Who can tell me the knowledge of kimono map and Japanese etiquette?

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Kimono is the name of traditional Japanese national costume. It is also called "persistence" in Japan. Kimono is an imitation of China's clothing style in Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the 8th and 9th centuries, Tang Feng was once popular in Japan. Although it changed later and formed a unique Japanese style, it still contains some characteristics of ancient Chinese clothing. The different styles and colors of women's kimonos are the signs that distinguish age and marriage. For example, unmarried girls wear tight sleeves and married women wear wide sleeves; Comb "Teru Shimada" hairstyle (one of Japanese hairstyles, bowl-shaped). The girl is wearing a red collar shirt and a bun, and the housewife is wearing a plain shirt. Kimono doesn't need buttons, just a knotted belt. There are many kinds of belts, and the method of knotting is different. A widely used method of tying knots is called "Taikoo Knot". There is a paper or cloth core in the belt where the waist is tied, which looks like a square box. This is the decoration behind the kimono that we often see. Because tying knots is very troublesome, there are ready-made "improvement belts" and "cultural belts" after the war. Although today's Japanese daily clothes have long been replaced by suits, kimono is still recognized as a must-wear dress for weddings, celebrations, traditional flower patterns, tea ceremonies and other grand social occasions.

Kimono is the traditional national costume of the Japanese, and it is also the cultural wealth that the Japanese are most worthy of boasting to the world. The skillful wearing of kimono is born with the customs and background of the times. Elegant and beautiful patterns come from Japanese people's appreciation of mountains and rivers, their attachment to the local environment, and even their delicate feelings about humanistic spirit and situation.

Kimono not only combines the essence of elegance and deep introversion, but also embodies the "heart" and "movement" of the wearer. Every beautiful kimono has been carefully cut, paying attention to every detail and every step when wearing it. Therefore, whether sitting or standing, you need to go through in-depth study and training to become a perfect etiquette for both internal and external training. Kimono also has another name, "flower viewing curtain", because kimono.

Kimono is made by first determining the width of the cloth, and then determining the length of each part with standardized units. The width of kimonos for men and women is different. After the cloth is cut and distributed, it is cut into pieces of straight cloth in a straight line, and then combined one by one, so there will be no extra cloth in the production process.

For children's kimonos, when measuring cloth, some seams will be reserved in advance, so that they can be stretched and relaxed at the right time with the growth process, and then corrected to the right size. The reason why the kimono is designed and made in this way is also in line with the traditional customs of the Japanese nation. "Don't waste it, it will be passed down from generation to generation, and many people can wear it."

Some people used to think that it was unscientific and unsanitary to wear a wide and thick belt around your waist. However, the research results in recent years show that the kimono belt can not only compress the body evenly, but also lower the blood pressure of the human body, and can lift the stomach upwards, which is a scientific and hygienic method.

First of all, the tradition of kimono

Kimono is based on the clothing of Tang Dynasty in China and has a long history of development.

In the 8th century BC, China's Tang Dynasty clothing was introduced to Japan, which had a great influence on Japanese kimono. Today, the kimono worn by Japanese people was basically shaped about 600 years ago.

Times kimono

1: Kimono women's clothes were originally called "head clothes" and men's clothes were called "banners". The so-called "headdress" is to dig a hole in the cloth, put it on your head, tie the cloth under your arm with a belt, and then match it with a skirt-like bottom dress, which is novel and practical. The so-called "banner"

2. The age of rope pattern and the age of yayoi

There are two styles of clothing in Japan. One is a shoulder T-shirt, similar to today's T-shirts; The other is a double-breasted style, with right placket, collar tip to waist, and cylindrical sleeves above the knee.

The coat also has a scarf, which is usually hung on the shoulder as decoration. The form is not limited, usually depending on personal preference. A scarf is a belt-shaped fabric that is larger and longer than a scarf, and hangs from the shoulder to the waist. In ancient Japan, princesses were taboo to be seen by men, so they were used to cover their faces. Originally refers to the cloth worn under the lower body to cover the coat, only covering the legs.

3. Nara era in Japan

During the heyday of the Tang Dynasty in China, the Japanese sent a large number of scholars and monks to study in China. These envoys brought the culture, art, costumes and laws of the Tang Dynasty back to Japan. Therefore, Japanese clothing in this period was deeply influenced by China, but the color of clothing was still relatively simple.

4. Heian period

With the prevalence of national customs, kimono gradually got rid of external influences and developed its unique characteristics of luxury and delicacy. Clothing colors began to diversify and sleeves were widened. Women's clothes are mainly "Twelve Single Clothes" and "Tang Clothes", while men's clothes are mainly "waist-girding clothes", "straight clothes" and "hunting clothes".

Silk is the main clothing of aristocratic society, while hemp is the main clothing of civilians. Silk is not allowed.

5: Kamakura era

The government is excessively corrupt and extravagant, and the bureaucracy is declining. During this period, there was a lean and simple Wu culture, and the costumes also reflected the characteristics of this period. At that time, China was in the Yuan Dynasty, and the troops of the Yuan Dynasty invaded Japan several times in succession. In order to facilitate the war, the Japanese clothing was once again simple, and the wide sleeves were changed back to narrow sleeves.

6: Muromachi era

In this issue, family-style lines were printed on clothes, and the design of casual wear began to be formalized. Eboshi and Zhi Chui are fashionable men's wear, while women's wear is developing towards simplicity.

7: Edo era

The edo period was the most prosperous period in the history of Japanese clothing. Although men's wear and women's wear have changed, "for example, the shape of women's wear small sleeve has become close to modern times, while men's wear is popular with feather knitting and ties have become popular." However, the basic pattern has been set. By the Meiji era, the kimono in the modern sense was stereotyped, and there has been no major change since then.

Most of the kimonos we see today continue the clothing characteristics of the Edo era.

8: Meiji, Taisho, Showa era

Although modern Japanese clothing coexisted with foreign countries, women still wore kimonos during the Meiji period. On the male side, although some people wear dresses, they regard kimonos as formal clothes.

During the Taisho period, men wore suits and women began to wear western-style clothes. In kimono, women wear gorgeous feather knitting.

After Taisho, the evolution of kimono was interrupted by the war and continued to develop after the war.

Second, the classification of kimono

1: bathrobe

Bathrobe is also a kind of kimono. Simple kimono worn after bathing or in hot summer. Mainly made of cotton cloth. After the Meiji era (/kloc-the second half of the 9th century), foreign clothes and suits were introduced, so fewer people wore kimonos. In recent years, in summer temple fairs and fireworks exhibitions, bathrobes have become the new favorite of young women in summer!

2. Vibrating sleeve

Vibrating sleeves are wedding dresses for unmarried women, which are divided into big vibrating sleeves, medium vibrating sleeves and small vibrating sleeves according to the length of sleeves. Because of the special clothes of unmarried women, the sleeves must be cut short after marriage.

Large vibrating sleeves: wedding dresses ... and so on. Medium vibrating sleeves: wedding banquet, adult ceremony, graduation ceremony, teacher's banquet, tea party ... and so on. Small vibrating sleeves: both formal and informal occasions can be worn.

Step 3 keep your sleeves

Sleeve-keeping is a formal dress for married women, which is often worn in formal occasions such as wedding banquets. The color is black, the skirt and cuffs are woven with patterns, and a belt inlaid with gold and silver thread is matched. Sleeves can be divided into black sleeves and colored sleeves.

4: Visit

Visit the famous "color sleeves" (color sleeves), because the hem is mostly fancy, there is no marriage rule, so it is widely worn.

5: Flower wedding dress

This is the most beautiful time for a woman to get married in a bridal gown. Japanese marriage patterns can be divided into two types: traditional marriage before God and marriage in western churches; Traditionally, the bride's dress is indispensable for getting married before God. Generally speaking, there are three kinds of bridal gowns: white and flawless, with hanging sleeves and vibrating sleeves. The types of clothes worn on the head and clothes will vary according to family rules and personal style.

6. Pu Zhu Duan

There are many kinds of clothes, and their names are different according to the material, weave, pattern and color. The so-called ordinary clothes can be worn at home for leisure, shopping, tea parties, homecoming and other occasions.

7: Graduation clothes

The clothes and shoes worn at graduation ceremony or degree acceptance ceremony above junior college can be divided into kimono, pinch shoes and riding boots.

Third, kimono style.

There are ten styles of kimono, which are suitable for weddings, banquets, funerals, ceremonies, spring, summer, autumn and winter. According to the pattern and texture of kimono, there are also noble and low points.

Today, kimono is not only a favorite dress for weddings, banquets, funerals and ceremonies, but also an ornament with its accessories. For example, the bride's wedding dress is designed with the same pattern and different colors to emphasize its change. Generally, a formal bride's dress should wear three layers, with the same design, but the colors are different on different occasions, such as the colors worn at the in-laws banquet and the colors worn at the bride's family banquet. In different colors, there are also wedding dresses designed with auspicious patterns such as pine trees and cranes representing longevity. Girls wear it on formal occasions, emphasizing long sleeves (vibrating sleeves) on the ground, similar to the early three-inch golden lotus in China, which means that they are born in a famous family and are not working-class; Generally, married women have short sleeves, indicating their married status.

Spring: cherry blossoms are in full bloom or designs with western flower patterns in spring are more pink.

Summer: Considering the cool colors, the patterns usually take waves, fish playing in the water, and even aquatic plants and flowers and birds as themes.

Autumn: Take autumn chrysanthemum as the theme, add some bleak autumn, and the color is darker.

Winter: Consider the artistic conception of the snow scene in the northern winter.

Every country has its own representative costumes, such as the integration of Hu and Han in China in the Tang Dynasty, cheongsam in the Qing Dynasty, wooden shoes in the Netherlands and so on. , all have their own origins and history, and most of them affect the development of clothing, that is, unique history and culture.

These traditional cultures have also led the new fashion trend. (Data collected by a middle school student in Taiwan Province Province)