Observation

The three most promising dark horses, Tucki, Weilai and Ideality, have not only successfully listed in the United States, but also performed well in sales in recent months. However, in people's impression, these three car companies did not have their own factories in the initial stage, but cooperated with traditional car companies to use their idle production capacity to manufacture cars.

As a vehicle manufacturer, OEM is never a thing, and its disadvantages are obvious (which will be introduced later). So the real place to work hard should be to build your own factory to produce cars.

Netizens even said that if you want to develop in the long run, you have to build your own factory, which is more conducive to controlling all aspects including quality. "Stop looking for an OEM."

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Automobile and people's livelihood. Com sorted out the OEM enterprises, car-making qualifications and factory construction of the above three car companies.

Weilai automobile-

From the first car, Weilai Automobile has cooperated with Jianghuai Automobile, among which Jianghuai is Weilai's main engine factory? Weilai ES8 and Weilai ES6. It is said that Weilai's third model "ET7" is still produced by JAC. ?

Judging from the original intention of building a car, Weilai actually planned to build a factory long ago, but for some reasons, it was originally planned to build its own factory in Jiading, Shanghai, and it was cancelled at the beginning of 20 19. Li Bin, the founder of Weilai, also publicly stated: "Stopping the construction of Jiading factory is a decision made by Weilai according to its own actual situation and development rhythm."

To cancel the self-built factory, Weilai can only choose the cooperation mode of OEM production to achieve cost reduction and efficiency increase. Weilai also said that it will increase investment and transform the foundry. After the transformation, the annual production capacity can reach 1.5 million, and currently it is 1.5 million. The media believes that Weilai will continue to adhere to the OEM cooperation mode and look for potential strategic partners including Jianghuai Automobile.

Li-

Li chose chongqing lifan Automobile as the main engine factory.

It is understood that Che Hejia (Li's predecessor) once spent 650 million yuan to buy the "qualification to build a car". ?

On February 19 last year, the List of Newly Added Vehicle Manufacturers and Enterprises Approved to Change, published in the Announcement of Road Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Products (No.317) by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, showed that the enterprise name of chongqing lifan Automobile Co., Ltd. had been changed to Chongqing Ideality Zhizao Automobile Co., Ltd., and its legal representative had been changed from Mou Gang to Shen Yanan. After the news came out, the media pointed out that Li was finally qualified to build a car.

Before that, Li planned to build a factory in Changzhou, Jiangsu. However, due to the influence of policy factors, the "annual output150,000 electric vehicles project" planned by Chehejia 20 16 has stopped construction.

The production qualification of new energy vehicles is a "stepping stone" for new car manufacturers to enter the market. The channels for obtaining qualifications before include direct application, branding and acquisition. However, since the middle of 20 17, the National Development and Reform Commission has suspended the approval of new pure electric passenger car projects, so most new car-making enterprises can only obtain qualifications through OEM and acquisition. Li chose to acquire Lifan's qualification to build a car. But at present, there is not much news about Li's factory, and the cars he sells are still OEM products.

Xpeng automobile company-

Among the three car companies, Xpeng Motors is ahead of the other two in terms of vision and speed of building factories.

In the early days, Xpeng automobile chose to carry out OEM production with Haima automobile. However, Xpeng Motors is not satisfied with the status quo of OEM, so the first thing to do is to get the qualification to build a car.

Xpeng Motors also completed the "regeneration" of automobile qualification through acquisition. According to media reports, Xpeng Automobile previously acquired 0/00% equity of Foday Automobile/KLOC, thus obtaining the qualification to build a car. Therefore, the Zhaoqing factory of Xpeng Motors has been put into production for several months after receiving it.

It is understood that the total planned area of Zhaoqing Xpeng Motors Intelligent Networked Science and Technology Industrial Park is up to? 3000? Among them, the vehicle production project covers an area of? 1500? Is there stamping, welding, painting, assembly and packaging in the factory area? Who owns the five workshops? 4? Used to assemble different types of flexible production lines. 1? Flexible battery assembly line, * * * meter setting? 264? Intelligent industrial robot. Besides, is there any coverage in the factory? 18? What kind of test pavement and? Dynamic test runway for NVH, control and braking comfort, sealing, automatic parking system and other functional tests.

Xpeng Motors is not satisfied with the scale of only one factory. At the end of September this year, Guangzhou Xpeng Motors intelligent networked automobile intelligent manufacturing base, known as the "second factory", was opened. At the same time, Xpeng Motors said that the introduction of Guangzhou state-owned assets of 4 billion yuan financing.

Automobile and people's livelihood. Com also learned that the information uploaded by Xpeng Motors Q3 financial report conference showed that its second self-built factory, Guangzhou, designed an annual production capacity of 654.38+million vehicles, with an investment of 3 billion yuan. According to the plan, the plant will be completed and put into operation by the end of 2022.

Among the above three new forces, only Xpeng Motors has identified two self-built factories, which may become the first car company to bid farewell to OEM.

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Whether it is Weilai, Ideality or Xpeng Motors, in the early days of their business, they were able to find a foundry company smoothly because of the loose policy.

Article 28 of the Measures for the Administration of Road Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Product Access issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology stipulates that road motor vehicle manufacturers are encouraged to carry out research and development and capacity cooperation, and road motor vehicle manufacturers that meet the prescribed conditions are allowed to entrust processing and production. Encourage road motor vehicle R&D and design enterprises to cooperate with production enterprises, and allow R&D and design enterprises that meet the prescribed conditions to borrow the production capacity of production enterprises to apply for road motor vehicle production enterprises and product access.

The above new regulations can be interpreted as follows: The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology explicitly encourages the OEM mode of automobile production, encourages production enterprises to cooperate with R&D and design enterprises, and allows R&D and design enterprises to borrow the production capacity of production enterprises to apply for road motor vehicle production enterprises and product access.

However, the mode of OEM production may not be what the new forces really want, and it is also a last resort to choose it in the early stage of entrepreneurship.

If automobile enterprises want to deepen the automobile industry, they must obtain the qualification of building cars. However, with the tightening of examination and approval, the inability to obtain the qualification for building cars has become a major problem that plagues the development of new forces for building cars.

In order to solve the qualification problem, some new car-making enterprises have to find another way to acquire qualified enterprises. Therefore, obtaining the qualification means spending more money than formally declaring it. The above-mentioned Li's acquisition of Lifan Automobile Factory and its qualification to build cars cost 650 million yuan.

In order not to affect automobile production, some new car-making enterprises have to seek qualified enterprises for cooperative OEM production, but they will be limited by OEM, which is not a long-term solution for the development of enterprises. But its advantage is that it can build a car and avoid the problem of insufficient funds at the beginning. ?

An industry insider told Auto Minsheng. Com believes that without the help of the OEM policy, the government will not approve the qualification to build a car, and there is no money or no object to buy it. I am afraid that for the new forces to build a car, it is really impossible to build a car.

03

There is no production qualification and product access qualification in the early stage, so it is helpless to adopt the mode of OEM production. After all, the OEM model still has many shortcomings. Mainly reflected in the following aspects:

The production quality is out of control. If there are quality defects, once negative, it will affect the reputation of the whole brand.

The production cost is uncontrollable, resulting in uncontrollable vehicle cost and poor risk resistance;

The production process and beat are uncontrollable, which leads to the inability to deliver in time;

The user's waiting time is uncontrollable, and the purchase experience is affected; Wait a minute.

In addition, Tesla, the hottest electric vehicle brand at present, was deeply troubled by "OEM" at the beginning of its business.

An auto veteran told the media that he had been to Tesla's fremont factory three times and listened to the employees' stories about the most difficult things Tesla encountered in the initial stage of production.

According to him, Roadster was produced that year? 1? At that time, the car body was made in France, and the motor was made in made in taiwan, China. We bought a single battery, shipped it to Thailand to assemble a battery pack, and then sent it to the UK for customs clearance in the shortest time. After the whole vehicle is assembled in Britain, it will take dozens of days to ship it from Cape of Good Hope to Los Angeles. At that time, Tesla engineers were deeply troubled and went everywhere to solve production problems.

In the end, it turns out that even if Tesla finds a top OEM, it will not get the support of the best OEM team. Even if Tesla is ambitious, it is difficult to mobilize the enthusiasm of outsourcing service companies.

Therefore, Musk and his team finally decided to build their own factory.

The above-mentioned three new car-making forces have not revealed to the outside world the embarrassment or unhappiness they encountered in the OEM process, but in the actual cooperation process, there will be some difficulties, but they just don't want to talk about it. And how long will this "depression" be "buried"? When is the best answer to get rid of the OEM mode completely?

This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.