English literary styles in different periods?

English literature originated in the Middle Ages, and experienced seven periods: Old English, Middle English, Renaissance,17th century,18th century,19th century and 20th century literature, and made remarkable achievements.

Old English Literature Britain belonged to the old English period before 10 century. The early Celtic tribes and the Anglo-Saxons and Jutes who invaded in the 5th century left no written documents at first. From the end of the 6th century to the end of the 7th century, as King Astero Burt of Kent converted to Christianity, monks of this religion began to write books and poems in Latin, among which the History of the Religion of the British People written by Bede has the most historical and literary value. In the 9th century, Alfred, King of Wessex, organized manpower to translate various Latin works into English, and advocated writing Anglo-Saxon chronicles in English, including heroic epics about Anglo-Saxon and Zhu De, as well as some lyric poems, dialect poems, riddles and religious poems, religious narratives and sermons.

Medieval English literature 1 1 century, with the invasion of Normans, Old English gradually evolved into Middle English, and knight legends with French rhyme style began to be popular in literature, among which Sir Gawaine and the Knight in Green is the most artistic value. /kloc-The second half of the 4th century was the peak of the development of Middle English, and there appeared oral rhyming poems that seemed to be influenced by old English poems. The most famous long poem "Fantasy of Farmer Beers" is generally believed to be written by the missionary Langland, which explores the good and evil in the form of medieval dream stories, satirizes the ugliness of society and expresses deep sympathy for poor farmers. During this period, King Charles came to power for the second time, the court began to use Anglo-Norman French, and the royal nobles rose to sponsor literati. Chaucer is the first great poet in the history of English literature. He became an important founder of English literature with his collection of short stories of Canterbury Tales and other long and short poems. /kloc-there were manuscripts of folk songs in the 0/5th century, the most famous of which was the legend of the hero Robin Hood in Water Margin. Mallory's prose novel The Death of King Arthur is the embryonic form of English novels.

Renaissance literature/kloc-from the middle of the 6th century to the beginning of the 7th century, mainly in the era of Queen Elizabeth, Britain began the Renaissance movement. Scholars have translated Italian and French academic and literary masterpieces and written them themselves, among which Utopia by Thomas Moore (1477 ~ 1535) is the most valuable. Poetry and drama are the most prominent features of English Renaissance literature. Sidney's sonnets (1554 ~ 1586) and Spencer's The Fairy Queen are both masterpieces in poetry. The use of rhyming poems in scripts has promoted unprecedented achievements in both poetry and drama. Shakespeare developed this poetic drama to its peak, and he was also good at writing sonnets and long narrative poems. Later, Ben Jonson (1572 ~ 1637) was good at writing social satires. From the end of16th century to the beginning of17th century, the Renaissance gradually came to an end, and the so-called chivalrous aristocratic leisure poems prevailed for a while. At the same time, there appeared a metaphysical poet represented by Donne, who was unique in expressing active and restless thoughts and containing philosophy.

17th century literature1From the 1940s to the 1980s, the bourgeois revolution took place in Britain and a constitutional monarchy was established. Milton, the great poet, first took part in this struggle by writing political papers. In his later years, he wrote the long poem Paradise Lost, paradise regained and the poetic drama Samson, which brought English blank poems in the17th century to a new aesthetic height with fiery feelings, magnificent imagination and beautiful language. Since then, Dryden (163 1 ~ 1700) has made great achievements in satire, ode and drama. His literary works On Drama Poetry, The Basis of Tragic Criticism and his comments on some former writers make English literary criticism an independent category. Bunyan (1628 ~ 1688), who represents the lower class, and his satirical fantasy novel Pilgrim's Progress are regarded as the origins of modern English novels.

18th-century literature18th-century society's relative stability and the spread of enlightenment brought about a new grand occasion of English literature and the rise of realistic novels. A number of writers and works have emerged one after another: Defoe and his Robinson Crusoe, Swift and Gulliver's Travels, Richardson and his Pamela, Fielding and his Abandoned History of tom jones, Stern and his Biography of Shandy, Mollet and his Biography of Langdon, Goldsmith and his Reverend wakefield. At the end of this century, Gothic novels, which are characterized by mystery, horror and violence, have had a far-reaching impact on readers because of their entertainment and psychological effects. Periodical literature is another important achievement in this period. A large number of periodicals appeared, and many famous writers, poets and playwrights served as editors and writers. The published prose is short and pithy, with a wide range of topics and vivid humor, which makes English prose form a genre with unique national characteristics. There are also many excellent works in other forms of prose.

/kloc-literature in the 0/9th century1at the beginning of the 9th century, following the elegant and implicit lyric poems of poets such as Pope, Gray (1716 ~1771) and Burns,18th century. His early representative poets were Wordsworth and Coleridge's lakeside poets. Their collection of poems, Lyric Ballads, or Roaming in a Foreign Land and Ancient Times and Dreams, created a new style of poetry and laid the theoretical foundation for English romantic poetry with theoretical works. After the 1920s, Byron, Shelley and Keats appeared one after another. In the middle and late period of this century, important poets such as Browning couple, Arnold, Rossetti and Swinburne appeared one after another. They became an important part of English poetry in the19th century with their unique style and artistic conception close to the modern consciousness of the 20th century.

From the beginning of 19 century, I wrote prose by going up a storey still higher. Khazri's literary theory "Spirit of the Times", Lamb's prose collection "Essays of Ilya", De Quincy's long self-report "Confessions of an English opium addict", Carlisle's "French Revolution" and Ruskin's aesthetic work "The Stone of Venice" are all famous works. Prose novels are even more grand in the whole19th century. First of all, Scottish writer Scott created a new field of historical novels with his 27 works; At the same time, the female writer J Austin created the world of custom novels with six works. From 1940s to 1960s, in the early Victorian era, a series of novelists with world influence, such as Thackeray, Madame Gaskell, Trollope, Bronte sisters and G Eliot, appeared one after another. From the 1970s to the early 20th century, important novelists headed by Hardy appeared one after another, including George meredith, Maurice, Butler, Stevenson, Wilde, Conrad, Conan Doyle and Kipling, all of whom had their own unique artistic personality and exploration spirit.

Literature in the 20th century After the 20th century, there appeared a trend of diversified development of novels, poems and plays in English literature. At the beginning of the 20th century, Bernard Shaw, an Irishman, made great contributions to the theory and practice of drama in London, and the achievements of Irish Renaissance in drama greatly revitalized English drama. Hardy, the original novelist, turned to poetry creation and completed the poetic drama Kings, which became the masterpiece of English poetry before the First World War. The artillery fire of the First World War had a great impact and shock on people's lives, thoughts and feelings, which led to the rise of modernism in literature. The publication of Eliot's long poem The Waste Land became the starting point of modernist poetry. Joyce's Ulysses and Woolf's The Waves are important masterpieces of stream-of-consciousness novels. Lawrence, on the other hand, expressed his unique views on life and artistic originality with a series of works full of the flavor of the times. At the same time, some novelists appeared before the war and even in the19th century, such as Wells, Bennett, John Galsworthy, Mao Mu and Foster. , or go to the reality channel. After World War II, novelists such as Huxley, Orwell, Ivo, Ishewood, Green, Golding, Fowles, etc. Most of them continue to advance in the integration of tradition and modernity. The two world wars brought about great changes in women's life thoughts, and a number of outstanding female novelists emerged in the British literary world, such as Bowen, Spark, Murdoch, Lessing, drabble and Hill. Angry youth, which appeared in the 1950s, is also an influential literary trend. Besides novels, there are excellent plays. Irish Beckett and London Pinter are the representatives of English absurd drama. In the field of poetry, thomas eliot's group poem Quartet is a masterpiece in the 1940s. From 1950s to 1970s, the best poets were Larkin and Hughes. Heine, an Irish poet, is the most influential poet after these two.