What is modernization?

Modernization is often used to describe social and cultural changes that have taken place in modern times. According to Magnarella's definition, modernization is an all-encompassing global cultural and social transformation process that a developing society experiences in order to acquire some characteristics of a developed industrial society.

Historically, modernization mainly refers to: since modern times, all countries in the world have been aiming at many values formed in western Europe and North America since modern times and seeking new ways out. So it is often similar to the connotation of westernization. Generally speaking, modernization includes scientific academic knowledge, democratic governance, economic industrialization, urbanization of social life, liberalization and democratization of ideas, and humanization of culture.

Modernization is a profound change of human civilization, an alternating process of innovation, selection, dissemination and withdrawal of civilization elements, and an international competition to catch up with, reach and maintain the world's advanced level.

The core of modernization is "the liberation of human nature" and "the liberation of productive forces (efficiency)", which is sometimes called "westernization" because it started from western societies such as Europe and America, but it does not belong exclusively to western societies.