How to start a business in rural areas

How to start a business in rural areas

Entrepreneurship is a kind of behavior that requires entrepreneurs and their business partners to organize and manage, and use services, technologies and utensils to think, reason and judge. The following are my carefully organized rural entrepreneurship methods. Welcome to share.

At present, with the development of market economy and the adjustment of agricultural structure, the cultivated land area is decreasing year by year and the rural surplus labor force is increasing day by day. In order to accurately understand the employment situation of local rural female labor force, Jiangkou Street Women's Federation conducted an investigation and interview on the employment situation of women in 52 administrative villages under its jurisdiction.

First, the current situation of women's entrepreneurship and employment

At present, there are 20,806 rural laborers in Jiangkou Street, including female laborers13,737. According to incomplete statistics, 5,000 rural female laborers have been transferred through various channels, and more than 4,000 surplus laborers have remained in rural areas, which is not only a great waste of labor resources, but also detrimental to women's progress, rural stability and economic development. After investigation, individual women, migrant women and left-behind women have the following characteristics:

1. The main characteristics of rural self-employed women are as follows: First, the success rate of rural women's entrepreneurship is low, with an average of about 3 to 4 women in each village. Second, most women who succeed in starting a business have high cultural quality and strong sense of innovation. Third, successful women have strong anti-risk ability and firm belief. Fourth, successful women pay attention to ordinary accumulation, with long-term vision, full preparation, unique thinking and strong desire for innovation.

2. The main characteristics of rural migrant women: First, from the age structure, more than 90% of migrant women are between 16-45 years old; Second, in terms of academic qualifications, the vast majority of migrant women are above junior high school; Third, in the distribution of work places, most women work in Ningbo, Fenghua and other places; Fourth, regarding the types of migrant workers, more than 665,438+0% women work in factories and workshops such as textiles, clothing, toys and electronics, about 65,438+03% women work in supermarkets, hotel services, catering services and other industries, and about 65,438+00% women work in domestic service; Fifth, in terms of the income of migrant workers, the annual income of migrant workers is mostly around 8,000-30,000 yuan, and about 25% of women earn more than 20,000 yuan.

3. The main characteristics of left-behind women in rural areas are as follows: first, from the age structure, most of them are over 35 years old, and a small number of left-behind women aged 20-35 have not gone out to work for the time being because of giving birth and caring for children; Second, in terms of education level, most left-behind women have a low education level. Among them, more than 65% have primary school education or below; Third, in terms of professional expertise, I have basically not participated in vocational and technical training and have no technical expertise; Fourth, the reason for staying at home is that people don't want to go out and their families don't support it. This is a subjective factor, while the need to do housework and participate in agricultural production is an objective factor.

Second, the analysis of factors restricting women's entrepreneurial innovation

From the above survey results, we can easily see that the main factors restricting the transfer of rural female labor force are:

(1) objective reason: 1. The bottleneck of funds restricts women's entrepreneurship. Although some women are full of entrepreneurial enthusiasm, some projects have to be abandoned because they cannot raise the required funds; Some entrepreneurial women spend most of their energy on raising funds, so it is difficult to invest in enterprise management, let alone have the energy and ability to engage in technological transformation and expand reproduction; Due to the social prejudice of different credit between men and women and poor capital operation ability of women, entrepreneurial women also have difficulties in private lending; At present, the government has issued preferential policies to solve the problem of financing difficulties for small and medium-sized enterprises. However, it is difficult to meet the requirements of loan mortgage because the enterprises founded by women are generally small in scale and have few fixed assets. If a woman wants to develop aquaculture and suffers from lack of funds, she has to find a street women's Federation, and finally the women's Federation personally comes forward to guarantee the money.

2. Poor information and channels affect rural women's entrepreneurial innovation. Rural women have little contact with the outside world and little information. Many people want to start a business but don't know what to do or what to do. In the survey, we learned that there are three main ways for rural women to innovate and start businesses: first, relying on the recommendation of relatives and friends, second, blindly searching, and third, relying on the recommendation of women's federations or the introduction of labor departments. Although the government has done some work for women's entrepreneurial innovation, and women's federations at all levels have also helped them find entrepreneurial opportunities, the entrepreneurial innovation work of relevant departments lacks systematicness and continuity, with little effect.

3. The atmosphere of entrepreneurial innovation is not strong. In the investigation, we deeply feel that local governments, departments and enterprises have a weak sense of urgency and atmosphere to accelerate independent innovation, and they do not pay enough attention to independent innovation in decision-making and deployment and specific work, with little strength, few methods and weak joint efforts. The understanding of the connotation of independent innovation is relatively narrow, and insufficient attention is paid to the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship system; Some people don't know enough about the role of entrepreneurial innovation in economic development, and don't pay enough attention to the introduction and investment of intangible elements such as entrepreneurial innovation; Some have the idea that "attracting investment is to circle money, and innovative investment is to spend money", and the allocation measures of innovative resource elements are not in place.

(2) Subjective reasons:

1, backward employment concept is still the primary factor restricting rural entrepreneurial innovation. Rural women are basically not interested in entrepreneurial innovation, and most people think that they have no education, no skills and nothing to do. More than half of rural women are "guaranteed if they have money", and some even have the negative and backward concept of "just having food, so why go out to suffer". Most rural women's husbands are also reluctant to let their wives go out to work. In terms of regional employment intention, most people choose local short-term employment, and the traditional concept of "leaving their hometown" is more serious, lacking the awareness of entrepreneurship and innovation. The traditional social division of labor makes entrepreneurial women still take the heavy family burden as their due responsibility, and bear the family responsibility of supporting the elderly and educating their children. Female entrepreneurship is often stereotyped as a "strong woman" or regarded as a "restless woman" by society. Psychological weakness has become the biggest psychological obstacle for women to start a business. However, their own age, culture and skills do not meet the requirements of entrepreneurial innovation, and it is difficult to integrate into the urban market, which hinders their entrepreneurial innovation.

2. Poor education and lack of labor skills restrict rural women's entrepreneurial innovation. Rural women generally have the characteristics of low education, no entrepreneurial training and lack of entrepreneurial knowledge, which seriously restricts their level and field of entrepreneurial innovation. At present, rural women's education level above junior high school belongs to the group with relatively low age and relatively high education level, but even so, their education level and labor skills are still difficult to meet the needs of modern economic mechanization, knowledge and information development. Even after short-term training, some people still can't reach the level of entrepreneurship. They can only concentrate on labor-intensive industries such as clothing, shoemaking and toy processing, engage in low-level and labor-intensive jobs, or engage in tertiary industries such as catering and entertainment. Entrepreneurial innovation needs women's cultural quality and labor skills, which seriously hinders the process of rural women's entrepreneurial innovation.

3. Lack of learning ability. Influenced by many factors, such as narrow knowledge, insufficient skills training and lack of attention to the training of thinking methods, many rural women lack innovative spirit and ability. Although most women are not satisfied with their learning ability, they often just complain and sigh, lacking confidence in themselves and strong determination to improve their learning ability. Therefore, we urgently need to closely combine the actual characteristics of modern rural women, build a capacity training system suitable for them, strengthen the cultivation of women's learning ability, and meet the challenges of the times.

In addition, because of gender restrictions, women are generally less popular in entrepreneurship than men. Most women don't like socializing by nature, and their social circle is limited. At the same time, women's entrepreneurship is also facing age pressure and physiological problems. Without enough energy, unhappy marriage will also have a great impact on their careers.

Third, suggestions on the current rural women's entrepreneurial innovation work

Doing a good job in rural women's entrepreneurship and innovation is an important way to serve rural women, promote their development and increase farmers' income under the new situation. How to solve the problem of women's entrepreneurship and let women really play the role of "half the sky"?

1. Actively build a publicity platform to provide public opinion support for rural women's entrepreneurial innovation. Conservative thinking is the primary obstacle to rural women's entrepreneurial innovation. Therefore, women's federations and relevant departments are vigorously promoting the success stories of women's entrepreneurial innovation, mobilizing and stimulating the enthusiasm of women's entrepreneurial innovation, and educating and guiding rural women to change their employment concepts according to their psychological concerns, and gradually establishing their confidence in entrepreneurial innovation, confidence and courage to accept challenges. In recent years, Jiangkou Street Women's Federation has made great efforts to cultivate a group of leading and influential women entrepreneurs. A women's association of rural enterprises with female leaders from rural areas and enterprises as members has been established, and a platform of mutual assistance, mutual benefit and mutual benefit has been established. The "Double Learning and Double Comparison" demonstration base of modern agricultural demonstration park has developed more than 4,000 mu of high-tech agriculture, employing more than 50 rural women and poor women/kloc-0, and increasing the per capita income of farmers who directly grow vegetables for the base by more than 5,000 yuan. In 2006, the base was rated as "Ningbo Women's Entrepreneurship Demonstration Base". Driven by typical demonstrations, a group of women embarked on the road of entrepreneurship.

2. Strengthen training to effectively improve women's entrepreneurial skills. Give full play to the role of functional departments, rely on enterprises, vocational and technical schools and rural distance education networks, establish a three-level training network at the city, township and village levels, and the Women's Federation will take the lead in jointly organizing labor, industry and commerce, education and other departments to set up targeted knowledge training courses, and take the forms of cooperative education and joint classes to train women in employment and entrepreneurship. Practice has proved that in the face of increasingly fierce competition, only by strengthening training, vigorously improving the comprehensive quality and skill level of rural women and transforming them from simple labor to skilled talents can we lay a solid foundation for entrepreneurial innovation.

3. Establish venture capital or fund. Raise funds, set up venture capital or funds, provide certain risk protection for women's entrepreneurial innovation, make use of radio, television, newspapers and other media, vigorously publicize preferential policies for entrepreneurship, and provide women with entrepreneurial policy consulting services. At the same time, we will give more support to female entrepreneurs in entrepreneurship guidance, credit support, concept change, public opinion guidance and housework socialization, and strive to build a platform for women's entrepreneurship and re-employment.

4. Typical leading, step by step, to ensure the success rate of entrepreneurship. Through the investigation, it is found that not most rural women are suitable for innovation and entrepreneurship, so all women cannot be encouraged to rush to start businesses. We should try our best to avoid economic risks, selectively encourage and train some elite women to take the lead in entrepreneurship and innovation, enlarge and strengthen a number of enterprise industries, drive most women to obtain employment, and promote economic development and social harmony. Only by supporting and encouraging some female elites who are prepared, capable and risk-resistant, can they develop first, and through long-term guidance and education demonstration, can they enhance the innovative and entrepreneurial ability of a group of women. In the end, it will inject new vitality into the poverty alleviation of peasant families and rural economic development, and also play an active role in the increasingly equal family and social status of women.

Entrepreneurial projects:

Bookstore: With the improvement of farmers' living standards and the deepening of rural spiritual civilization construction, farmers began to pursue good spiritual food books, which are the best media for farmers to absorb spiritual food. Moreover, with the development of promoting agriculture through science and technology, the market of scientific and technological books in rural areas has increased dramatically. At the same time, a large number of young farmers are eager to improve their cultural quality and knowledge level, and they have consulted various skill tests one after another, thus creating an examination book market in rural areas. Therefore, opening a bookstore in a country with a large population or convenient transportation is like building a "golden house" in the book market.

2. Sewing shop: Now there is no sewing machine in the dowry of rural brides. Sewing work, xxx in rural areas, XX in cities-are all unskilled. So many farmers are worried about clothes with broken zippers, cracked mouths and buttons. Even rural women who can sew would rather spend a little money to save trouble. In addition, there is a lack of clothing for the elderly in the market at present, and there are few clothes on the market that can make the rural elderly wear comfortably. Therefore, if the shopkeeper still has tailoring skills, the business of the sewing shop will definitely be good.

3. Motorcycle repair shop: Motorcycles have become one of the three major commodities in rural areas. However, due to poor road conditions in rural areas, there are many motorcycle failures and great losses? Therefore, the frequency of replacing parts and sending them for repair is high. At present, there are no motorcycle repair shops in many villages, so it is very inconvenient for farmers to repair their motorcycles in the town when they are broken. Therefore, it is natural to open a motorcycle repair shop. However, the location of repair shops in rural areas is very important. Generally speaking, you should choose a village with many motorcycles or the center of several neighboring villages in order to occupy enough markets.

4. Country-style restaurants: In urban-rural fringe areas, you can also make money by opening local restaurants and introducing local dishes. First, it can attract urban diners. Now people in the city are tired of eating restaurant food, but they want to try local food, especially grass root soup, which is called medicinal diet in rural areas. The second is to attract rural hospitality meals. Now farmers are also particular about entertaining guests. For important guests, they usually find a restaurant to arrange some good meals. And affordable, close to the flavor shop is the first choice for farmers to entertain.

5. Clothing store: I have several customers who specialize in mobile vendors. They use trucks to pull all kinds of goods in stock, including clothes and trousers, and sell them in the market. Generally speaking, they sell very cheaply. A pair of trousers in 35 yuan and a cotton T-shirt in 5 yuan are openly sold in the market street. Because of their advantages in quality and price, they will win the favor of many buyers. Now that winter is coming, it is time to sell autumn and winter sweaters in the north. Besides, generally speaking, the third month of the year is the best time to sell clothes, so we choose to sell clothes in winter. The rural people's habit of Chinese New Year will buy some new clothes for themselves anyway, especially the children's wear sales at the end of the year. In addition, in the real north, sweaters can be worn from September to May Day of the following year. Therefore, the sales cycle is relatively long, and it is sold in rural areas. Choosing clothes that adapt to the season can better occupy the market, so ensuring good supply will guarantee profits.

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