What are the traditional cultures in Hebei?

This paper introduces in detail the outstanding traditional cultures such as Yuxian paper-cutting, Hengshui internal painting, Daming grass weaving, Chinese painting, calligraphy, Yongqing grass carving, Wuqiang woodcut New Year pictures, Xinji dough sculpture and Anxin reed painting, which are unique intangible cultural heritage projects in Hebei Province.

1. Brief Introduction of Hebei Folk Craft Varieties and Performers

1, Yuxian paper-cut

Yuxian paper-cutting, also known as window grilles, has a history of more than 200 years.

Yuxian paper-cut is mainly engraved with yin, supplemented by yang, combined with yin and yang, and painted with multicolor dots. The main technological processes are design of basic samples, powder spraying, sampling, ordering, drilling, carving, spot dyeing and coloring, and uncovering. The main themes of paper-cutting are opera characters, flowers and facial makeup. Full composition, vivid modeling, colorful, unique technology, rich and bright colors, strong contrast, strong decoration, strong folk flavor, strong rhythm and charm, unique in the field of folk paper-cutting.

2. Hengshui painting

Hengshui internal painting takes glass, crystal and amber as pot blanks, and introduces techniques such as breaking, rubbing, dyeing, pointing, hooking and tearing into internal painting, drawing meticulous figures, landscapes, flowers and birds, calligraphy and so on. The backhand is in the bottle.

Hengshui's internal painting works are characterized by profound thoughts, rigorous composition, rich line drawing techniques, harmonious and refined colors, rich calligraphy and painting, and appeal to both refined and popular tastes. It can be said that "there is a heaven and earth between square inches" and "there is a thousand miles in an inch", which is deeply loved by people.

3. Peace of mind in reed painting

Anxin reed painting is one of the special tourist handicrafts in Baiyangdian. The reeds produced in Baiyangdian Lake are of good quality and are known as "water in one lake, silver in one lake, reed in one inch and gold in one inch".

Anxin reed painting is made of leaves, stems, spikes and other raw materials of Baiyangdian reed, carefully crafted by artists through more than ten processes, such as cutting, scalding, pasting and moistening. Due to the special processing technology, it can be preserved for a long time, and it is a pure natural, pure green and pure handmade product.

Reed painting's paintings in Baiyangdian are natural, simple and elegant, with flowers, fish, insects, figure buildings and landscapes. The composition is concise and vivid, with strong local flavor, which is deeply loved by people. His major works are Zhong Kui, Water Town, Lotus Pond and Five Blessingg.

4. Daming straw

"Next to Liucun Avenue in Zhangzhuang, men, women and children weave flower baskets", which is a folk song circulating in the ancestral home of Teresa Teng, daming county, Handan, Hebei. All kinds of daily necessities, decorations, toys, etc. Woven with wheat, sorghum, corn husk, wicker, lotus and reed, it was once everywhere in Daming County.

Daming Straw is a traditional family handicraft east of Weihe River in daming county, which can be used by women and children. Straw hats, baskets and other items are mostly made of straw. On this basis, after the research of folk artists, bags, tea mats, cushions, floor mats, door curtains, fruit boxes, wastebaskets, slippers, stickers and boxes made of wheat straw were added.

Modern grass stickers use oil painting, meticulous painting and other painting techniques for reference to show flowers, birds, insects, fish, tigers, mountains and Luming Literature.

5. Xinji dough sculpture

Dough sculpture is a popular folk art in northern China, and its form originated from the folk. The dough sculptures recorded in Meng Lianglu in Song Dynasty have a wide range of uses. Folk dough sculpture is a folk art that hundreds of millions of working people place their emotions on.

Pastoral sculpture has a wide range of themes, with figures, animals, insects and melons as the main contents, among which pastoral series works are unique in the world.

6. Wuqiang Woodblock New Year Pictures

Wuqiang County, Hengshui City is a famous hometown of folk woodblock New Year pictures. Wuqiang woodblock New Year pictures came into being at the end of Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, and reached its peak in Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is carved with pear wood or Dumu wood, mainly with front carving and back carving. The lines are rough, and the watermark is printed with several groups of colors, black, red, green, yellow, purple and pink. Its characteristics are bright color contrast, concise and generalized modeling, full composition, rigorous structure, prominent theme and strong decoration.

In terms of subject matter, there are not only traditional figures, landscapes, flowers and birds, but also contemporary real life and current affairs news, among which the promotion of traditional virtues is particularly prominent. The main varieties are door paintings, nave, couplets, kitchen paintings, opera paintings and calendars.

Themes are divided into dozens of forms, such as immortal Buddha statues, auspicious celebrations, farming, holiday customs, historical allusions and so on. It fully expresses the thoughts and feelings of ordinary people, and can be called the epitome of farming society and the grand view garden of folk life.

7. Yongqing Grass Carving

Yongqing grass carving is a folk craft variety in Hebei province. The first-class sorghum stalks are used as raw materials, and calipers, scissors, awls, knives, bamboo sticks and oil lamps are used as tools. They are packaged and carved into various handicrafts by hand. The works range from traditional Guo Guo cages and grass lanterns to various antique building models, with fine workmanship and high artistic ornamental value.

Grass carving technology has the structural characteristics of antique buildings, the physical characteristics of balance and stability, the geometric characteristics of mortises and corners, and the ornamental characteristics of ancient buildings.

Representative works include Qingzhou Baita, Wang Tengting, Xi 'an Bell Tower, Henan Youguo Temple, etc. Tian 'anmen Square was presented as a national gift to Nagano Prefecture for collection, while Foxiang Pavilion and A Corner of the Forbidden City were collected by China Art Museum.