Medical minorities in China

"When I asked your student under a pine tree," he replied, "My teacher went to pick herbs". However, through these clouds, how can I know which corner of the mountain it is facing? "When the ancients lived in seclusion, they did not forget to engage in a sideline-herb gathering. China's medicine has indeed been integrated with traditional culture. In fact, in addition to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in a narrow sense, China's ethnic medicine has a long history and has been paid more and more attention.

There are more than 30 ethnic minorities in China with a relatively systematic background in ethnic medicine, among which Mongolian, Miao, Tibetan, Uygur and other ethnic minorities have the richest medical systems and varieties. Mongolian medicine not only has a large number and a wide range, but also has penetrated into daily diet. Mongolian people have a long tradition of dietotherapy, and their daily recipes are the best list of health care drugs.

Compatible Mongolian medicine

Mongolian medicine is a combination of traditional Chinese medicine, Tibetan medicine and ancient Indian medicine. According to the literature, there are more than 2,000 kinds of Mongolian medicines, mainly plant medicines, including more than 2000 kinds of wild medicinal plants 1 100, and more than 2000 kinds of animals that can be used as medicines are wolves, antelopes, green sheep, marmots, Mongolian rabbits, etc. In addition, the rich local mineral resources make it very convenient for Mongolian doctors to use mineral medicines.

Many special medicinal materials for Mongolian medicine have attracted the attention of modern medicine because of their reliable curative effect. For example, Mongolian medicine jujube is used to treat palpitation, angina pectoris and heart disease, seabuckthorn is used to relieve cough and eliminate phlegm, promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, blue potted flower is used to clear lung heat and treat liver heat, and Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge is used to treat rheumatic joint pain.

In the use of some general medicinal materials, Mongolian medicine is different from traditional Chinese medicine and has special curative effect. For example, nutmeg is used to warm the spleen and stomach after being simmered by Chinese medicine, and Mongolian medicine raw nutmeg is used to treat heart disease.

Combination of food and medicine

Dietotherapy is one of the traditional therapies of Mongolian medicine. Mongolian folk proverb says: "The disease begins with food; The source of medicine comes from friedensreich hundertwasser decoction. " Therefore, in the view of Mongolian medicine, meat, milk, bone soup, oil, fruits and vegetables, tea wine and so on. As long as it is eaten properly, it can play a role in health care and treatment.

The most representative of Mongolian medicine diet therapy is the "sour horse milk therapy" with a history of more than 700 years. Sour horse milk is rich in vitamins, trace elements and various amino acids, which plays an important role in Mongolian medicine. Experimental and clinical studies show that yogurt has a significant effect on paralysis, hypertension, diabetes, tuberculosis, precordial pain and so on. "A drug king is in all directions, with 3,000 Miao medicines and 800 prescriptions." -In ethnic medicine, the integrity of the Miao medicine system is second only to that of traditional Chinese medicine.

"Time-honored Brand" in Ethnic Medicine

Miao nationality is one of the oldest ethnic minorities in China. In Shuo Yuan written by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty, "I heard that doctors in ancient times were all called Miao Fu", and China has always said that "Miao people have a thousand years, and Miao doctors have a thousand years". Because of its unique curative effect, some Miao medicines have become tributes of local officials in past dynasties. It can be said that both medicine and therapy, profound Miao medicine can be comparable to traditional Chinese medicine.

Natural "pharmaceutical factory"

Miao medicine is mainly distributed in mountainous areas of Miao Ling, wumeng mountain and Wuling where Miao people live in compact communities. Among them, Guizhou, one of the four authentic medicinal materials in China (authentic medicinal materials refer to medicinal materials with strong regional characteristics and unique materials, uses and curative effects), is the birthplace of Miao medicine. As the saying goes, "there is no idle grass at night, and there is a panacea in Guizhou." Guizhou's medicinal materials not only have a wide variety and unique efficacy, but also grow in a pollution-free original ecological environment, which is also an important guarantee for the magical curative effect of Miao medicine.

According to statistics, there are more than 500 kinds of common Miao medicines/kloc-0, and nearly 200 kinds of commonly used Miao medicines. The naming of Miao medicine is very characteristic, which often contains information such as the special efficacy, appearance and smell of the medicine, and there is a formula to link the medicine with the curative effect. For example, "You can't climb uphill without a dwarf (also known as Xiao Dihuanglian and Millennium Dwarf)", "You can't climb the ridge without an inverted umbrella (also known as Yangyin rattan and Huangniupao)" and "You can't kill yourself without four tiles (also known as Asarum Clover and Wangendan)" and so on.

Miao doctor's unique skills

Miao doctors usually use vivid words to name diseases: upper limbs twitch like a kite flapping its wings, which is called "kite meridian", and knee joints are red and swollen like a cat's head, which is called "cat's head disease" ... There is a saying in Miao Doctor that it involves internal and external diseases, neurology, orthopedics and various infectious diseases, and each disease has a specific name.

Miao doctors have many prescriptions in medication, which are generally specialized diseases and have special effects on difficult diseases, chronic diseases and senile diseases. Because of the unique natural "pharmaceutical factory", Miao doctors use fresh drugs, which is also the uniqueness of their diagnosis and treatment. Tibetan doctors born in snowy plateau are endowed with unique capital. Tibetan medicine has become the focus of medical circles all over the world because of its remarkable curative effect on diseases such as liver and gallbladder, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, nervous system, immune system, digestive system and gynecology. Precious Tibetan medicine is the key to the legend of Tibetan medicine.

The highest and largest "cornucopia"

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the highest and youngest plateau in the world and the cradle and main producing area of Tibetan medicine. In addition to Tibet, modern Tibetan medicine also includes Tibetan autonomous prefectures and counties in Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan and Yunnan. According to the investigation, there are more than 2,400 kinds of Tibetan medicine resources, including 2 172 kinds of plants, 2 14 kinds of animals and 50 kinds of minerals.

Tibetan areas have been the "cornucopia" of Chinese medicinal plants since ancient times. Hundreds of precious medicinal materials such as Fritillaria, Notoginseng Radix, Gastrodia elata, Ganoderma lucidum, Rhodiola, Cordyceps, etc. Best-selling at home and abroad, and anticancer medicinal plants such as podophyllum, Taxus chinensis, Dysosma versicolor, Arnebia euchroma, etc. have also been widely developed and applied.

Exquisite Tibetan doctor

It is precisely because of the preciousness of Tibetan medicine that Tibetan doctors attach great importance to the collection and processing of Tibetan medicine. Tibetan medicine generally requires bright color, no pests, no damage, and even has not been infringed by sunlight, shadow and water. Generally, buds, stems and branches of medicinal materials are collected in the vigorous period, roots and seeds are dug in autumn, leaves are picked in summer, fruits are picked in autumn, bark is collected in winter and spring and autumn, and resin is collected in spring and autumn.

Tibetan medicine should not only be collected in the right place and at the right time, but also be selected by drying to distinguish the outdated ones. Finally, we have to go through strict processing procedures such as "processing and detoxification, adjusting voltage and increasing efficiency, and proper preparation". Under the guidance of modern medical science and technology, Uygur medicine with ancient mysterious temperament has taken the first step towards the world of ethnic medicine.

There are also Chinese and western ones.

Uygur medical theory is ancient and mysterious, mainly including temperament, body fluid and viscera. It is said that this medical theory was born in the 4th century BC, which has had an important influence on world medicine including ancient Greece.

Xinjiang's unique geographical location has made Uygur medicine closely related to China's traditional medicine and Indian, Persian, Arabian, ancient Greek, ancient Roman and ancient Egyptian medicine since its birth, and it is the most mixed-race branch of China's ethnic medicine.

The combination of Chinese and western elements

Uyghur medicine has unique curative effects in preventing and treating tumors, dermatoses, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. It has developed 13 dosage form and 147 ethnic medicines for treating diabetes, vitiligo and other difficult diseases in the world.

The reason why Uyghur medicine can enter the world market is that it not only retains the secret recipe of the family, but also integrates the research and development of modern medicine. Moreover, from the south of the Yangtze River valley in China to foreign countries such as North Africa, the Mediterranean, West Asia and Central Asia, Uighur medicine has spread all over the world, which is also an important reason why Uighur medicine can go global.