What kind of clef notation is used for basses and tubas?

Violin: treble clefViola: upper clefCello: bass clef, tenor clef or alto clefBass: double bass clef.

The double bass is a Western stringed instrument, and is the lowest articulated instrument in the string section of a modern symphony orchestra. The double bass is distinctly different from the other instruments in the string section (violin, viola, and cello): the shape of the double bass is more derived from the vihar, and is different from the shape of the other three violins.

For example, the shoulders of the instrument are slanted for the double bass and rounded for the other three; the bow of the double bass can be an evolution of the Vière's bow (now called the German bow, which needs to be held in the opposite hand, similar to the Chinese huqin), or it can be used similar to the cello's bow (now called the French bow).

The other three violins can only use the latter type of bow. The double bass is the only stringed instrument in a symphony orchestra in which the principal player does not sit in front of the conductor. The double bass is the only symphonic string instrument that uses only 3 fingers to press the strings in the low grip position, where the distance between the grips is so great that it is impossible to use all four fingers evenly.