What festival is the third day of the third lunar month?

Now, most people in China no longer celebrate the third day of March. So, what day is the third day of the third lunar month in China? In the public consciousness, the same day of the month and the day is always unusual, so many such days become festivals, such as the first day of the first month, the second day of February, the third day of March, the fifth day of May, the sixth day of June, the seventh day of July and the ninth day of September. Most of these festivals have special names, which can also be called "Chongmou", such as Chongsan, Chongwu, Chongqi and Chongjiu. Although March 3 also has a special name, it is not enough to summarize the rich connotation and customs of this day. As a festival with unique significance in China's traditional culture, "March 3rd" has a far-reaching influence on China people. According to legend, March 3rd is the birthday of the Yellow Emperor. China has had "On February 2nd, the dragon looked up; I was born in Xuanyuan on March 3rd. Another way of saying it is that March 3rd is the day to commemorate Fu. Fuxi and his sister, Nu Wa, unearthed human beings to reproduce. In eastern Henan, Fuxi is honored as the "ancestor", and the ancient temple of Taihaoling was built in Huaiyang (the capital of Fuxi). From February 2nd to March 3rd of the lunar calendar, the Temple Fair of Taihaoling was held. Good men and women all gathered in the mausoleum area to worship their ancestors. The third day of the third lunar month is also the day when the legendary Queen Mother opens a flat peach party. According to legend, the birthday of the Queen Mother of the West is July 18th, but every year on the third day of March, immortals from all walks of life gather in Yaochi to celebrate the birthday of the Queen Mother of the West, which is called the "Flat Peach Blossom Party". There is a seven-character poem in Dumen Zayong in the late Qing Dynasty, which describes the grand occasion of the temple fair in that year: "Born in spring on the third day of March, watch the Pan Taogong burn incense; There is a slight wind along the river and the world of mortals is everywhere. "Legend has it that the Queen Mother of the West was originally the patron saint of a primitive tribe in western China. The Queen Mother of the West is a fairy who harmonizes Yin and Yang, summons all spirits, embraces the true saint, and is "a loom, a lark, and an accurate present". She has "three thousand maids, playing Shengquan Yuanqu, flat peaches for a hundred years, and opening a golden garden". His great power makes "ten sides are high and holy, and nine obsidian immortals really make a plan." "She has two magic weapons: one is to take the elixir of life, and the other is to eat peaches-flat peaches, which can prolong life. The legendary Chang 'e flew to the Moon Palace after stealing the elixir from her husband Hou Yi. People say that the Queen Mother of the West is the god of longevity. "March 3rd" was also called "Shangsi Festival" in ancient times. In the history of our country, the first quarter moon is a very important festival, and the traditional cultural custom of China "the first quarter moon" is related to this festival. According to historical research, the origin of Shangsi Festival can be traced back to the Zhou Dynasty. Witchcraft superstition prevailed in the Zhou Dynasty. Every year on the "Shangsi" day in March (the "Si" day in the first half of the year), witches will hold a ceremony for people to get rid of disasters and diseases by the river, which is called "Fu (ü) Fu ()". It means to remove evil spirits and make them clean; Hair means cleaning the body and removing filth. The ancients thought that water was the purest thing. If you "fade" and wash yourself by the water, you can eliminate the disaster and ensure peace for one year. Because the specific date of the third day of the third lunar month is not fixed every year, in order to facilitate memory and unity, the third day of the third lunar month was designated as the "third day" from the Han Dynasty, and it was simply designated as the third day in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. In China ancient books, the custom of "illness" on Shangsi Festival is often recorded. Si Tong Customs Code: "In Zhou Li, there was a witch who took a bath with clean water." "History of Etiquette in the Later Han Dynasty": "On the third day of the month, officials and people were all clean on the east running water, saying that it was a great net to wash away dirt (chèn, illness)." It is believed that The Analects of Confucius is about Confucius and his disciples "limping". The so-called "flowing water" means that the literati sit at the edge of the flowing water in sequence, and one person puts the wine into the cup to make it flow downstream. The glass stops in front of someone, someone takes it and drinks it, and then writes a poem. If you fail in poetry, you will be fined. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, flowing water flourished. At that time, literati indulged in landscapes, talked about Laozi and Zhuangzi, and drank and had fun all day. Therefore, this kind of "elegant" activity, which combines drinking and writing poetry, is especially favored by them. The ancients made a fool of people, and another good thing happened that will last forever. This is Wang Xizhi's famous Preface to Lanting Collection. On the third day of the third lunar month in the 9th year of Jin Yonghe (AD 353), Wang Xizhi, together with 42 world celebrities such as Xie An, Yin Rong, Sun Chuo, Yuan Ao, organized a meandering water flow in Shaoxing, a water town in the south of the Yangtze River. According to Jia Tai Hui Ji and Zhang Tian Temple Monument, at that time, * * * had 37 poems, and Wang Xizhi was full of alcohol. Immediately, he used cocoon paper and moustache as a preface to a collection of poems composed of these 37 poems, and wrote a landmark calligraphy classic in the history of calligraphy in China-Preface to Lanting Collection. The beauty of calligraphy in Preface to Lanting Collection is at its peak, and it can be described as the best running script in the world, with iron pens and silver hooks, while the dragon and phoenix dance, charming and vigorous, and exquisite words. In terms of writing, there are 28 lines of ***324 words in Preface to Lanting Collection. When it comes to repeated words, it changes, which is very delicate. Preface to Lanting Collection established Wang Xizhi's lofty position as a calligrapher in the history of calligraphy in China, and added a lot of color to the history of calligraphy in China. March 3rd is also the "Daughter's Day" in China. Shangsi Festival has been a festival with strong female color since the Western Zhou Dynasty. In addition to offering sacrifices, the Han people celebrated March 3, which later developed into folk activities such as playing by the river, meeting men and women, and enjoying flowers. "On the third day of March, it was a sunny day, and many beautiful women were walking along the Chang 'an River." Du Fu's two ways of offering sacrifices have been talked about for a long time. In Song Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu also wrote in his ci: "The Qingming River shows a good picture of the West Lake, and it is full of prosperity. Who is fighting for the way? Green willow and Zhu LUN take a car (diàn). Tourists must go at dusk and wake up drunk. " All these show that the custom of March 3 was still popular in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Due to the suppression of Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties, the folk custom of March 3 gradually declined in the Han nationality, and the "Daughter's Day" gradually declined. Now, in Japan and South Korea, various festivals are still held on this day every year. Japan commemorates and celebrates in the name of "female sacrifice" and has long been protected as their country's "intangible cultural property". Some people think that March 3rd is Valentine's Day in China. There are two Valentine's Days in China: one is the third day of the third lunar month; One is the seventh day of the seventh lunar month. Valentine's Day, which evolved from the legendary meeting of cowherd and weaver girl to the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, has long been recognized by most people, and Valentine's Day on the third day of the third lunar month has a long history. There is a poem to prove it. Li Bai's poem says: "When you swallow, Qin E dreams of breaking Qin Louyue; Qin family, every year in the second quarter of the moon, the willow color by the bridge is printed with seven windows for farewell. In the clear autumn festival in Leyuan Scenic Area, the ancient Xianyang Road is absolutely silent. "The annual willow color here refers to Valentine's Day on the third day of the third lunar month. Through this poem, we can see how romantic Valentine's Day is in China: a pair of lovers strolled picturesque, gave each other willows and whistled constantly on a beautiful spring day. What a good state! Not only that, a long time ago in our country, relatives and friends had the habit of giving gifts to each other when they parted, "weeping willows are sent for no reason." "Visible, love is willow, willow is love. The common people call the wandering waves of many lovers chasing flowers and asking for willows, which is from this. The third day of the third lunar month is also an important festival of Taoism. It is said that March 3rd is the birthday of Zhenwu Emperor of Taoism. The full name of Zhenwu Emperor is "Naive and True Wudian Xuan Emperor in Beizhen", also known as Tian Xuan God, Xuanwu, Zhenwu Zhenjun. Hua Li was born in the ancient Xuanyuan world on March 3, and is the orthodox god in charge of military affairs and wars in Taoism. Taoist temples all over the world will hold a grand ceremony on March 3, and Taoist believers will burn incense and pray in temples or recite scriptures at home on this day. March 3rd is also a traditional festival for many ethnic minorities in southern China, which is popular among Zhuang, Dong, Buyi, Shui, Mi, Maonan, Miao, Yao and She nationalities. On this day, Zhuang people usually catch up with the Song Festival (xū), set up a song shed and hold a Song Festival for young men and women to sing, touch eggs, throw hydrangeas and talk about love. According to legend, there was a singer Liu Sanjie in the history of Zhuang nationality, also known as Liu Sanmei. She is good at singing, and three scholars came to sing songs, all of which were defeated by her. Later, she rode a carp to the sky and left many stories in Guangxi. In order to commemorate her, future generations called March 3 "Song Xian Festival". On this day, Dong people often grab fireworks, bullfighting, bird shooting, singing and stepping on the hall, also known as the "Fireworks Festival". Buyi people, on this day, kill pigs to sacrifice to the country and the mountain gods, eat yellow glutinous rice, and have no contact with each other for several days. Yao people regard March 3rd as "Ganba Festival", which is a collective fishing and hunting festival. They distribute the caught wild fish door to door, enjoy the joy of harvest, and then gather in the square to sing and dance to celebrate the festival. She nationality takes March 3rd as Gu Mi's birthday, and every household eats black rice. She people call March 3rd "Song Festival", also known as "Ebony Festival". Li people call March 3rd "the blessing of the year", which is a festival to wish "mountain orchids" (dry valleys in mountainous areas) and harvest hunting, and it is also a day for young men and women to communicate freely. Other ethnic groups, such as Shui, Miao, Mulao and Maonan, have their own traditional festivals and customs on March 3rd.