What are the theories of "poetry expressing aspiration" and "poetic fate" in ancient China?

"Poetry expresses aspiration" is the understanding of China ancient literary critics on the essential characteristics of poetry. The idea of "expressing ambition with poetry" has sprouted in the author's description of the purpose of writing poetry in The Book of Songs. As a theoretical term, it was first put forward in Zuo Zhuan? In the twenty-seventh year of "xianggong", Zhao Wenzi recorded "Poems and Expressions" to Xiang Shu. Later, the saying that "poetry expresses ambition" became more common. "History? Shun said in Yao Dian: "Poetry expresses aspiration, song is eternal, sound is eternal, and law is harmonious." Zhuangzi? The world says, "Poetry is based on Tao." Xunzi? "Scholars" said: "Poetry is its ambition. The so-called "expressing ambition with poetry" in Zuo Zhuan means "expressing ambition with poetry", that is, borrowing or extending some chapters in the Book of Songs to imply one's political and religious embrace. " "Poetry expresses ambition" in Yao Dian refers to "poetry expresses the poet's ambition", and the meaning of this "ambition" focuses on thoughts, ambitions and aspirations. After the mid-Warring States period, the meaning of "ambition" gradually expanded due to the emphasis on lyric characteristics of poetry and the development of a hundred schools of thought contending. The "ambition" in Confucius' era mainly refers to political aspirations, which can be seen from Confucius' views on disciples' aspirations in The Analects of Confucius. And Zhuangzi's "ambition" that "poetry is based on Tao" refers to people's thoughts, wishes and feelings in a general sense. In Li Sao, it is said that "to bend people's hearts to control their ambitions" and "to save people's lives to control their ambitions". Although the content of this ambition is still dominated by Qu Yuan's political ideal ambition, it obviously contains anger and hatred for villains caused by the failure of political ideal ambition. As for what he said in Huai Sha, "If you care about your feelings, you will be anxious, but if you are wronged, you will be restrained." "Since you are determined to make progress, why should you be afraid?" ? The "ambition" here actually refers to all his inner thoughts, wishes and feelings. It can be seen that the content of "poetry expressing ambition" in the pre-Qin period developed and changed. Poetry is based on emotion: the problem characteristics of poetry come from Lu Ji's prose, "poetry is based on emotion", and "emotion" is lyric and refers to content; Poetry is characterized by lyricism, which is more in line with the reality of poetry itself than the formulation of "expressing ambition" The proposition that "poetry is based on emotion" is of great significance for creating a new generation of atmosphere, which makes the lyricism of poetry not bound by the etiquette of stopping music. "Poetry based on emotion" is one of the important theories of China's poetics. It is hard to say what kind of theory it is to express one's ambition and love with poetry.