The implication of jade articles

The patterns of ancient jade in China reflect people's traditional mentality of seeking good fortune and avoiding evil. Each pattern expresses the desire for happiness through its surface pattern, harmony, symbol or meaning. This paper introduces some common patterns in ancient jade. 1. Bless the soul: bat, peach, ganoderma lucidum. Peaches have a long life, but they look like a heart. Using the word "spirit" of Ganoderma lucidum to express happiness will make people smarter. This pattern is often used in round carvings and jade plates in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. 2. Rejuvenation of crane and deer: crane and deer pine trees. The ancients called deer a "god beast", and in fairy tales, there was a birthday boy riding a sika deer; Deer and land are homophonic, and cranes are homophonic, which is deliberately called "Liuhe" and "Chuntong" (Liuhe refers to heaven and earth, east and west, north and south), and it is also said that it is rich and longevity. More common in Yuping and Yupai. A mythical wild animal

The brave ancient auspicious beast, also known as the exorcist, has short wings, curly tail and a mane and beard, and is the strongest feng shui tool to promote wealth. Magic, pronounced as "magic" in Cantonese. According to legend, raccoons are fierce beasts, which are divided into females and males. The male is called raccoon and the female is called raccoon. In ancient times, this beast was divided into single horns or double horns, with long manes rolled up and two horns and one horn. One horn is called "Tianlu" and the other two horns are called "evil spirits". In the south, most people like to call this beast "brave", but in the north it is still called "exorcism", and some people call it "monster" or "four unlike". Mythical animals feed on wealth and absorb wealth from all sides. Generally, people who are engaged in professional or eccentric business will put a mythical animal in the company or business premises, such as gambling, stocks, futures, finance, horse racing, entertainment, real estate and other industries. Detailed explanation of the meaning of jade

China people have the habit of wearing jade articles since ancient times, some out of hobbies and some out of good wishes. In recent years, wearing jade brand has become a fashion pursued by consumers. Faced with various schools of Yu Pei in the market, consumers feel that they have no choice. In fact, in the theme of Hetian jade, most of them have clear themes, which may come from a point and a legend and entrust people with rich thoughts and emotions. The ornaments are richly decorated, which means longevity, blessing and happiness. Generally, there are figures, animals, flowers and figures. Common ones are: Buddha, Guanyin: The Buddha in the pendant is often a potbellied Maitreya Buddha. It was actually shaped by the image of a monk named Chebi. According to historical records, Cheby was a native of Mingzhou (now Ningbo, Zhejiang) in the Five Dynasties. He often goes in and out of towns and villages with Zhang Xi and a cloth bag in his hand, so people call him a "cloth bag monk". According to legend, he is fat, casually dressed, informal in words and deeds, able to predict good or bad, uncertain in rain or shine, and mysterious. Later, in the third year of Liang Dynasty, Che Bi ascended the throne, and later generations thought that he was the reincarnation of Maitreya and built a tower for worship. Therefore, it becomes the embodiment of getting rid of all troubles. On the other hand, Guanyin is regarded as the god of salvation and the embodiment of compassion. Guanyin Bodhisattva is the most popular and admired Bodhisattva in China. People wear this decorative pendant to protect themselves and pray for peace and happiness with the help of the power of Buddha and God. Shouxing: It is decorated with a peach supported by an Antarctic fairy, which symbolizes happiness and longevity. The birthday girl is the embodiment of longevity in China, and modern jade carvings often use it as a material to pin people's longing for health and longevity. Boy: decorated with ancient children, I wish you many children and many blessings. Dragon and Phoenix: The dragon is the most representative auspicious animal in China, and the phoenix is the most representative auspicious bird in China. It means good luck. Legend has it that in China, the phoenix represents women and the dragon represents men. Together, they symbolize good luck in marriage. Fish: "fish" and "fish" are homophonic, indicating wealth. For example, there is surplus (fish) every year, and there is surplus (fish) in Qing Ji. Bat: "Bat" and "Fu" are homophonic, meaning happiness. For example, happiness is in sight (bats bring a string of copper coins) and so on. Toad: It represents wealth since ancient times. The common Liu Hai drama "Golden Toad" symbolizes prosperity and happiness. Monkey: "Monkey" is homophonic with "Monkey". Horses and monkeys are combined, which means to immediately seal Hou and seal officials as knights. There are also two monkeys together, which means "generation of seals." Zodiac: The zodiac, also known as the elephant pendant, is regarded as a talisman to protect peace and happiness. Plant ornamentation: Plant ornamentation is often combined with animal ornamentation, resulting in rich patterns and meanings, such as: more than a year, pine cranes prolong life and so on. There are also separate plant patterns, such as: bamboo, representing the height of a day; Flowers represent flowers and wealth; The four gentlemen in plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum represent human integrity. Text and pattern decoration: commonly used text and pattern decoration include longevity, happiness, happiness, longevity, etc., as well as Yin and Yang gossip Buji decoration. It means good luck and peace. On the themes of "auspiciousness" and "peace and happiness", that is, the theme with the ontological meaning of "auspiciousness" is the theme of "auspicious patterns";

(1) In Good Luck, a boy rides on the back of an elephant with a wishful thinking in his hand; Or play on the elephant's back; Or carry a treasure bottle on the elephant's back, and insert "Ji" and "Ruyi" in the bottle to make the sounds of "Ji" and "Xiang" harmonious, meaning "auspicious"; Others use the Chinese characters "auspicious" and ruyi to form patterns.

2 "peace and auspiciousness". The design is three halberds in a vase, and A Qing (an ancient musical instrument) is hung on the halberds. Bottle is homophonic with Ping, Ji, Ji and Qing. The "halberd" and "green" placed in the bottle mean "peace and good luck".

(3) The "eight treasures" include snails, eight treasures, lotus flowers (also known as auspicious flowers), sky covers (also known as white covers), goldfish, Aquarius (also known as treasure pots and relic pots) and treasure umbrellas. It means good luck, wealth and longevity. Literature records: "The offerings are divided into lids, fish, pots, flowers, wheels, snails, umbrellas, and intestines, which are called' eight treasures auspicious'. (4) In addition, "(embroidered robe) patterns are various, with two flowers as the statue, two dragons with light, arched and eight auspicious. " ⑤

(4) "All the best" usually consists of the words "evergreen", "persimmon" and "ruyi". Change "ten thousand" to "ten thousand", and change "persimmon" to "thing". Some people don't use persimmons, but only use the word "ten thousand" as the background to draw wishful patterns.

(5) "Year after year", the pattern consists of two catfish and Ruyi. Because "Catfish" and "Nian" are homophonic, in addition, this pattern transforms "Ruyi" into "water pattern" and "spray" in terms of the object of expression, which is quite innovative. The pattern composed of lotus and carp is called "there are more fish every year".

(6) "Everything goes well" and "everything" means "everything" or "everything". It is usually represented by the pattern of two persimmons or persimmon stems. According to legend, persimmon trees have seven virtues: first, longevity; Second, the shade is large; No bird's nest pollution; No moth; Five leaves are beautiful and can be rewarded; Six fruitful results; Seven-leaf fertilizer (see Youyang Miscellanies in the Tang Dynasty). Therefore, many auspicious, beautiful and beautiful connotations have been added to the voice of "persimmon" and "thing"; Then use the image of "Ruyi" to paint and embroider, and form an auspicious pattern of "All the best". Some people also use the homonym of "lion" and "thing" to refer to "thing". The pattern is often a boy with "Ruyi" on his shoulder and a pair of persimmons in his hand; Others carry "Ruyi" on their shoulders and hang "Double Persimmon". There are also two "ruyi" crossed with "persimmon" or lion on both sides; Especially birthdays, celebrations and weddings. It was widely circulated in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

(7) "Ruyi Li Anyun", also known as "Ruyi Cloud", is a floating connected floating cloud, or the head of Ruyi, or the decorative pattern of Ganoderma lucidum or Xiangyun, which is connected with the handle of Ruyi to form a flowing connected pattern of Xiangyun, hence the name. There is a name of "ruyi" in Volume 10 of Sericulture Essence compiled by Qing Dynasty.

(8) "Four-in-one Ruyi", that is, with Ruyi head as the basic pattern, a quadrilateral symmetrical continuous pattern is made, that is, a quadrilateral continuous pattern. 1975, among the objects unearthed from the Song Tomb in Fucang Mountain, Fuzhou, Fujian, there are brown four-in-one ruyi patterns. Cizhou Kiln produces white glazed four-in-one headrest.

(9) "Must be satisfied", also known as "must be satisfied". The design consists of a writing brush, a Mo Ding, a silver ingot and Ruyi, in which the pen and beard, the ingot and the melody are integrated, which means that they must be satisfied.

(10) "Harmony is a wish", and "Harmony" is said to be two immortals, namely "Cold Mountain" and "Picked up". Although the surnames are different, they are closer than brothers. They love a beautiful woman and don't know each other. After Hanshan got married, they realized that Pickup also loved her daughter, so they abandoned home and went to Qiao Feng, Suzhou to get a haircut and become a monk. When Pickup learned about this, she took her daughter to Hanshan and found Hanshan's cabin, where she watched the ceremony of flowers and lotus flowers in full bloom. Hanshan was overjoyed to see the pickup truck coming all the way. They were very happy for fear that she was hungry. Both of them are monks. They opened a mountain and built a temple called Hanshan Temple. The images of two immortals, Cold Mountain and Picked Up, often appear in picture frames and handicrafts. They are dressed in green, with a lotus in one hand and a round box in the other, which symbolizes harmony. This theme and decorative pattern mostly appear in folk patterns, and a large number of physical objects are passed down from generation to generation.

(1 1) "Four Seasons", the picture consists of four seasons fruits such as persimmon, loquat, grape, watermelon, pomegranate, litchi and white lotus root, or four seasons flowers such as plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum.

(12) "The road is flat", and two or more running deer form a pattern. In ancient times, "deer" was regarded as an auspicious beast. It is homophonic with both "Lu" and "Lu". Counting deer in parallel and unimpeded means smooth sailing and extending in all directions. In addition, there are "peace through the years", "peace through the years", "peace and happiness", "living together for nine years", "good luck every year", "prosperity in the room" and "living and working in peace and contentment".

The themes such as "Fu, Lu, Shou" and "Fu Gui Handwriting" in "Auspicious Patterns" are one of the most popular and popular themes among the people, and also one of the most distinctive themes in the aesthetic and cultural decoration of Cizhou Kiln.

(1) "Five Blessingg holds longevity" and so on are all popular sayings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The so-called "Five Blessingg" refers to five kinds of luck. Language "Shang Shu Hong Fan": "Five Blessingg: 1. Longevity, 2. Richness, 3. Corning, 4. Virtue, 5. Death." Han Huan Tan's "new theory" has a new explanation: "Five Blessingg: long life, wealth, nobility, happiness and many descendants." Usually, five bats surround a word "longevity" to form a circular or square pattern. According to the homonym of "Bat" and "Fu", its combination with "Longevity" means "wealth" and "Longevity".

(2) In The Past of Five Blessingg, the winter solstice is the beginning of a year in the old calendar, Pingshuo is the beginning of January, and midnight is the beginning of a day. Pingshuo and the winter solstice are called the "era" of midnight. Borrow the new year. Usually consists of litchi, longan or copper coins and five bats; Litchi stands for calendar, laurel or copper coins, and five bats stand for Yuanhe. Some of its "Five Blessingg" are composed of "Shoutao", which means longevity, "Peony" means wealth, "Osmanthus fragrans" means expensive, "Quail" or "deer" means safety or happiness, and "Pomegranate" means many children and many blessings. The concrete connotation of "Five Blessingg" is based on the New Theory written by Han and Huan Tan.

(3) "God bless the people" is also called "God bless". The fifteenth day of the first lunar month is Shangyuan Festival. According to folklore, heavenly officials blessed the world. Because it is used as a folk decorative pattern. It is usually composed of celestial officials and bats flying with wings spread. Borrowing "bat" means "happiness". There are also celestial officials who write the words "God bless the people" with the axis characters as ornaments. Widely used in folk objects, paintings, sculptures and New Year pictures.

(4) The pattern of "Blessing from Heaven" consists of the patterns of "Bat" and "Xiangyun", symbolizing good luck.

(5) Birthday is composed of bat, bergamot, peach and birthday. There are also those who use the word "longevity" instead of "peach" and "Ganoderma lucidum" instead of "ruyi". "Bat", "Buddha" and "Fu" are homophonic; "Peach", also known as "longevity peach", symbolizes longevity and is combined into a pattern, which means "happy life". Popular in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

(6) "Fu Lu is connected" and "deer" is considered as an auspicious animal in ancient times. It has been a pale deer for thousands of years, a white deer for 500 years, and a mysterious deer for 500 years. The meaning of "deer" and "Lu" is harmonious, so it includes "official Lu", "salary" and "post". "Lu" was bought by ancient officials. "Deer" and "Bat" form a pattern, forming an end-to-end ring pattern, that is, "Fulu is connected". Others were integrated with "Shoutao", especially in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties. 1974, a pair of red deer were carved on the jade carving board unearthed from Orimi Gold Tomb in the lower reaches of Songhua River, and the male deer's long horn bow stood proudly. The doe stared back, gentle and docile. It has distinct nomadic characteristics. This shows that auspicious patterns originated from the decoration of ethnic minorities in Song and Yuan Dynasties. This has been proved by many unearthed cultural relics.

(7) "Longevity of cranes" is called "Longevity of cranes" because people regard cranes as longevity birds. Huai Nan Zi. On Xun Lin: "He Shou is a thousand years old, so he swims extremely." The 1 10 oval pillow with white glaze and black flowers on the fifth floor of No.3 exploration site of Cizhou Kiln in Guantai is painted with the pattern "He Shou". There is a poem that says, "Peach blossom blinds don't make spring, and Heshou doesn't make gods for thousands of years." ⑥ So the design consists of "crane" and "peach blossom" or "peach blossom", which means prolonging life. It was very popular in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

(8) The Distant Age of Pine Crane, also known as Pine Crane in the Same Spring, Pine Crane in Changchun and Longevity Crane, is composed of pine branches and cranes. Pine trees are evergreen, but vigorous and beautiful, prolonging life; Crane is said to be a thousand-year-old bird, and often dances to get old. Both "pine" and "crane" are immortal things, and it is logical to combine them into one, which means good luck and long life. Popular in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

(9) Liu Hai plays the toad. Liu Hai is a Taoist figure. According to legend, when he saw the danger of foreigners' money, he became immortal. The pattern is usually childish bangs, with big hair and big mouth, wearing a shirt with rich sleeves and playing with three-legged golden toad. Because bangs are considered as lucky stars, people paint them as auspicious patterns symbolizing wealth and happiness. Others call this pattern "throwing money bangs", which satirizes people's abandonment of fame and money. Among Yan Song's lost clothes in the Ming Dynasty's anonymous Tianshui Iceberg Record are "a pair of jewelry of Taihō's Liu Hai playing toad in Jinxiang".

(10) "Celebration of the Eight Immortals", also known as "Celebration of Immortals" and "Celebration of the Eight Immortals". Traditional patterns are composed of "Eight Immortals": Zhang, Han Xiangzi, He Xiangu, Li Tie Guai, Han Zhongli, Cao Guojiu and Lan Caihe. They got together to drink to celebrate their birthdays. Mostly used for scarves, hats, dresses, pendants, ornaments, etc. There are also eight "cranes" dancing, and the "fairy" of "crane" is used to refer to the "fairy" of "eight immortals"; In addition, it is said that immortals often travel around the world by cranes, which are replaced by "cranes" on their mounts. In addition, if the Eight Immortals look up at the sky and ride on the crane's birthday star, it is called "the Eight Immortals Yang Shou" or "the Eight Immortals Gong Shou". In addition, there are auspicious patterns with the theme of "happiness, wealth and longevity": "the tortoise and crane are the same age", "three to nine" and "three shifts", that is, "long life, happiness and many children." Nine Rus, The Book of Songs. Xiaoya. "Lutian" contains: "Like a mountain; Such as hillock and mausoleum; If the Sichuan Party comes, it will increase; ..... as a constant of one month; As the sun rises; Such as the life of Nanshan, it does not collapse; As lush as pine and cypress, there is nothing to lose. " It's a good omen. "Gold and jade are linked together", "Happy from now on", "Full of wealth", "Jade Hall is rich", "Immortal Longevity", "Longevity for both", "Shoushan Fuhai", "Immortality" (this is a peanut pattern, commonly known as "longevity fruit", hence its name) and "Yun Zhi Cao Rui" "Shoushi" and "Bald Bird" form a pattern), "Round Shouzi" is also called "Tuanshouzi" (an auspicious pattern formed by the variant of seal script "Shou"), "Magu offers a birthday present" (there are fairy "Magu" combing her hair and holding peaches, etc. As an auspicious pattern) and the classic editions of Qi Mei's Birthday, Qi Mei, The Story of the Han Dynasty, and later Qi Mei as a metaphor for mutual respect and love between husband and wife; Qi Mei's birthday "means that couples pray for a long life; ), "Qingluan offers longevity" (the auspicious pattern consists of the words "Qingluan bird", "Shoutao" or "Shou") and so on.

The relationship between husband and wife is one of the "five relationships" to maintain the feudal social order. Mencius said of Teng Wengong: "Father and son are close, ministers are righteous, husband and wife are different, young and old have conversations, and friends have letters." It is the moral principle of the "five ethics" relationship. The "auspicious implication" expressed by folk "auspicious patterns" is more about the themes of loving each other, "harmony without difference" and "harmony until old age":

(1) "Concentric", also known as "Lotus Concentric". The auspicious pattern consists of Bindilian. Ice lotus is one of the varieties of lotus, and one stem produces two flowers. Du Fu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said in his poem Into the Boat: "Butterflies fly against each other, and the hibiscus itself is double", that is, this is what he said. Patterns often use a white lotus root to give birth to several lotus leaves and lotus flowers. There are holes in the lotus root, indicating communication, while the sounds of "communication" and "similarity" are harmonious, indicating that husband and wife love each other and stay together forever. Popular items in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

(2) "Win with one heart", also known as "Win with one heart forever", with "One-sided victory" and "Double happiness" as auspicious patterns. "Fang Sheng" is two interconnected diamonds, meaning "concentric". Take the auspicious meaning of "marriage" and "harmony between the piano and the harp" The fifty-first chapter of Jin Ping Mei Hua Ci contains Pan Jinlian's sweat towel, embroidered with auspicious patterns such as "ten kinds of brocade" and "crossing with one heart".

(3) "I get a pair because of harmony", with "Lotus", "Lotus" and "White Lotus" as auspicious patterns. "Lotus" and "harmony", "lotus root" and "even" are homophonic, meaning a happy marriage and harmony between husband and wife.

(4) "Grow old together", with "bronze basin", "bronze mirror" and "shoes" as auspicious patterns. Because "copper" and "tong", "shoes" and "Xie" are homophonic, which means that monogamy is expensive and the piano and instrument are harmonious. Mostly used in folk towels, hats, dresses and ornaments for men and women.

(5) "Childhood friends", with "Tianzhu" and "Chimonanthus praecox" as auspicious patterns. With plum blossom instead of plum blossom and Tianzhu instead of Tianma, the lingering couple have no guess, respect and love each other. In addition, there are "Whitehead Prosperity", "Yuanyang Playing in the Water" and "Manchi Jiao", all of which are auspicious patterns of this kind of theme.

Human beings have been promoting the reproductive phenomenon of reproduction. Therefore, the auspicious patterns with the theme of many children and grandchildren are also rich and colorful:

(1) "Kirin sends the child", also known as "Jade Qi is a godsend". The boy rode on the unicorn to form an auspicious pattern. Teenagers wear a crown robe, one holding lotus and the other holding sheng; Taking "lotus" and "life" as the meaning of "lotus life", Kirin, the ideal spirit beast of mankind, descended from the sky and sent your son away happily. Popular items in Qing dynasty.

(2) Liu Kai Bai Zi, also known as the General History of Bai Zi. Use "pomegranate" to form auspicious patterns. Pomegranate has many seeds in one fruit, and the folk metaphor is "many seeds". Take * * * offspring reproduction, continuous auspicious meaning.

(3) "Future generations", with "gourd", "gourd vine" or ""as auspicious patterns, and "gourd" as a multi-seed plant, is a metaphor for future generations; "Man", "Man" and "Wan" are homophonic, and vines are winding, which means everlasting. In addition, the auspicious patterns composed of "pomegranate" and "bamboo shoots" have similar meanings. It was more popular in Ming and Qing dynasties.

(4) "Appropriate descendants", the so-called "appropriate descendants", is an auspicious language, which means that women are suitable for childbirth and children are constantly. Auspicious patterns mostly express the auspicious patterns of "day lily" by "coloring". Day lily is also called "yellow flower" and "day lily". In ancient times, it was said that a woman can have a boy when she is pregnant and wears flowers; Therefore, "day lily" is also called "a flower suitable for men". In addition, the gold pendant unearthed from the Eastern Han Tomb in Wuguidun, Hefei, Anhui Province, is the Chinese character "Yi descendants" in seal script, which is an auspicious decoration. It can be seen that this auspicious picture has a long history.

(5) "Men should have more children", also known as "men should prolong life" and "prolong life". "Hemerocallis" and "Pomegranate" constitute auspicious patterns. Others combine "Shoushi" and "Hemerocallis" into auspicious patterns. In addition to the above meaning, there is also the meaning of good luck and longevity. In addition, shaping porcelain male fat dolls is also a manifestation of "being suitable for men and having many children". Cizhou Kiln's "children's pillow with black flowers on white background" is such auspicious implication.

(6) "melon paste" and "melon paste", that is, big melons and small melons, mean that children will thrive and reproduce. Patterns usually consist of "butterfly", "melon" and "melon vine". Mostly used in folk clothing, jewelry and ornaments for men and women. Popular in Ming and Qing Dynasties. In addition, there are "premature birth of your son" (auspicious patterns are composed of "red dates" or "jujube trees" and "longan"), "blessed birth of your son" (patterns are usually represented by "osmanthus trees" or "osmanthus flowers" and "bats") and "continuous birth of your son" and so on.

In feudal society, the so-called imperial examination is proud of the imperial examination, and the theme of being the top scholar and prosperous career is also an important aspect contained in the auspicious pattern:

(1) "Good news ternary", the pattern is usually made by "magpie" perching on the branches of "longan" and chirping with its neck. Cizhou kiln glazed white background black flower magpie pattern longan tiger pillow is an example. "Longan" means "three yuan". "Sanyuan" was the first in the imperial examination in feudal society, namely "Xie Yuan", "Huiyuan" and "Champion". The pattern is also embroidered with a spider next to three lychees or three citrons. Take the same meaning.

(2) "No.1 scholar", the first in palace examination, is called "No.1 scholar"; The second name is "No.2 Eye" and the third name is "Flower Exploration". Gong Kao ranked first and second on the list. Usually, the top three are given by the emperor, and the last seven are given the background of Jinshi. The design usually consists of the crowned boy Lapras. "Guan" and "Guan" are homophonic, and Dai Guan's fable is high school. Lapras, the boy, is the "best" and is regarded as the "No.1 scholar".

(3) "Lianke all the way" is called "Lianke" in feudal social science research. "Connected all the way" means pride in the field and bon voyage. In the design, "Egret", "Lotus", "Lotus Leaf" and "Reed" usually constitute a small pond scene. That's what the white glaze rust in Cizhou kiln means. "One heron" means "all the way", and "land" is homophonic with "Yi". The imperial examination of scientific research was appointed by the Emperor of Heaven and sung in the temple. After singing, it was accepted by the cabinet door and passed down the steps. The guards shouted in unison, calling it "transmission". Borrow the meaning of "link subject" and "inheritance".

(4) Biography of Huang Family, also known as Biography of Erjia. In the Ming Dynasty, palace examination ranked second and first among the top three. In the Qing Dynasty, Dimethyl's first name was Chuanchuan. "Dimethyl Kawasaki" is the highest on the list. Because the winners are mostly written on yellow paper, it is also called "yellow nail". Song Kazuki Watanabe musician's poem "Wang Zhu Tongshe" said: "Three lifts can't get rid of Huang Jia, and two smiles can't get rid of Ding Baigui." That's it. Patterns usually consist of two ducks or two crabs and reeds. Back to the homonym of "duck" and "one", two ducks mean "dimethyl"; "Crab" has a carapace, which also means "A".

(5) The pattern of "Spring Swallow in Xinglin" is composed of several branches of "apricot tree" or several flowers of "apricot flower" and a pair of "flying swallows". The imperial examination was adopted in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the Jinshi examination was stipulated in February every year, when apricot flowers were in full bloom, so "apricot flowers" had the reputation of "harmonious flowers". The first person to enter the palace for the exam will be given a banquet by the emperor. Yan is a bird of knowing spring and good luck, which is homophonic with "feast", meaning "Jin Shi Ji".

(6) "The moon has won the laurel", also known as "the moon is laurel". Winning the first prize in ancient scientific research is called "the moon won the laurel". The pattern consists of "toad", "osmanthus tree" and "jade rabbit".

(7) The "Orchid Blossom", also known as "Guizi Lansun" and "Gui Lan Fangsheng", takes "Orchid" and "Osmanthus fragrans" as auspicious patterns. Because Xie An, a famous star in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, compared his sons and nephews to "Lan Zhi", Dou in the Five Dynasties taught all five sons to be famous, calling them Gui (Gui) sons and collectively "Wu Gui". Since then, "Gui Lan Qi Fang" has been used as auspicious language. There is a saying in the back of A Dream of Red Mansions 120, "It is natural that Gui Lan and Qi Fang will return to the beginning in the future." In addition, there are "Yiyi" (the pattern usually consists of a duck or a crab with reeds), "the birthday of the number one scholar" (the pattern consists of citron, bamboo and ribbon birds) and "Wuzisheng", and later generations have achieved academic success, with "Wuzisheng", "Yipin Qing" (the pattern consists of a lotus flower and several lotus leaves) and "Yipin Cave" (the pattern consists of Taihu Stone is named after its thinness, permeability and leakage), "Yipin Chao" (the pattern is composed of "crane", "water wave" and "Asahi", and the crane is the length of the feather family, so it is called "Yipin Bird" for civil servants) and "official plus official". In addition, there are "three-level promotion", "high crown promotion" and "immediate effect".