Five options of pre-hospital first aid

Pre-hospital first aid refers to the out-of-hospital first aid for critically ill patients. In a broad sense, pre-hospital first aid refers to the emergency rescue carried out by medical staff or witnesses at the scene when the patient is ill, while in a narrow sense, pre-hospital first aid refers to the medical activities carried out by professional first aid institutions using communication equipment, transportation and basic medical elements before the patient arrives at the hospital. Here are some tips for pre-hospital first aid, hoping to help you.

Pre-hospital first aid experience 1

Pre-hospital first aid refers to the out-of-hospital first aid for critically ill patients. As an important part of medical care and social security, pre-hospital first aid plays a very important role in the emergency medical system. The purpose of pre-hospital first aid is to save lives, but life-threatening cardiac arrest, acute cerebrovascular disease, epilepsy and so on. It is often encountered in emergency work and needs immediate pre-hospital on-site rescue.

The clinical manifestations of cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest are: cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest, loss of consciousness, blue or pale complexion, disappearance of pulse and inability to measure blood pressure. Cardiac and respiratory arrest need to race against time, and rescue should start within 3-7 minutes, mainly with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). There are 544,000 cases of sudden cardiac death in China every year, and the domestic success rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is about 10%, which is far lower than that of developed countries. Five patients with sudden heart attack involved in this report were unconscious and expressionless when they fainted, which was suspected of cardiac arrest. Unfortunately, in a hurry, volunteers didn't check their pulse and confirm their breathing, so they didn't dare to conclude that it must be cardiac arrest, and its efficiency could not be compared with that of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Nevertheless, according to the initial medical diagnosis, it should be a sudden heart attack and it is also very dangerous, so the report here is also of considerable significance.

Acute cerebrovascular disease is also called "stroke" or "stroke", including hemorrhagic and ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. The patient suddenly fainted, coma, flushed face, mouth and eyes askew, slow movement, speech disorder, hemiplegia, urinary incontinence, etc. Some patients will also have jet vomiting. Most of them have acute onset, rapid development and serious illness. If the rescue is not timely or the measures are improper, it may delay the best treatment opportunity and cause disability. Even because of the rapid progress of the disease, life-threatening 3.

Epilepsy is one of the oldest diseases in the world, commonly known as epilepsy or epilepsy. It is a kind of transient brain dysfunction, with repeated sudden attacks. Suddenly fainted during the attack, the whole body convulsed, and some people foamed. The incidence rate is high, second only to acute cerebrovascular disease. According to statistics, there are about 6 million people in China. Grand mal's current situation, if not treated in time, will die of life failure, leading to persistent brain damage.

Acupoint therapy is a new clinical treatment method in recent years. It is a new therapy developed and popularized by Dr. Zhang Zhaohan, Taiwan Province, and has been paid more and more attention by patients and clinicians. Primitive acupoint therapy holds that physical injury is the cause of disease symptoms, and the essence of physical injury is the dysfunction of tissues and organs. The whole body distribution of the original points has a strong regularity, and every symptom of the disease has a corresponding original pain point; Pressing the original point of warming meridians and supplementing warm drugs and food can repair the body damage, achieve the medical purpose by non-medical means, have obvious curative effect on many chronic diseases, and are also very fast and effective in the first aid of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and epilepsy.

From 20654381October +065438+20654381October-May 2065438+June 2006, Guangxi Guigang Origin Public Welfare Promotion Center collected a total of 6 cases of sudden heart attack, acute cerebrovascular disease and epilepsy 16, which are briefly described as follows.

I. Clinical data

16 cases, including 3 cases of acute cerebrovascular disease (all with a history of hypertension), 8 cases of epilepsy, and the remaining 5 cases were diagnosed as sudden heart attack (suspected cardiac arrest due to loss of consciousness) according to the original medical diagnosis. 1-8 minutes wake up. Among them, 15 cases had a good prognosis and no sequelae; 1 A patient with advanced cancer cachexia was comatose again 3 hours after emergency treatment, and his heartbeat and breathing stopped. He was judged to have run out of heat energy, so he only supplemented the heat source and did not push the first aid. The patient died safely. Strictly speaking, the origin first aid is set for emergency patients with sudden cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, not weak patients with chronic disease consumption. Therefore, if the patient with advanced cancer cachexia is excluded, the success rate of all 15 cases of students using the origin in this center is 100%.

This 16 case is all sudden before hospital (that is, at home or on the street). Most patients get sick in the street. The onlookers have no medical background and often panic, pushing and calling for patients with their hands, but there is no response. In most cases, it is ineffective for passers-by to press Renzhong, Hegu and Baihui points until they are handed over to volunteers or students who know the original points. A few patients directly use the original point to press and push. All the promoters have studied the basic theory and technology of origin. According to Dr. Zhang Zhaohan's principle of first aid at the origin, race against time to determine which part is the problem first, and then decide the order of pushing parts. Judging from facial expressions, those with facial expressions belong to head problems, such as acute cerebrovascular diseases or seizures. First press the original point on the head to supplement the physical strength of the heat source, and then press the original point on the back; If you are expressionless, it is a heart problem. Press the original point on the back first, and then press the original point on the head after the heat source is restored. Push the original point for 3 seconds at each point and go back and forth for two or three times, which is suitable for patients. When giving first aid, you usually push your back with your fist. It takes more than a minute to push the left side first and then the right side. It takes more than 3 minutes to push the original point of the head with the index finger method. 4 patients with sudden heart attack often wake up within 3 minutes, 1 patient wakes up within 4 hours; Acute cerebrovascular disease or seizure usually wakes up in 5-8 minutes. Because it is pre-hospital first aid, various factors at the scene make the first aid time longer. If the correct first aid procedure can be followed immediately in the same place, the patient will wake up in about 1-3 minutes, and the external heat source will be supplemented by hot compress after waking up. All patients feel tired after waking up, and most of them have no other special discomfort.

Pre-hospital first aid experience II

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a traditional first aid method for cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest, but it is not popular in China. There is no particularly good method for pre-hospital emergency treatment of acute cerebrovascular disease and epilepsy, so we can only keep the correct posture and airway unobstructed, and waiting for the arrival of an ambulance also delays the rescue opportunity.

Acute cerebrovascular disease and coronary heart disease are juxtaposed as two killers endangering the health and life of contemporary people, with the characteristics of high incidence, high recurrence rate, high disability rate, high mortality rate, low cure rate and "four highs and one low". According to the data of the World Health Organization, the incidence of cerebrovascular diseases in China is increasing at an annual rate of 8.7%, which is twice that of the United States. The mortality rate of cerebrovascular disease in China is 4-6 times that of myocardial infarction, and 3/4 patients lose their ability to live and work to varying degrees, which brings economic burden 10 times that of myocardial infarction, and brings more than 40 billion social and economic burden to China every year. three

Epilepsy is a chronic disease, which can last for several years or even decades, and has great influence on patients' physical, mental, marital, economic and social status.

Primitive acupoint therapy is to fundamentally regulate the body, mobilize people's self-healing ability and return the body to a healthy state. The original point first aid method is not aimed at the affected area often treated by traditional medicine, but at other places, that is, the original point 4, where the cause lies. For example, cardiopulmonary resuscitation presses the heart, and the original point therapy presses the original point corresponding to the heart, that is, the original point of the upper back; Acute cerebrovascular disease, especially hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease, usually requires absolute lying still, and the head is not allowed to move or shake. Theoretically, it is to avoid more bleeding or aggravate brain symptoms. The original point of all acute cerebrovascular diseases, whether hemorrhagic or ischemic, is the original point of pushing the head and moving the head. Facts have proved that the influence of head movement caused by this kind of pressing is negligible compared with the original acupoints that press the head to repair physical injuries. All the above cases were resuscitated in situ by pre-hospital first aid, and the heat energy was replenished in time. Generally, they recover as quickly as ordinary people. A few patients who were sent to hospital after being awakened by the origin first aid were in good health, which also proved that there was no sequelae in the origin first aid. Unfortunately, a group of cases with sudden heart attack and loss of consciousness in this study did not detect whether their heartbeat and breathing stopped before rescue. Although from the initial point of view, it can be judged that they have a sudden heart attack by pushing their backs and waking up immediately, it is not enough to judge whether their hearts have stopped beating.

The origin first aid method is simple to judge and operate, and has no adverse reactions and toxic side effects, no medical waste, safety and environmental protection, high efficiency, strong repeatability, wide application range and high patient satisfaction. From theory to practice, it has been proved that it has a good curative effect on sudden heart disease, and it is also effective for the rescue of acute cerebrovascular disease and epilepsy without effective pre-hospital emergency measures. The first aid can be carried out immediately, without choosing time, place and equipment, and it is simple, safe, effective and has no sequelae, so it is worth popularizing and applying in clinic and folk.

Experience of pre-hospital first aid 3

I am very happy and honored to learn about the Red Cross and emergency rescue with you. Study time is good, and good time is the fastest. Seven days slipped away so quietly, and in a blink of an eye, it was very sad. I have gained a lot in just seven days. Here, I sincerely thank the Provincial Red Cross Society and the Municipal Red Cross Society for their meticulous organization, the teachers for their wonderful lectures, and the students for their selfless help and sincere friendship! Although the training time is not long, the learning content is rich, the focus is prominent, the pertinence is strong, the activity rhythm is tense and full and enjoyable, and the time is short but the harvest is long. To sum up, it is mainly "four ones":

1, made a group of good friends.

We come from different places, but the same cause makes us have the same goal. These days we live together, learn from each other, help each other, learn from each other and make progress together. They not only enhanced mutual understanding and friendship, but also exchanged ideas and gains. Especially in group activities and practical activities, everyone actively spoke freely, which stimulated thinking, broadened horizons and inspired ideas, and achieved the goal of * * * making progress * * *.

2. Learned a good skill.

Life is so beautiful, but accidents always come unexpectedly. If you don't want it to happen, it is always waiting for an opportunity. In order to popularize and master emergency rescue skills, it has become my strong desire to learn emergency rescue knowledge after coming to work in the Red Cross. The Red Cross Society in this city has provided us with an unforgettable and precious learning opportunity, which I cherish all the more. From the beginning of class, theoretical teaching, outward bound training and practical operation, I have studied hard and made notes in every class for fear of missing what the teacher taught me. Make full use of spare time, organize Luotian students to consult their classmates and guide them to practice practical skills; At the same time, students are required to use what they have learned to prepare their own trial courseware. After seven days of training and study, Luotian's students have mastered the emergency rescue skills, performed well and passed the customs brilliantly.

3. Show a spirit.

During the study period, the leaders of the Municipal Red Cross, represented by President Qi, set an example, actively participated in various activities and played a leading role. It is precisely because the leaders set an example that they inspired the students' learning motivation and passion. In the study, activities and practice, the students are enthusiastic, United and cooperative, * * * challenging and * * enterprising, which fully embodies the spirit of unity, hard work and enterprising of the Red Cross, especially the team spirit.

4. A signal light is lit.

Luotian is a poverty-stricken county, a mountainous county, a reservoir county and a natural disaster-prone area. How to deal with sudden disasters and how to popularize emergency rescue knowledge and skills is particularly important. This study left a deep impression on us both in theoretical thinking and practical operation, which not only helped us master solid skills, but also taught us how to teach, how to manage teachers, how to carry out ambulance service and popularize health knowledge. It can be said that it points out the direction for us to popularize emergency rescue training in the future. It rained in time and lit a beacon light.

It is time to set sail. There is no higher cause than saving lives. As Red Cross workers and volunteers, it is our unshirkable duty to learn, publicize, practice, popularize and spread the knowledge of emergency rescue, with the aim of enabling more accident patients to be successfully rescued and more people to become guardians of life. Practice is the classroom, and we will take this training activity as a new starting point. Do not forget your initiative mind will earnestly shoulder the responsibility of the times, work hard, create a new situation, turn Mr. Luo Tian into a star, spread the knowledge of emergency rescue to thousands of families, and truly let "rescue" be around you and me.

Experience of pre-hospital first aid 4

Diseases and accidents are the last things people want to encounter in life, but we are not sure when they will come. In life, we will inevitably encounter some critical situations, even death. So what can we do and how can we help others before being sent to the hospital? This requires us to learn pre-hospital first aid knowledge.

Today, I was fortunate to participate in the "Popularization of First Aid Skills for All" activity of Zhengzhou Emergency Medical Rescue Center. This training was given to us by the teacher of the Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center of the Third People's Hospital of Henan Province. Let me deeply realize the importance of knowing first aid and the necessity of learning first aid knowledge.

All the students present took an active part in the teacher's teaching. Everyone learns first aid. First aid is aimed at everyone, different students and the same purpose. First aid methods in different situations have benefited us a lot, and the concept of first aid has penetrated into each of us. I need to remember not only my mind, but also my body, so that first aid knowledge can become our innate survival skill.

In the process of learning, we use simulated people to conduct on-site drills, so that we can have a deeper understanding of how to implement the correct first aid methods. Experienced teachers teach us the steps and key points of first aid skills step by step, so that we can learn effective first aid methods quickly.

In the afternoon, the training instructor taught the treatment of acute and severe diseases, explained the on-site bandaging, had different bandaging methods for different injured parts, also taught some bandaging in emergency situations, and called a classmate to perform on stage, so that we could further understand all aspects of bandaging knowledge. We ended the first aid knowledge training with applause and started the actual combat drill.

Things that were originally thought to be easy will be messy in practice. When we do practical operations, we always forget many things and are in a hurry, so we must learn to be calm in case of emergency. It is important to learn to keep calm under pressure.

In a word, this training has gained a lot. I think this training has made me understand what to do in the face of emergencies. Once this happens, I will know what to do to treat the patient better.

If everyone takes action, the world will become a better place. I will stick to it and influence more people around me to actively participate in the popularization of national first aid skills. I will work together with all medical staff and volunteers.

Pre-hospital first aid experience 5

As a graduate student of materials science, experimental danger is a very difficult problem. Mastering safety knowledge and procedures and learning emergency rescue methods are the master keys of self-help and rescue. Therefore, as a part of commemorating the May 4th Movement, the Youth League branch organized us to participate in the first aid training of University of Science and Technology Beijing.

Before first aid, four things must be done when entering the scene: evaluating the scene, ensuring safety, calling for help in an emergency and implementing first aid. In the process of rescue, we should adhere to the principle of "saving lives first". Also remember that "first aid does not pant, massive bleeding takes priority, and chest cavity leaks!" We need courage and wisdom to race against life. Only by correctly grasping the "golden four minutes" can we save more precious lives!

First of all, the teacher taught us the relevant knowledge of dressing, and gave us a detailed introduction on how to dress the wound with bandages and how to hang the injured arm with triangular hanging bags and large hanging bags.

In addition, the doctor mainly introduced five skills of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and trauma rescue to us. Basic operating procedures of cardiopulmonary resuscitation:

① Judgment consciousness; (2) Shouting for help;

③ Changing body position; (4) removing foreign bodies;

⑤ Open the airway; ⑥ judge breathing;

⑦ Blowing mouth to mouth; 8 inspection cycle;

Pet-name ruby search site (infrasternum1/2);

Attending chest compressions: every two breaths, press the chest for 30 times, and operate circularly until breathing and heartbeat recover.

Finally, in the afternoon of two days, the training doctor guided us to carry out the practical training of dressing change and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Through the teacher's guidance, we have a deep understanding of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and dressing, and basically mastered a little rescue technology.

This training is a good opportunity for us, which gives us a certain understanding of emergency rescue and makes us full of admiration for doctors. Emergency rescue is a race against time, but it takes only a few minutes to decide whether a life disappears or not. We can't give up this tiny opportunity.

Thank you for providing such training opportunities. What I learned in this class is not only important first aid knowledge, but also makes me realize the fragility and solemnity of life. It also makes me cherish my life now, and I hope I can help more people through what I have learned in the future.