Introduction of architectural graphic drawing.

Building plan, also referred to as plan, refers to the building conditions such as walls, doors, windows, stairs, floors and internal functional layout of new buildings or structures, which is composed of horizontal projection method and corresponding legends. So how do you draw the building plan? The following consultation in Zhong Da has brought relevant contents on how to draw the building plan for your reference.

Drawing the building plan follows the order of plane, vertical and section, and drawing the construction drawing.

First of all, the plane

1, clearly mark aproll, steps, steps, stair railings, guardrails and expansion joints (deformation joints);

2. The layout of the kitchen and bathroom, including the toilet, washbasin, bathing device, floor drain and floor drain slope (65438 0%), indoor elevation (generally lower than the height of 0.030m);

3, balcony layout, including floor drain and floor drain slope direction (65438+/-0%), hangers, railings, indoor elevation (generally 0.030 m higher than the floor height);

4, the function of each room;

5, indoor and outdoor ground elevation, stair elevation;

6. When dimensioning, indicate the shaft span distance first, and then clearly mark the detail size;

7, stair layout, clearly indicate the step size; Generally, the stairwell is between 120-200, and protective measures should be taken when it exceeds 200.

8. Roof design drainage, the watershed is located at the mid-line crossing, with a building slope of 2% and a building slope of 1%. The intersection of building slope and building slope is waterline and downspout method;

9, master cheng yen roof should draw the roof;

10, location of water tank, manhole of water tank, ladder;

1 1, cornice method, choose atlas or design according to the scheme requirements;

12, the plane detail index is clear;

Second, the facade.

1, when adding facade doors and windows, the height of doors and windows should refer to the floor height and beam height in addition to the width, and the water drop of the floor should also be considered for the glass curtain wall (generally 100-300 high);

2. The upper surfaces of facade doors and windows should be as flush as possible to ensure the facade effect;

3. The difference between the height and width of the facade doors and windows should not exceed two building modules (300);

4. The outer frame line of doors and windows is slightly thicker, and the inner wall and door outer frame are made of thin lines. Highlight the internal and external aspects;

5. As far as possible, the dimensions of the facade should be marked with the nearest hole and border dimensions, and other unmarked dimensions should be clearly marked with elevation and linear dimensions nearby;

6, exterior wall decoration index;

Three. outline

1, the section should be cut to the stairwell;

2. Design the height and width of stair step and rest platform, try to ensure that the width between two ladder beams does not exceed 4200m, and the height and width of step should be b+2h3, and clearly indicate the uncut beam, column, door and window lines;

4, longitudinal marking clearly indicate the humanly scaled size, stair step size, elevation and the relationship between floors, horizontal marking clearly indicate the relationship between floors, beams and axes;

5. The section position of the callout should correspond to the plan;

Fourth, details.

1, clearly express the location of the details, such as floor elevation, and the relationship with the axis;

2. The structural form is correctly expressed;

3, balcony, corridor below the floor (generally 0.030 high);

Design experience: 1. First of all, we should pay attention to the problem of storey height, and don't make trouble for ourselves. (Limited by 16m)

Storage room+five-story residence

2.2+4x 3+ indoor and outdoor height difference storage room+six-story residence

All-ground storeroom 2+5x2.75+0.25 (indoor and outdoor height difference) Half-ground storeroom 1 (underground) 1.2 (above ground) +5x2.8+0.45 (indoor and outdoor height difference) does not violate the specifications. Please select.

In another case, the top floor is a jump floor, which can be added to the top floor, and in most cases it is the main attic.

draw pictures

There is a question of order here. Everyone may have their own habits, but I think mine is better. You can usually get an apartment in one day.

Let's take Tianzheng 5.5+AUTO CAD 2002 as an example (storage room+five-story house, 2.2+4x 3+ indoor and outdoor height difference). On the premise of determining the room type, see how many units there are in this building according to the general plan, because we determine the setting of expansion joints according to the length of the building.

Draw half a unit first, then the standard floor (the same as the apartment type).

Axis, according to the apartment type, draw the wall line with a single line, change the wall with a single line (240 width), and delete unnecessary walls; Set the doors and windows hole, general settings:

M- 1 entrance door 1000x2 100

M-2 interior door (bedroom study) 900X2 100

M-3 kitchen door 800X2 100

M-4 bathroom door 800X2 100

M-5 balcony door (sliding door) 2 100x2600

C- 1 master bedroom window 1800X 1700, windowsill 900.

C-2 bedroom study window 1500x 1700

C-3 kitchen window 1500x 1600 windowsill height 1000.

C-4 bathroom window 900x800 sill 1800

C-5 1200X 1600 stairwell window, sill height 1000.

C-5 balcony window: the length of the balcony periphery is X 1550, and the height of the windowsill is 1050.

Decorate the kitchen and bathroom, pay attention to the width of the kitchen operation panel is 500, the width of the washbasin panel is 550, and the length varies with the apartment type; Arrange the position of washing machine refrigerator and air conditioner in the main room, because the water supply and drainage electrical specialty needs to be positioned; Set the positions of gas hood and range hood, vegetable washing pool and mop pool, toilet bowl and shower head, towel rack and soap box sanitary paper box; Set the position of wardrobe and shoe cabinet, set the position of floor drain and drainage slope, and set the height difference of balcony kitchen and bathroom.

The location of all kinds of pipeline holes requires heating in the north, so heating needs to be measured by households.

Solar hole, located in the bathroom, size 300x400；;

Indoor distribution box 400x200x 120

CATV 300 x200 x 120；

Outdoor power box 500x500x120; ;

Kitchen smoke exhaust pipe well size 300x400；;

Household metering pipeline well * * * 500 x 1200, one 400x800 for each household, and heat meter box 800x600x240；;

Air conditioning inlet, round hole diameter 100.

Provide an outdoor air conditioning platform with a size of 600x 1000 and a thickness of 60.

Mark the room name and use area;

Mark the size of the hole in the inner door and window.

Mirror image generates a standard unit, adding constructional columns, general exterior wall nodes and four corners of stairs, with a size of 240x240. Structural columns are added to walls that are more than twice the height of a story. Finally, change the position of the column according to the structure diagram.

The width of the stairwell is generally 2600. In this case, the width of the stairwell can be 2400. Pay attention to some specifications of stairwells. The railing height is 900 (1050), the railing spacing is 0. 1 1, the stair width is not less than 1 m, and the rest platform width should be1.2m.. 1.2+9x0.3+ 1.5=5.4 .

The column of Tianzheng 5.5 can't be mirrored, and the wall is very thick, which shows an error. Can be copied.

After copying, the standard layer plane is obtained, and the axis size is marked; Close the shaft layer and mark the size of the hole of exterior wall doors and windows.

Mark the drawing name and scale, and insert the drawing frame.

Copy the standard floor upwards, modify the stairwell and height marking, and get the top floor plan.

Copy down the standard floor, modify the height label, add the canopy, and get the 2-floor plan.

Copy the second floor plan, modify the stairwell parameters, modify the canopy to be a ramp, delete the balcony, change the name of the hole, modify the indoor elevation, increase the outdoor elevation, add compasses, draw a closed line along the external wall with PL line, offset to generate aproll, and finally get the plan.

Copy the axis and axis size of the first floor and PL line, offset 240 inward to generate the roof parapet, and offset 600 outward to generate the roof cornice. Copy the standard floor solar oil fume well and balcony to the top floor plane for modification. The height of the roof well is 600, the height of the parapet is 900, and the stairwell is equipped with manhole, with the size of 600x600. Draw the drainage direction and slope and the location of the storm drain.

So the plane is finished.

Third, about the bottom:

1, outdoor steps, ramps and open ditches shall be indicated; Indoor and outdoor facade.

2. If there is a garage on the ground floor, a fire cornice shall be set above the hole of the external wall door. Stairs are the same as other public entrances and exits.

3. Residential entrances and exits are located at the lower part of the open balcony, and safety measures such as rain cover should be set to prevent objects from falling and hurting people.

4, aproll width l should be 600~ 1000mm, when using unorganized drainage, aproll width can be released according to the cornice line 200 ~ 300mm；; Slope can be 3%~5%, generally 5%; When aproll is concrete, expansion joints should be set at 20~30m. A seam should be left between aproll and exterior wall, with a width of 20~30mm, and asphalt material should be filled in the seam.

See Fujian 86J90 1(7/3) for aproll practice, which is aproll for cement mortar.

3. The width of open trench is generally around 200mm, and the atlas is 200mm or 250mm. The applicable provincial standard atlas shall indicate the depth H value (single project h = 300mm). There should be about 0.5% longitudinal slope at the bottom of the ditch.

See Fujian 86J90 1( 1/4) for the practice of open trench, which is brick open trench.

4. The height of the footrest is generally the height difference between the indoor terrace and the outdoor terrace, and the height size of the footrest can also be increased according to the needs of the facade.

See Fujian 97J09( 17/49) for toe binding of external wall, which adopts granite surface and the height is from outdoor terrace to indoor terrace.

5. For outdoor steps, see Fujian 86J90 1(4/7), 150 concrete steps and 12 thick terrazzo surface.

Four, about the standard layer:

1, indicating the floor elevation; The height of toilets and balconies has been reduced.

2. See Xiexie 9 1J604 for aluminum alloy doors and windows. Code and numbering method of doors and windows: Doors and windows are marked with pinyin letters according to their opening forms for identification. The code is as follows: m gate;

G- fixed; T- push-pull; P flat type; C window; S-type suspension type; H- sliding support type; DM- spring door; A- open left; B- open right;

C2- size holes have the same form, but different windows.

3. See Fujian 86SJ60 1 for plywood doors.

4. The size of reserved holes in the ground of the kitchen exhaust duct of the eighth floor and below: 550×350.

The reserved hole size of the exhaust duct floor of the bathroom on the eighth floor and below: 430×300.

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