What are some of the famous ancient Chinese Taoists?

1, Laozi, surnamed Li Er, word Dan, a word Bo Yang, or posthumous Bo Yang. Late Spring and Autumn period people, birth and death years are not known, born in the Zhou Dynasty during the Spring and Autumn period Chen (later into the Chu) country bitter county (the name of the ancient county). Ancient Chinese thinker, philosopher, writer and historian, founder and main representative of the Taoist school.

Lao Zi is a world cultural celebrity, one of the world's 100 most famous people in history, and is known as Laozhuang together with Zhuangzi. In Taoism, Laozi is honored as the founder of Taoism and called "Taishang Laojun". In the Tang Dynasty, Laozi was posthumously recognized as the founder of the Li family name.

Lao Zi's surviving works include the Tao Te Ching (also known as Lao Tzu), one of the world's most widely published works in written form.

According to UNESCO statistics in the 1980s, among the world's cultural masterpieces, the Bible was the most widely published work translated into foreign languages, followed by the Tao Te Ching.

2. Wenzi, surnamed Xin, numbered Ji Ran. During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, he was a philosopher, writer, educator and thinker. Born and died unknown, is the Taoist ancestor, and Confucius at the same time, is the author of the book "Wenzi", Wenzi thought Shang Yang . He often traveled in the sea, and was honored as a teacher by Fan Li, a Vietnamese doctor, who taught him the Seven Strategies. Fan Li was honored as a teacher by the Vietnamese doctor Fan Li, who taught him seven plans, and he used five of them to destroy Wu.

The Han Book of Arts and Letters recorded nine articles of Wenzi in the Taoist category, and Ban Gu noted under the article, "Disciple of Laozi, at the same time as Confucius." Wenzi studied Taoism and then learned nothing and traveled to Chu.

Bai Gongsheng, the grandson of King Ping of Chu, once asked him about his "micro-phrases". Later, he traveled to the state of Qi, Peng Meng, Tian Pian, Shen to, Huan Yuan, etc., all masters, the land of the three Jin Wenzi school and Qi Huanglao school **** with the formation of the northern Taoism. The text of "Wenzi - Shangde" has obvious characteristics of the "Yi" school. The interpretation of Yi in the Shangde is a development of the same line of thought as the Tuan and Xiang ?

3. Lie Zi (ca. 450 BC - 375 BC, i.e., during the Warring States period, at the age of 75) was a representative figure of Taoism in the early Warring States period. His name was Kou, also known as Yikou ("Liezi" is the honorific title for him), a Chinese ethnicity, a native of Putian (present-day Zhengzhou City, Henan Province) in Zhengzhou State during the Zhou Dynasty, and a descendant of the ancient emperor Lieshan. He was one of the ten great men of the pre-Qin world, a famous Taoist scholar, thinker, philosopher and writer. thinker, philosopher, writer and educator.

Lie Zi, a thinker in the early Warring States period, was another representative figure of Taoist thought in addition to Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, at the same time as Zheng Mu Gong. His studies were based on the Yellow Emperor Laozi, and he advocated tranquility and inaction. Later Han Ban Gu's "Art and Literature" recorded eight volumes of "Liezi" in the "Taoism" section. Liezi, also known as the "Chunxu Jing" (compiled between 450 and 375 BC), is an important text in Taoism. Han book "art and literature" recorded "Liezi" eight volumes, early anonymous.

4. Zhuang Zi was a thinker, philosopher and writer in the middle of the Warring States period. Surname Zhuang, first name Zhou, the word Zi Xiu (also said Zi Mu), the Song State Meng people , ancestor is the Song State monarch Song Dai Gong. He founded the important Chinese philosophical school of Zhuang, and was a representative of the Taoist school of thought during the Warring States period, following Laozi. Along with Laozi, he was known as Lao Zhuang.

Chuang Zi should not have been hired by King Wei of Chu because he advocated freedom, and in his life he only worked as a lacquer garden official in the place of Song. He was known as the "Proud Official of the Lacquer Garden", and was regarded as a model for local officials. Zhuang Zi first put forward the idea of "internal saint and external king" has a profound influence on Confucianism, Zhuang Zi insight into the theory of Yi, profoundly pointed out that "Yi" to the road of yin and yang.

Chuang Zi's idea of "Three Lai" was in line with the I Ching's Three Talents. His representative work is "Zhuangzi", of which the famous articles include "Easy Travel" and "The Theory of Things".

5, Huang Di (2717 BC - 2599 BC): the ancient Chinese tribal alliance leader, the Chinese ancient times of the Chinese nation **** Lord. The first of the five emperors. Honored as China's "humanities first ancestor". It is said that he is the son of Shaodian and attached to the treasure, the original surname Gongsun, later changed the surname Ji, so called Ji Xuanyuan. Dwelling in the hill of Xuanyuan, the number of Xuanyuan, built the capital in the bear, also known as the bear. Some people also call it "Dihong's".

History says that the Yellow Emperor was called the Yellow Emperor because of his earthly virtue. Yellow Emperor to unify the Chinese tribes and the conquest of the East Barbarians, the Jiu Li tribe and the unification of China's great achievements in history. During his reign, the Yellow Emperor sowed hundreds of grains and grasses, vigorously develop production, the beginning of the production of clothing, building boats and vehicles, the production of music and rhythm, the creation of medicine, and so on.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Taoism