What are the main forms of ancient Chinese architecture?

1, arch

Relative to the Western ancient architecture of masonry system, Chinese ancient architecture is an independent institutional system.

Archives are the most special components of Chinese wooden frame construction. Doo is a bucket-shaped cushion wood block, the arch is a bow-shaped short wood, they are crisscrossed layer by layer superimposed into a group of large under the small bracket, placed in the column head to support the load of the beams and eave to the outside of the pick out of the eaves.

To the Tang and Song, the arch development to the peak, from the simple pads and eave components developed into a link between the Liang Fang placed on the column network above a circle of "well" lattice-shaped composite beam.

2, monolithic modeling

Ancient Chinese architectural monoliths can be roughly divided into three parts: the foundation of the house, the body of the house, the roof. All important buildings are built on the base of the pedestal foundation, generally one-story foundation, large halls such as Beijing Ming and Qing Dynasty Imperial Palace Taihe Temple, built on a tall triple pedestal.

3, landscape garden

An important feature of classical Chinese gardens is that there is a mood, it is the same as classical Chinese poetry, painting, music, the emphasis on writing. Landscape gardeners use landscape, rocks and gullies, flowers, trees and buildings to express a certain artistic realm, so classical Chinese gardens are known as landscaped gardens.

4, wood frame-based

Ancient Chinese architecture used wood frame as the load-bearing structure of the house. Wooden beams and columns system in the Spring and Autumn period before the Western Yuan Dynasty has been initially completed and widely used, to the Han Dynasty, the development of a more mature. Wooden structure can be roughly divided into lifting beams, through the bucket type, well dry type, to lift the beam type is most commonly used.

Lifting beam structure is along the depth of the house in the base of the columns on the columns, columns on the beams, beams overlap several layers of melon columns and beams, and then in the uppermost beams on the spine of the melon columns, composed of a set of roof frame.

5, decoration and decoration

Ancient Chinese architecture for the decoration, decoration, where all the building parts or components, are to beautify the image chosen, the color of the parts and components due to the nature of different and different.

Expanded Information:

Chinese Ancient Architecture in Chinese and Foreign Exchanges

In the Chinese ancient times, especially since the two Jin dynasties and the northern and southern dynasties, there have been a lot of Chinese and foreign exchanges.

In the ancient times of China, especially since the two Jin Dynasty and the Northern and Southern Dynasties, there have been extensive exchanges of architectural technology and architectural art with neighboring countries from the East and the West, which injected new blood into ancient Chinese architecture and gave rise to a number of new types of buildings, such as grotto temples and Buddhist pagodas.

At the same time, Chinese architecture also had a profound influence on the architecture of neighboring countries.

As early as the third century A.D., cave statues originating in India were introduced to the Kucha and Baicheng areas in the southern foothills of the Tianshan Mountains in western China by the Dayuezhi Kingdom around Kashmir and Afghanistan, and then continued to spread eastward.

Sixteen Kingdoms period, in Gansu Dunhuang first cut Mogao Caves. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Mogao Grottoes were first excavated in Dunhuang, Gansu Province. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Mogao Grottoes spread eastward into the Yellow River Basin, and the Yungang Grottoes were excavated in Datong, Shanxi Province, the Binglingsi Grottoes in Yongjing, Gansu Province, the Maizishan Grottoes in Tianshui, and the Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan Province.

Beiqi excavated Shanxi Taiyuan Tianlongshan Grottoes, as well as Hebei Handan, South and North Rangtangshan Grottoes, and so on. These grottoes continued to be excavated and extended southward into the Sui and Tang dynasties. The stupa is also a kind of architecture transmitted from India, and some ancient Chinese pagodas are mostly transplanted from India, such as the Lama Pagoda and the Vajra Throne Pagoda.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Ancient Chinese Architecture