What is Gui Opera?

Gui Opera is the main local opera in Guangxi. It is popular in Guilin, Liuzhou, Hezhou, Hechi and some Mandarin areas of Wuzhou, and spreads to southern Hunan and the northwest corner of Guangxi. Gui Opera has a relatively long history, originating around the middle of the Ming Dynasty. Kunqu opera spread to Guangxi in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and later Gaoqiang and Yiyang opera were introduced one after another. Several kinds of tunes merged with each other to form Gui opera.

Guizhou opera has a rich repertoire, with "800 large and small volumes", such as "Striking the Golden Boughs", "Going Down the Mountain by the Fire", "Broken Bridge Party", "Grabbing the Umbrella", "Mu Guiying" ", "Hao Yanfu", "He Fengqun", "Li Kui Seizes the Fish", "Sishui Nagang", "Pai Feng Acting with Sticks", "Liu Qingti", "Stealing Armor", etc. are all representative of them. Repertoire. Gui Opera draws on the voices and performing arts of Qi Opera, Peking Opera, Kun Opera and other operas, and pays equal attention to singing, chanting and dancing. It is famous for its delicate singing and lifelike workmanship. Its vocal music belongs to Banqiang style, which is mainly ballistic tune, and also sings Gaoqiang, Kunqiang, blowing tune and miscellaneous tunes. The tunes are divided into two major systems: the South Road and the North Road. The North Road is high-pitched and majestic, while the South Road is euphemistic and low-pitched. Its counter-tune forms of "yinpi" and "back arch" also form their own systems. Gui opera is sung in Guilin dialect, with beautiful tones and measured melody. The accompaniment band is divided into Wen and Wuchang. The former uses Erxian, Yueqin, Sanxian, Huqin, Qudi, Bangdi, Suona, Suona, etc., while the latter uses crisp drums, war drums, large hall drums, small hall drums, banbans, and large gongs. , big cymbal, small gong, small cymbal, cloud gong, star, bell, etc.

The roles in Gui opera are divided into four major roles: raw, dan, jing and ugly. The living conduct is divided into three categories: birth, mo, outer, small, and martial. The Dan conduct is divided into four categories: Dan, Zhan, Tie, and Fu. The pure conduct is divided into three categories: pure, secondary pure, and mojing. The ugly conduct is only divided into ugly and clown. Two kinds. There are also some walk-on roles collectively called "miscellaneous". Gui Opera does not exclusively play the role of Yao Dan. The role of Yao Dan is often performed by actors such as Fu Jing, Chou and Husband, and the performances are humorous. With the rise of the "Three Small Operas" in the late Qing Dynasty, Gui Opera's Dan line was gradually subdivided into Zheng Dan, Guimen Dan, and Zhiqing Dan. Gui opera focuses on craftsmanship, often with martial arts, literature and singing. The performances are simple, delicate, euphemistic and moving, and focus on shaping characters with artistic techniques full of life.

Gui Opera, rooted in the folk, integrates the unique customs and humanistic characteristics of Guangxi, and gradually forms a style that is delicate and graceful, smart and vivid, strong and soft, full of local flavor and simple and simple that is close to life. beauty of. Due to various reasons, Guizhou Opera is currently in an endangered situation. The tradition is lost, talents are out of stock, repertoire and skills are lost, and folk performances are struggling. The original artistic characteristics of Guizhou Opera are gradually diluted in the process. Measures need to be taken to discover, rescue and protect them in time. Gui Opera has revitalized this ancient opera that was on the verge of extinction. In 2006, Gui Opera was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage representative projects.