Two questions. 1. how do you think about poetry. 2. write some information about the culture of poetry

Poetry is a literary genre of the main feelings, it is lyrical, highly condensed, concentrated to reflect the social life, with rich imagination, rich rhythm, rhyme, beautiful language and the form of the arrangement of lines to express thoughts and feelings.

Overview of Poetry

The classification of poetry is a complex issue. Now, only on the general view, briefly talk about the poetic style of the Han, Wei, Six Dynasties and Tang and Song dynasties.

The poems of the Han, Wei, and Sixth Dynasties are generally called ancient poems, which include the ancient rhetoric of the Han and Wei Lefu, the folk songs of the North and South Dynasties Lefu, and the poems of the literati of this period. Lefu was originally the name of an official office. Lefu song lyrics were collected by the Lefu organs and set to music for it to be sung. The chapter "Wenxin Diao Long - Lefu" says: "All music words are said to be poems, and the sound of poems is said to be songs." From this we can see the relationship between the three concepts of poetry, song and music: poetry refers to the poet's song, song refers to the music that goes with the poem, and music refers to both. Later on, the works written with the old music or imitating the music genre, though without music, were also called music. In the Middle Tang Dynasty, Bai Juyi and others started a new music movement, creating new themes and writing about current events, and thus called it new music.

Poetry after the Tang Dynasty can be roughly divided into two categories: proximity poetry and ancient poetry in terms of meter. The modern style poems are also called modern style poems, and they have a certain meter. Ancient style poems are generally called ancient style, which are written according to the ancient style of poetry, and the form is relatively free from the constraints of the meter.

From the point of view of the number of words in a verse, there are the so-called quatrains, pentameter and heptameter. Quatrains are four-character stanzas, pentameter is five-character stanzas, and heptameter is seven-character stanzas. After the Tang Dynasty, quatrains were rare, so they were usually divided into only two categories: pentameter and heptameter. Five-character poems are abbreviated as wugu; seven-character poems are abbreviated as qigu; and those in which three, five, or seven characters are used in combination are generally counted as qigu. The pentameter poems are called pentameter for short, and are limited to eight lines of forty characters; the heptameter poems are called heptameter for short, and are limited to eight lines of fifty-six characters. Those with more than eight stanzas are called long stanzas. Long stanzas are usually pentameter. Only four lines are called stanzas; five stanzas*** twenty words, seven stanzas*** twenty-eight words. The stanzas can be categorized into two types, the metrical stanzas and the ancient stanzas. The "Lujie" is subject to the limitations of the level and oblique meter, while the "Gujie" is never subject to the limitations of the level and oblique meter. The ancient absolute is generally limited to the five absolute.

The name "Modern Poetry" was first used in 1953, when Jixin founded the Modern Poetry Society. Meaning of Modern Poetry:

1. Form is free

2. Connotation is open

3. Imagery is more important than rhetoric.

Comparison of "classical poetry" and "modern poetry": "Poetry" is a reflection of the mind, which is composed by feeling things. "Classical poetry is based on the poetic concept of "thinking without evil", expressing gentleness and sincerity, mourning without resentment, and emphasizing "between the solvable and the insolvable". "Modern poetry emphasizes the spirit of freedom and openness, and communicates "between the palpable and the impalpable" through frank statements of situation.

Poetry has the following main parts:

(1) The Origin of Poetry

Poetry is the oldest and most literary style. Originating from the labor trumpets and folk songs of ancient people, it was originally a general term for poetry and song. In the beginning, there was no distinction between poetry and song. Poetry was combined with music and dance, and collectively called poetry. Chinese poetry has a long history and rich heritage, such as, "The Book of Songs", "Chu Ci" and "Han Lefu" as well as the works of countless poets. Poetry in Western Europe was initiated by poets such as Homer and Sappho in ancient Greece and Vergil and Horace in ancient Rome.

(2) Characteristics of Poetry

Poetry is a genre of literature that reflects the social life in a highly concentrated way, it is full of the author's thoughts and feelings and rich imagination, the language is condensed and strong figurative, with distinctive rhythms, harmonious rhythms and rich in musical beauty, the phrases are generally arranged in rows and pay attention to the beauty of the structural form.

China's modern poet and literary critic He Qifang once said: "Poetry is a literary style that reflects social life in the most concentrated way, it is full of rich imagination and feelings, often expressed in a direct lyrical way, and in the degree of refinement and harmony, especially in the distinctive rhythms, its language is different from the language of prose. " This defining statement summarizes several basic features of poetry: first, highly concentrated and generalized reflection of life; second, lyrical expression, full of rich thoughts and feelings; third, rich imagination, association and fantasy; fourth, language with musical beauty.

(C) Poetic expression

Poetry has many methods of expression, the earliest popular in our country and still often used

The traditional expression of "fugue, than, rise". Mao Poetry Preface" said: "Therefore, the poem has six meanings: one is said to be wind, two is said to be fugue, three is said to be more than, four is said to be Xing, five is said to be elegant, and six is said to be an ode."

The "six meanings" in the "wind, elegance, ode" refers to the "poetry" of the types of poetry, "fugue, than, Xing" is the poem in the expression.

Fu: It is an expressive method of stating things directly. Zhu Xi, a scholar of the Song Dynasty, said in his commentary on "Poetry Collection Biography", "Fugue is the direct statement of the matter in which the matter is presented." For example, "Ge Qin" and "Personality" in the Classic of Poetry use this technique.

Bi: It is the use of metaphor to depict things and express thoughts and feelings. Liu Innocence in the "Wenxin Diao Long - than Xing" said: "and what is called for than also? Cover write things to attach meaning, Yang speech to cut things also." Zhu Xi said: "than, to the other thing than this thing also." For example, "katydids" and "rats" in the Book of Songs are written in this way.

1.I think poetry is the most beautiful sentence, he conveys the poet's imagination, and also gives the reader endless imagination.

2The Culture of Chinese Poetry is the first theoretical monograph devoted to the study of poetry from a cultural point of view. You can go and read this book.

Poetry is the epitome of something beautiful

No matter

happy

plain

sad

More than a beautiful little wave in life

She has been the most sought after kind of art for thousands of years

And a witness to history

Traces of times

There are also traces of history

.

It can be found in poetry

Poetry

has also followed the development of the times

From ancient to modern poetry

the format has changed a lot

but it expresses the same sentiments in people's hearts

Chinese poetry came into being before the invention of writing, and it was formed and developed gradually in people's labor, songs and dances. It was gradually formed and developed through people's labor, songs and dances.

The Book of Songs is a collection of poems from the 11th century BC to the 6th century BC, which is also the first collection of poems in China. 305 poems are written in the Book of Songs, divided into three categories, namely, "Wind", "Grace" and "Ode", according to the music. It is also the first collection of Chinese poetry. The "Ode" poems are the music songs for the rulers' sacrifices, including those to ancestors, to the heaven, earth, mountains and rivers, and to the gods of agriculture. The "elegance" poems were divided into "Daya" and "Xiaoya", both of which were used for banquets and ceremonies, and their contents were mainly praises to the heroes of the past and satirical comments on the politics of the present. The "Winds" are the essence of the "Book of Songs," which includes folk songs from 15 localities.

In the 4th century B.C., the Warring States period, the state of Chu, with its own unique cultural foundation and the influence of northern cultures, gave birth to the great poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan, as well as Song Yu and others who were y influenced by him, created a new poetic form of Zao Chu Rhetoric. Qu Yuan's Li Sao is an outstanding masterpiece of Chu Rhetoric.

Chu Rhetoric developed the form of poetry. It broke the four-word form of the Book of Songs and developed from three or four words to five or seven words. In terms of creative method, Ch'u Ch'i absorbed the romanticism of myths and opened the way for the creation of romanticism in Chinese literature.

After the Poetry Classic and the Chu Rhetoric, a new form of poetry appeared in the Han Dynasty, namely, the Han Lefu Folk Songs. There are more than 100 Han Lefu folk songs that have been handed down to the present day***, many of which were written in the form of five lines, which were later intentionally imitated by the literati and became the main form of poetry in the Wei and Jin Dynasties.

Pentameter poetry is the main form of classical Chinese poetry, which has passed a long time from folk songs to literati writing, and by the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, literati pentameter poetry was becoming mature. The symbol of the maturity of pentameter poetry was the appearance of Nineteen Ancient Poems. Nineteen Poems of Ancient Poetry is not the work of one person at a time. The content of the poems is mostly about separation, lovesickness, and feelings about the shortness of life. The greatest artistic feature of the Nineteen Ancient Poems is that they are long on lyricism and make good use of the techniques of comparison and rise.

After the Jian'an era, Ruan Ji (210--263) was the representative poet of the Zhengshi era, and his Wing Huai Poems further laid the foundation for lyrical pentameter poems, which often expressed his worries about the country, his fear of disaster, and his avoidance of the world in tortuous lines. Ruan Ji's contemporaries included Jikang (224--263), whose poems were cynical and pointed directly at the dark reality. Both of them inherited the tradition of "Jian'an style".

The period of the North and South Dynasties was another period of development in the history of Chinese poetry, which was manifested in the emergence of another batch of music and folk songs. They not only reflected new social realities, but also created new artistic forms and styles. The general characteristic of the folk songs in this period is that they are short in length and more lyrical than narrative. There are more than 480 songs preserved in the Southern Dynasty, generally small poems with four lines in five, almost all of which are love songs. The number of northern dynasty music is far less than that of southern dynasty music, but the richness of the content, the simplicity of the language, the style of robustness is far from being able to reach the southern dynasty music. If the southern dynasty music is to talk about love "colorful song", then, the northern dynasty music is the name of the "military music", "war song". In terms of genre, in addition to the five-character quatrains that dominated the Northern Dynasties' music, it also created the seven-character quatrains and developed the seven-character poems and miscellaneous poems. The most famous of these poems is the long narrative poem Mulan Poetry, which, together with Southeast Flight of the Peacock, is known as the "two jewels" in the history of Chinese poetry.

Poetry developed into the Tang Dynasty, ushering in a golden age of high maturity. During the nearly three hundred years of the Tang Dynasty, nearly 50,000 poems were written, and there were about 50 to 60 famous poets with unique styles.

The development of poetry in the Song Dynasty was not as brilliant as that of the Tang Dynasty, but it has its own unique style, namely, the lyrical component is reduced, the narrative, argumentative component increased, the importance of describing and portraying, a large number of prose syntax, so that the poem with the music of the relationship between the estrangement.

Poetry in the Ming Dynasty was in the antiquity and antiquity of the back and forth, no outstanding works and poets appeared.

Modern Chinese literature was born in the May Fourth Literary Revolution. After the pioneering stage, the new poetry took the form of a more perfect form, mainly free verse, but also new metrical poetry and symbolism.

In the second half of the 1940s, the new poetry, later called the folk-song style, matured in the liberated countryside. The outstanding achievements of the new poetry of the folk-song style were manifested in the narrative poems of Li Ji and Ruan Zhangjing.

After the founding of New China in 1949, poetry entered a new stage of development, and new subjects and themes came into being along with new life. Poets wrote an ode to the new era with passion. At the same time, the new society also created a number of new poets and brand-new works.

Since the new period, the poetry world, which has been silent for ten years, has shown a new scene of blossoming. Poetry, in terms of expression, has been able to draw on a wide range of ancient and modern Chinese and foreign countries, while the form has tended to be more loose and free-form, with a wide variety of styles. At the beginning of the new period, poems that hailed victory and reflected on history inherited the tradition of realism and continued to develop it. At the same time, a group of young poets, such as Shu Ting, Gu Cheng, and Jiang He, grew up rapidly in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Their poems usually showed an obscure and unusual complexity, which was called "hazy poetry".

After the mid-to-late 1980s, there was a modernist trend in the poetry world that called itself the "third generation of poets.

1. Poetry is a matter of opinion. Poetry is a difficult thing to grasp, in a general sense, it is too free and refined. That's why people don't usually choose to write it, and it's hard to make a name for yourself writing poetry.

When it comes to style, it's just a way of looking at something. Some people like to be concise, some like to be clear and elegant, some like to be straightforward. When you think a poem is particularly good, it's a sign that your perspective and mood are similar to that one.

Modern poetry is different from classical poetry, as if modern poetry does not have an objective evaluation standard, as the so-called various genres, various styles are presented. I think that as long as it is a kind of feelings from the inside of my heart, it is poetry.

"Poetry is the expression of the will", and I hope that "my hands write my heart"!