What are the classics of Taoism?

The Taoist masterpieces include Tao Te Ching, Zhuangzi, Liezi, Huangji Jing Shi, Wenzi, Tianzi, Huangdi Si Jing, Lao Laizi and other books.

1, "Tao Te Ching"

"Tao Te Ching", the philosophical work of Laozi (Li Er) during the Spring and Autumn Period, also known as "Tao Te Ching", "Laozi", "Five Thousand Words", "Laozi Five Thousand Writings", is a work of ancient China before the division of the pre-Qin sons of the ancient Chinese, an important source of philosophical thought of the Taoists.

The Tao Te Ching is divided into two chapters, the original text of the upper "Virtue Ching", the lower "Tao Te Ching", not divided into chapters, later changed to "Tao Te Ching" 37 chapters in front of the 38th chapter after the "Virtue Ching", and is divided into 81 chapters.

The text of Tao Te Ching is organized in the philosophical sense of "morality", and discusses the ways of cultivating oneself, governing the country, using military force, and nourishing one's life, while mostly aiming at politics, which is the so-called "inner saint and outer king", and is known as the king of all the sutras, for its profound meaning and broad coverage.

The book is the most important book in the history of the world.

The Tao Te Ching is one of the greatest masterpieces in Chinese history, and has had a profound impact on traditional philosophy, science, politics and religion. According to UNESCO, Tao Te Ching is the cultural masterpiece that has been translated into foreign languages and released in the most number of copies besides the Bible.

2. Zhuangzi

The Zhuangzi, also known as the Nanhua Jing, is a Taoist scripture, written by Zhuangzi and his descendants in the middle of the Warring States period. After the Han Dynasty, Zhuang Zi was honored as the Nanhua Zhenran (南华真人), so Zhuang Zi is also known as the Nanhua Jing (南华經). It is also known as the Nanhua Jing. Together with Laozi and Zhouyi, it is known as the "Three Mysteries".

The book mainly reflects Zhuangzi's critical philosophy, art, aesthetics, and aesthetics. Its content is rich and profound, covering many aspects of philosophy, life, politics, society, art, and cosmogony.

Chuang Zi's articles, fantasy imagination, ingenious ideas, colorful world of thought and literary mood, the writing is unrestrained, with the Romantic style of art, magnificent and treacherous, meaning out of the dust, is the pre-Qin sons of the articles of the model work.

The words of Zhuang Zi seem to be exaggerated, imaginative and boundless, but all of them have a foundation, heavy on the historical reasoning. Mr. Lu Xun said: "its text is the ocean, the style of the ten thousand square, the late weeks of the scholars, can not be preceded." Known as the "nine streams, including a hundred".

"Zhuangzi" and "return to the Tibetan", "the Yellow Emperor's four scriptures", "Laozi" and other writings *** for the Chinese nation's several source of the classics, they are not only philosophy and culture with an important carrier, but also the ancient wisdom of the sages about literature, aesthetics, art, aesthetic crystallization of wisdom. Zhuangzi and other Taoist thought is the history of Confucianism in addition to the official school and Taoist lifting doctrine.

"Zhuangzi" is not only a philosophical masterpiece, but also a masterpiece of allegory in literature and aesthetics. What's more, it has an inseparable and far-reaching influence on the development of Chinese literature and aesthetics. The publication and study of Zhuangzi's fables make the excellent tradition of Chinese culture to be inherited and developed, the spirit of the Chinese nation to be carried forward, in the real sense, more socialist civilization to make the construction of the spirit of the pavement can not be ignored.

3, "Liezi"

"Liezi" is also known as "Chongxu Zhenjing". It was written by Liezi, Liezi's disciples and their later studies in the early Warring States period. After it appeared in the Han Dynasty, it was honored as the "Chongxu Zhenjing" and sealed Liezi as the Chongxu Zhenzhen, whose doctrine was hailed by the ancients as the Way of Everlasting Victory.

It is a famous book in the history of pre-Qin thought and culture in ancient China, belonging to the school of Zhuzi, and it is a book of wisdom, which can open people's minds and give them revelation and wisdom. Its book silently observes the movement of the news of creation and development, and carries forward the hidden secrets of Huang Lao, with simple and strong favoring and wonderful, and its rhetoric is indispensable to the Taoist righteousness.

Tang Tianbao first year, the Tang Xuanzong decree set up "Dr. Xuanxue", the imperial edict "Liezi" for the "Chunxu Zhenjing", the Northern Song Dynasty sealed as "the most virtuous", said the "Chunxu Zhenjing". Listed as one of the important classics of Taoism.

4, "Huangji Jingshi"

"Huangji Jingshi book" is a use of the Yi theory and Yi teachings to investigate the origin of the universe, the evolution of nature and social and historical changes in the work, to the River Luo, the science of the elephant in the world.

The Huangji Jing Shi Shu*** is a book of 64 articles in 12 volumes. The first six volumes of "Yuanhui Yunshi" contains thirty-four articles, the second four volumes of "Sound Laws" contain sixteen articles, the second "Guanwu Nei Pian" contains twelve articles, and the last "Guanwu Xie Pian" contains two articles.

The first sixty-two chapters are Shao's own writings, and the last two are the accounts of his disciples.

Mr. Qian Mu pointed out: Zhuang Zhou, Shao Yong for the view of the philosophy. Among them, the "View of Things" is actually the theoretical outline of Shao Yong's philosophy, Yi reasoning, and history.

5, "Wenzi"

"Wenzi" after the book, in the beginning of the Qin Dynasty was banned. After Qin annexed the six countries and established the centralized rule of feudal monarchy, in order to consolidate his power, Qin Shihuang adopted the opinion of the Prime Minister Li Si and implemented the policy of cultural suppression. In 213 B.C., he ordered the confiscation and burning of poems, books, the Hundred Schools of Languages, and history books other than the Qin Chronicle. The book was also banned.

After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, in 124 B.C., Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, saw that "the books were not available" and issued an imperial edict to "widely open the road to offer books", so that the books banned by the Qin Dynasty were gradually made available again. It was only at this time that the book, which had been banned and destroyed by the Qin Emperor, was gradually published again.

The Han Book - Arts and Letters will be recorded in the "Taoist" category. The Tang Dynasty honors Taoism, "Wenzi" has also been valued, and people continue to make notes for it, and by Emperor Taizong's edict to change the name of the book for the "Tongxuan Zhenjing", see its status. But after the Sui and Tang dynasties, as Taoism lost its dominant position in the struggle with Buddhism, "Wenzi" was also gradually obliterated, the study of it is also quite cold.

"Wenzi - Shangde" has obvious characteristics of "Yi Chuan". The interpretation of Yi in the Shangde is a development of the same line of thought as the Tuan and Xiang.

The book Wenzi elucidates the philosophical thinking of Wenzi, which developed the doctrines of Taoism, while absorbing certain ideas from other schools of thought during the same period, and further perfecting the doctrines of Laozi, occupying an important place in the history of ancient Chinese philosophy.

Wenzi mainly explains the words of Laozi, expounds the thoughts of Laozi, and inherits and develops the doctrine of Taoism. According to Song Lian of the Ming Dynasty, "I have tasted the words of Laozi, and I am probably the most knowledgeable of the Tao Te Ching." Wu Jinjie of the Yuan Dynasty also claimed, "Wenzi is the biography of the Tao Te Ching." All illustrate the main content of the Wenzi.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Taoism