mountain roads in Guizhou.

People in China and foreigners always say the same thing: The Long March in Guizhou is a journey with hidden answers.

What is the answer?

More than 70 years ago, the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants marched hard, broke through four blockade lines and marched westward into Guizhou.

A statistical table of the supply of weapons and ammunition to field troops in the archives of the People's Liberation Army shows that during the Long March, 86,000 people of the Central Red Army had 33,244 guns, with an average of less than 56 bullets per gun. Plus 6 10 1 darts and 882 sabers. It means that more than half of the Red Army soldiers who embarked on the expedition were unarmed. They are faced with a large number of well-equipped Kuomintang troops.

In the Xiangjiang Campaign, which broke through the fourth blockade, only the Central Red Army with 30,000 people stood out. Some people even began to doubt the future of the Red Army. Many years later, Liu Bocheng recalled in the article "Reviewing the Long March": "This kind of emotion became more and more obvious with the defeat of our army, and the Xiangjiang Campaign reached its climax."

The 400,000 heavy troops of the Kuomintang army have already arranged their positions on the way that the Red Army was scheduled to go north to Xiangxi. Great sacrifices did not extricate the China revolution from the crisis. In the most difficult time, the Red Army entered Guizhou.

1934 12 18 In Liping, a small town in Guizhou bordering Hunan and Guizhou, the Central Committee held the first meeting of the Political Bureau on the way to the Long March, which denied the original March plan, affirmed Mao Zedong's correct proposition, and decided to March away from Xiangxi, where the enemy was heavily stationed, to the border of Sichuan and Guizhou, thus avoiding annihilation.

Immediately after the Liping Conference, the Monkey Field Conference once again denied the wrong idea of "not crossing the Wujiang River" and "returning to the East". The Central Red Army quickly maneuvered in the weak enemy areas, conquered nine counties, broke through the natural barrier of Wujiang River and occupied Zunyi.

The convening of Zunyi Conference confirmed the correct leadership of the new Central Committee represented by Mao Zedong. At the most dangerous moment, this meeting saved the Party and the Red Army, and it was a turning point in the history of China's * * * production party.

After the Zunyi meeting, under the guidance of the correct route, the Red Army made a surprise attack on Chishui for four times and occupied Zunyi for three times. The Battle of Loushanguan and the Battle of Zunyi won two victories since the Long March. With unprecedented morale, the Red Army approached Guiyang, crossed Beipanjiang skillfully, threatened Kunming, jumped out of the encirclement of the enemy on the Jinsha River, and finally won.

The Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants went in and out of Guizhou several times, leaving a series of thrilling examples in military history. The Long March, an unprecedented feat in the history of human expedition and military affairs, unveiled its mystery from the moment it entered Guizhou to the moment it left Guizhou.

The famous American writer Harrison? After the Long March, Salisbury wrote in his "The Unprecedented Story of the Long March": "The Zunyi Conference is over, the Long March continues, and Mao Zedong is at the helm. The road of China-at least the road for the next half century-is thus decided. "

If the Long March is compared to the red ribbon on the earth, where is the most attractive wrinkle of this ribbon? The answer is obvious: Guizhou.

This is the most beautiful part of the red ribbon.

In this most attractive wrinkle, from Liping to Zunyi, from Zunyi to Maotai on Chishui River, the Red Army has come all the way, and the situation is changing at every turn; Every discount brings new prospects.

Three cities all the way, a turning point. How profound and long-lasting is the moral of history! Because of the turning point, Liping, Maotai and even the whole of Guizhou and the whole Long March Road have the same value and charm as Zunyi.

70 years have passed. Looking back at Zunyi and Guizhou recorded by the Red Army generals in plain words, between the lines, they are all passionate and unforgettable memories. Chen Yun recalled: "When the Red Army entered Zunyi City, the people above Zunyi City not only did not escape, but also orphan workshops, school students and poor businessmen held flags to welcome the Red Army ..."; " The twelve-day rest (in Zunyi) completely restored the fatigue of the Red Army in southern Hunan and refreshed it. So that in the future war, not only will the combat effectiveness not be reduced, but it will be full of vitality. ""... on the second day after entering Zunyi City, the garment factory, the machine shop and the Liangmo factory have all opened. The uniforms of the recruits will be issued soon, and the old guns will be repaired. Peng Xuefeng recalled: "Zunyi is the city that soldiers miss most since the Long March: bustling markets, people who love each other, bright red oranges and soft cakes. ..... just shout:' The Red Army is coming!' Mature men will follow. At that time, each regiment always expanded 180 recruits every day. "

The Red Second Army Corps and the Red Sixth Army Corps founded the eastern Guizhou base area and Wumeng Mountain, and also wrote a brilliant chapter. Sending troops to eastern Guizhou effectively coordinated the strategic shift of the Central Red Army. Moving to Wumeng created another successful example of getting rid of the strong enemy and moving to annihilate the enemy on the way to the Long March. On the trapped Niushan Mountain, more than 100 Red Army soldiers ran out of ammunition, preferring to die rather than surrender, and finally jumped off the cliff in unison, making the gods cry.

During the Long March, nearly 10,000 people of all ethnic groups in Guizhou participated in the Red Army. In Guizhou, on the way to the Long March, the CPC Central Committee approved the establishment of the only provincial local party organization; In Guizhou, the deeds of the Red Army have been handed down from generation to generation, and the spirit of the Red Army has far-reaching influence.

In the three cities along the way, the facts that influenced and changed history have been widely known; Visit on the spot, maybe there will be unexpected gains. Walking out of the Liping conference site at No.52 Erlangpo, the east of Liping County, and strolling through the streets among the old banyan trees, you may hear 100 the life stories of more than one Red Army wounded left in Liping.

Wandering in the depths of Zunyi's quaint streets and lanes, from those hearty laughter and natural smiles, we may suddenly realize why this city with a population of only 30,000 has 3,000 children going north with the Red Army, and in the next few years, despite many difficulties, dozens of students went to Yan 'an.

Have a cup of Moutai at the Third Ferry of Red Army Sidu Chishui in Maotai Town and under the Sidu Chishui Monument. You can listen to the local people's stories about Moutai cleaning the wounds of Red Army soldiers.

Looking at the tomb of the martyrs at the foot of Niu Shan, you may marvel at the obligation of a peasant family to keep the tomb for decades, and it is more likely that the words "Castle Peak has the honor to bury the loyal soul" float in your heart.

Here, the history is vivid, vivid, and in everyone's memory. Here, the perception of life is very easy to get an epiphany.

So on the mountain road in Guizhou, waves of travelers come, walking with their hearts, revisiting and discovering why this landscape has become a sacred place and a blessed place in their hearts.

You see, the Wujiang River is fast-flowing, and the Red Army is eager to cross the river, but there is no boat. Never mind, the answer contained in this landscape has come out: cut down the bamboo on the river bank and tie it into a bamboo raft, which is the ferry; Tie the marching pot with rope and bamboo, and it is the ferry.

You see, inheriting the spirit of the Red Army, the darkness before dawn in Xifeng concentration camp is finally the heroic dispersion of the revolutionaries.

Yes, in the face of a thoughtful brain and a powerful mind, there is no fear of difficulties, and setbacks cannot just stagnate.

Visiting the red ruins in Guizhou is such a spiritual journey.

Some people say that if you look at the mountains and rivers in Guizhou, the answers are already rich.

Only when the mountains are fixed can they stand tall in the clouds; The flexibility of water when it encounters a hundred turns and thousands of times is only different when it falls from a height. Isn't this the spirit that should be adhered to in the face of setbacks?

The answer is, in the face of setbacks, how can we seize the opportunity, choose the path and usher in a turning point? This answer is very important for a country, a nation and a political party, and it is not enlightening for individuals.

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