What are the classic works in western literature?

According to the public opinion survey of readers in Europe, Asia, the United States, Australia and Africa 100 cities100,000 readers organized by Reader's Digest in The New York Times and the United States in 2000, the following ten classic novels were selected. These ten masterpieces represent the most cosmopolitan world literature masters and their most influential masterpieces in Britain, France, Russia and the United States. It should be said that they are well-deserved to be called the top ten masterpieces in the world.

1, War and Peace (Russian) lev tolstoy

Content abstract: 18 12, when Russia and France fought again, Andrei Pol Kanski was seriously injured in the battle, and the Russian army was losing ground, and Moscow was about to fall into the enemy. Rostov replaced the carriage originally used to transport belongings with the carriage used to transport wounded soldiers, so that Nadasha found the dying Andre Bohr Konski among the wounded soldiers. She apologized to him and cared about him enthusiastically, but in vain. Andre Paul Kanski still failed to escape death and died. Bill disguised himself as a farmer and tried to assassinate Napoleon, but he was arrested by the French army and became a prisoner. His wife, Allen, continued her debauchery during the war. Finally, she died because of taking abortion medicine by mistake. After several battles, Russia finally won. Bill happened to meet Nadasha in Moscow and they got married. Andrei Polanski's sister Maria also married Nadasha's brother Nikolai.

2. Notre Dame de Paris (France) Hugo

Content abstract: quasimodo, the ugly deaf, was adopted as a bell ringer by Father Claude of Notre Dame. After meeting the beautiful gypsy girl Esmeralda, Father Claude, with a decent appearance, was fascinated by her and ordered quasimodo to take Esmeralda away by force. On the way, Esmeralda was rescued by the captain of Forbis cavalry, and fell in love with Forbis. However, Forbis was a romantic, but he was assassinated by Claude in bad karma, but he didn't die. He framed Esmeralda and was sentenced to death. When quasimodo was executed, she rescued Esmeralda and hid in Notre Dame. Beggars rushed into the church to save Esmeralda and mistakenly fought with quasimodo. Esmeralda was strangled by Claude's army in the square. Quasimodo angrily threw Esmeralda from the top floor of the church and caressed Ace.

3. Childhood on Earth My University (Soviet Union) Gorky

Childhood Introduction: It tells the story of the years that Gorky (Aletha), the little hero, spent with his mother at his grandfather's house after his father died. In the meantime, he was loved and cared for by his grandmother, influenced by the beautiful fairy tales told by her, and witnessed the quarrel and struggle between two uncles for family property, as well as the selfishness and greed shown in the trivial matters of life. Gorky (Aletha) spent his childhood in this "suffocating and terrible world".

On Earth: Gorky told us that when he was 1 1 years old, his mother died unfortunately and his grandfather went bankrupt. He can't go on living like this and go out into the society. He was an apprentice in a shoe store and an icon workshop, and also worked as a handyman in a painter's house and on a boat, and suffered a lot in the world. While washing dishes on a ship, Gorky got to know the honest chef smalley and started reading with his help, which inspired his determination to pursue justice and truth. Five years later, Gorky went to Kazan with the hope of entering the university.

My university profile: tells the story of Gorky's life in Kazan. 16 years old, went to Kazan to go to college. After his dream was shattered, he had to run for survival.

4. Wuthering Heights (UK) emily bronte

Content abstract: A man who loves to the extreme has made crazy behavior. He killed people with love, but he also committed suicide with love. After Catherine died, he lived in pain. When Catherine was dying, he stabbed her with words. However, Heathcliff suffered two kinds of pain, his own and Catherine's. I admire such a affectionate man. Although a little abnormal and cruel, I can't hate him. Still full of sympathy for him. Even moved by his crazy love. Relatively speaking, Catherine is too selfish. She loves Heathcliff and married rich London. It can be said that a large part of the tragedies of Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange were created by her own hands. Heathcliff, this is crazy. But charming. Of course, London is also a good husband. It's just, it's a little silly Catherine: She is very bad and selfish, but her persistence in love makes her exude the mixed charm of good women and bad women.

5. david copperfield Dickens (UK)

Content abstract: david copperfield reveals the real face of society at that time through the joys and sorrows of the protagonist David, highlighting the corrosive effect of money on marriage, family and society. A series of tragedies in the novel are all caused by money. Maud Si Tong cheated David's mother because he coveted her property; Emily's elopement can't stand the temptation of money; The pain of the wakefield family and the despair of Haimu are all the consequences of money. The despicable Heep also gradually degenerated under the temptation of money, and finally ended up in a shameful life imprisonment. Dickens exposed the evil of money from the humanitarian point of view, which opened the beautiful curtain of "Victoria prosperity" and revealed the hidden social truth.

6. Red and Black (France) Stendhal

Content abstract: Red and Black is a monument of French and even European literature in the19th century. Based on Julian's personal struggle and two love experiences, the novel reveals the turbulent class struggle during the Restoration Dynasty and reflects the broad life picture of political darkness, church corruption, aristocratic reaction and bourgeois greed. Julian's two love motives are based on the possession of love, and ultimately they all want to achieve their own political goals. Through the literary image of Julien, on the one hand, it describes the panic of the nobility and the middle and small bourgeoisie under the impact of the wave of people's revolution on the eve of the French July Revolution; On the other hand, it created an artistic image of an individual careerist who appeared in the social upheaval, and beautified the bourgeois outlook on life and happiness. The structure of the novel is rigorous and symmetrical, the language is concise and fluent, the characters' images and personalities are closely connected with the environment, and it is good at revealing the contradictions and conflicts in the characters' hearts and the instantaneous changes in their thoughts and feelings, thus highlighting the characters' personality characteristics. This is the greatest artistic feature of this book.

7. Les Miserables (France) Hugo

Content abstract: In Les Miserables, Hugo shows the cruel reality of enslavement of working people and forced prostitution in capitalist society with outstanding artistic charm. Hugo's masterpiece has created a long historical story reflecting the social and political life of modern France. The book spans nearly half a century, and the combination of personal destiny and historical themes is magnificent and colorful, which embodies Hugo's extraordinary talent in narrative to the maximum extent. In terms of richness, profundity and complexity, it undoubtedly ranks first among Hugo's many works.

8. Anna karenin (Russian Federation) lev tolstoy

Content abstract: Anna karenin is the representative work of the famous Russian writer lev tolstoy. This book depicts a vast and colorful picture of Russia from Moscow to other provinces, cities and villages through two clues: the heroine Anna's pursuit of love tragedy and Levin's exploration of the reform in the face of rural crisis, and has described more than 150 characters successively. It is a social encyclopedia.

9. john christopher (France) romain rolland

Content abstract: It is a detailed record of the artistic development process of a musical genius. Romain rolland's portrayal of the protagonist's spiritual activities in his book has achieved great success. In addition, he also eliminated the artistic barrier between France and Germany. The experience of John Christophe, that is, the experience of every genius who abandons the past and opens up the future, also comes from Beethoven. Roland 19 15 won the Nobel Prize in Literature, mainly because of his masterpiece john christopher.

10, Gone with the Wind (USA) margaret mitchell?

Content abstract: 186 1 On the eve of the civil war, Scarlett's dear daughter of Tara fell in love with Ashley, the son of another manor owner, but Ashley chose Scarlett's cousin, gentle and kind Han Melanie, as her lifelong companion. Out of jealousy, Scarlett first married Charles, the younger brother of Han melanie. Soon, the American Civil War broke out. Ashley and Charles were drafted into the army and went to the front. Charles soon died in the war. Scarlett became a widow, but she was always madly in love with Ashley. One day, at a bazaar, Scarlett met Rhett, a dashing businessman. Rhett began to pursue Scarlett, but she refused. Scarlett's single-minded pursuit of Ashley was also rejected. After the American Civil War, she finally married Rhett who had always loved her smuggling arms and food and making a fortune. After marriage, the husband and wife lived in a luxurious mansion in Atlanta. A year later, his daughter Bonnie was born, and Rhett devoted all his feelings to Bonnie. Scarlett accidentally looked at Ashley's photo and was found by Rhett, which eventually led to the breakdown of their relationship. Bonnie accidentally fell off her horse and had an accident. On her deathbed, Scarlett realized that she loved Rhett. When Scarlett came home and told Rhett that she really loved him, Rhett no longer believed her. He is determined to leave Scarlett and go back to his hometown to find something beautiful. Scarlett decided to stay in her land and create a new life. She looks forward to a better tomorrow.

Extended data:

Other world masterpieces worth reading include:

Slaughterhouse Five, Sisyphus Myth, Rhino, All Peace on the Western Front, Concept of Phenomenology, Meaning of Relativity, Zero-degree Writing, Lucky Jim, decameron, Confessions, Crime and Punishment, Ulysses, etc.

References:

World Top Ten Masterpieces _ Baidu Encyclopedia