What kinds are there in Ai Jieke?

There are old Dolan Ai Jieke, New Ai Jieke and Bass Ai Jieke.

Duolang Ai Jieke: It is popular in Mohammad, Bachu and other ronin-inhabited areas in southern Xinjiang. Shaped like banhu. It is the only bowstring instrument in Dolan Band. Duolang Ai Jieke is the main stringed instrument among folk bands in Duolang area, with a total length of about 65,438+000 cm. The piano pole is cylindrical and made of coconut trees. * * * The sound box is hemispherical, mostly made of hardwood such as jujube, and the front is wrapped with sheepskin or donkey skin. In order to increase the volume of performance, there are 6-8 steel wire sounding strings. When playing, the bottom of the piano will stand on the left leg or will *.

Dolan Ai Jieke used coconut wood as the piano pole, Elaeagnus angustifolia as the * * * sound box, the piano face was wrapped in sheepskin or donkey skin, and a ponytail string was used as the main string. 6 ~ 10 steel wires are arranged on both sides of the middle of the piano. The pitch of the main chord is c 1, and the * * chords are set to g, c 1, d 1, e 1, g 1, a 1, b 1 and d2, respectively. The range is c 1 ~ c3. Dolan Ai Jieke has a long base column. When playing, he stands the piano on his left leg or between his knees. The volume is low and the bass is rich and beautiful.

New Ai Jieke: Musicians reformed on the basis of Dolan Ai Jieke after the founding of the People's Republic of China. * * * The speaker is large, the outer skin is made of thin wood, the stem is short, the bottom column is shortened, and the lower end is provided with a herringbone bracket, so that the body can be rotated at any time to adapt to the angle of the bow. Cancel the * * * string and use four violin strings and violin bows instead. The tuning is g, d 1, a 1, e2. The range is extended to g ~ a3. Its timbre and volume are similar to those of a violin, and it can be played with a variety of techniques, such as double tones, chords, broken bows, jumping bows, overtones, plucking strings and so on, with strong musical expression.

Beth Ai Jieke; This is a musical instrument designed and produced in the 1960s. The base column and fingerboard are longer, and the tuning and playing methods are the same as those of cello.

In addition, the Ai Jieke with two piano poles developed by Xinjiang Hami Art Troupe in the 1970s has four main strings attached to the main pole and 8 ~ 10 steel wire attached to the auxiliary pole, which not only has the advantages of the new Ai Jieke, but also retains the * * * strings, with more beautiful timbre and louder volume, and the tuning and playing methods are the same as those of the new Ai Jieke.

Ai Jieke has a unique appearance, with a spherical piano barrel and wood. The inside is covered with python skin, which is connected with the paulownia jigsaw puzzle through sound posts, so that the singing body of * * * forms two hemispheres with sound holes around it, and the angle between the bow and the strings is adjusted by the piano holder or rotation. Timbre has the effect of combining board vibration and leather vibration.

Ai Jieke generally has two main strings, and there are several * * * strings under the strings of the main strings. Bows are made of bamboo pieces and ponytails. When playing, the main string rubs against the bow, and other strings play * * *.

Ai Jieke, a Uighur, originated in ancient Persia (now the Kurdish region in northern Iran) and was introduced to China via the Silk Road. It is very similar to the Genka, Uzbek, Turkmen and Tajik ethnic groups in Tibet, especially to the Chaqin ethnic group in Gaman, which is popular in Turkey and Kashmir.

Among the Uighurs, it is said that Ai Jieke is the sound made when the door is opened, closed or the axle rotates. It was first popular in Hotan, shache, Kashgar and other places in southern Xinjiang, and then gradually spread to northern Xinjiang and eastern Xinjiang.

In the Qing Dynasty, Ai Jieke was included in the court Uighur music (that is, Uyghur music), belonging to the Huqin musical instrument. "After Fa and Lu Zhengyi" records: "Si Huqin is a person named Khazhak".