How to optimize and upgrade China's manufacturing industry

In view of the difficulties and challenges faced by the optimization and upgrading of traditional manufacturing industry, we have the following suggestions to better promote its transformation and upgrading:

First, increase investment in research and development. On the one hand, it is necessary to increase the total R&D investment at the national level and increase R&D investment in basic research and sexual technology. On the other hand, support enterprises to increase R&D investment in various ways and encourage enterprises to enhance their innovation ability. For example, tax incentives should be given to enterprises' R&D investment funds, venture capital funds should be introduced, and social funds can be effectively transformed into enterprises' R&D investment by reforming GEM and improving science and technology innovation board.

Second, stimulate the innovative vitality of talents. Talent is the key to the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry. The optimization and upgrading of traditional industries requires both scientific research talents and high-skilled talents (mainly including those who have obtained the professional qualifications of senior technicians, technicians and senior technicians among skilled workers). On the guarantee of scientific research talents, it is necessary to establish a flexible management mechanism for scientific research talents, improve the efficiency of talent allocation, innovate the incentive mechanism for talents, and stimulate the creativity of scientific research talents through project subsidies, platform funding, talent incentives and other means. In addition, for the traditional manufacturing industry, more attention should be paid to the cultivation of highly skilled personnel. In view of the shortage of high-skilled talents, especially young high-skilled talents, efforts should be made to improve the training, use, evaluation, incentive and guarantee measures for skilled workers, promote the reform of technical colleges, and increase financial support for technical colleges. Encourage enterprises to actively cultivate high-skilled talents through tax subsidies and special subsidies, increase vocational education, and cultivate more enterprise-oriented skilled talents. Further deepen the cooperation between schools and enterprises, and form a mechanism for cultivating skilled personnel with benign interaction between vocational and technical schools and enterprises.

Finally, we should constantly improve the product standard system and promote the high-quality development of manufacturing industry. First, strengthen environmental protection management, further improve governance standards, improve pollutant emission monitoring, and enhance green development momentum. Second, strengthen the construction of quality standard system, not only pay attention to improving product quality, but also pay attention to optimizing industrial chain division, so as to enhance China's voice and competitiveness in global manufacturing.

—— Liang, Institute of Industrial Economics, China Academy of Social Sciences